By: Victor M. Delgado Jr National Power Corporation Philippines

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1 The First Kashiwazaki International Symposium on Seismic Safety of Nuclear Installations Sponsored by Japan Nuclear Energy Safety Organization (JNES) in cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) By: Victor M. Delgado Jr National Power Corporation Philippines

Organization (JNES) in cooperation with the International Atomic

2 Background Bataan Nuclear Power Plant is a nuclear power plant, completed but never fueled 620 MW Located 100 kilometers (60 miles) west of Manila, on a 3.57 square kilometer government reservation at Napot Point in Morong, Bataan The plant is only 9 kilometers away from a dormant volcano called Mt. Natib. Mt. Natib stands between the Philippine Fault and the West Luzon Fault. It was the Philippines' only attempt at building a nuclear power plant. Construction on the Bataan Nuclear Power Plant began in 1977 and almost completed in 1984.

57 square kilometer government reservation at Napot Point in Morong, Bataan The plant is only 9 kilometers away from a dormant volcano

3 Background Following the 1979 Three Mile Island accident in the US, construction on the BNPP was stopped to check the safety of the plant. In 1986 the nuclear power plant project was scrapped by the new government. Reasons: The Chernobyl accident of 1986 Located in an area where earthquakes are likely to occur.

In 1986 the nuclear power plant project was scrapped by the new government.

4 Focused of the Presentation IS THE BATAAN NUCLEAR POWER PLANT SAFE IN TERMS OF SEISMIC ACTIVITY CAN IT WITHSTAND A TSUNAMI CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKE OF TECTONIC ORIGINS

5 The BNPP Safety Inquiry In 1979, upon the government instruction, a Commission was formed to review the safety of BNPP. Among others, the focused of the inquiry is centered on seismic safety and its associated hazards. The inquiry attracted resource persons & consultants of renowned qualification

Among others, the focused of the inquiry is centered on seismic safety and

6 Site Location of BNPP The BNPP is located at Napot Point, Morong west coast of Bataan Province There were 2 volcanic centers in the area, Mt. Natib & Mt Mariveles The location of the power plant was chosen among several sites in Luzon Island, meaning the best location among others. Point in question on the Site Is the occurrence of large earthquake of at least 7.2 magnitude withstand the design of the plant? In case of volcanic eruption & tsunami due to earthquake, what will be its effect?

Natib & Mt Mariveles The location of the power plant was chosen among several sites in Luzon Island, meaning the best

7 The Philippine Fault Zone

8 The Philippine Nuclear Power Plant Site

9 Results of the Investigation ON THE EARTHQUAKE ISSUE There are no convincing evidence that BNPP is located on an active fault. Occurrence of earthquake (7.8 magnitude) is most unlikely event at plant site Earthquake of (7.8 magnitude) may originate from known active faults surrounding the Central Luzon Tectonic Province Philippine Fault, Taal Fracture Zone & Manila Trench Earthquake that may originate at nearest earthquake zone as well as postulated earthquake of magnitude 7 was duly considered in arriving at the acceleration value of 0.4g.

8 magnitude) may originate from known active faults surrounding the Central Luzon Tectonic Province Philippine Fault, Taal Fracture Zone

10 Results of the Investigation ON THE EARTHQUAKE ISSUE There is a reasonable assurance that the largest postulated earthquake that can be felt at the plant site would not result in leakage or spillage that will result contamination Since the 1900 only one earthquake had been recorder to have its epicenter in Bataan Peninsula with a magnitude of 4 & 4.4

result in leakage or spillage that will result contamination Since the 1900 only one

11 Results of the Investigation ON THE TSUNAMI ISSUE The plant is located at the elevation 18 meters above sea level The known tsunami that hit the country had the maximum height of 7 meters The plant would be safe from tsunami resulting from an earthquake of tectonic origin

tsunami that hit the country had the maximum height of 7 meters The

12 Conclusion The Commission finds that there is a reasonable assurance that any occurrence of earthquake will not cause leakage or spillage resulting nuclear contamination. The seismic design of 0.4g has taken into account the strongest earthquake that may be felt at the plant site. An eruption of Mt. Natib is within the realm of probability but is considered remote dormant in the last 70,00 years. Should it erupt the only likely hazard it could cause to the plant site would be ashfall. The plant site appears to be safe from the effects of tsunami as it was located 18 masl., as compared to the known tsunami recorded in the Philippines 7 meters.

Natib is within the realm of probability but is considered remote dormant in the last 70,00 years.

13 The 1990 Luzon Earthquake The 1990 Luzon earthquake occurred on July 16, 1990, at 4:26 PM local time. The densely populated island of Luzon was struck by an earthquake with a 7.8 magnitude The earthquake produced a 125 km-long ground rupture The earthquake epicenter was around 150 kms from the Bataan Nuclear Plant

The densely populated island of Luzon was struck by an earthquake with a 7.

14 The 1991 Mount Pinatubo Eruption In June 1991, Mount Pinatubo erupted, considered as the second largest volcanic eruption of the twentieth century. The volcano is about 52 kms away from the Bataan Nuclear Plant The 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption began in July 1990, when a magnitude 7.8 earthquake occurred 100 kilometers (62 miles) northeast of the Pinatubo region, determined to be a result of the reawakening of Mount Pinatubo.

The volcano is about 52 kms away from the Bataan Nuclear Plant The 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption began in

15 The Status of the Philippine Nuclear Power Plant

16 The 2008 IAEA Mission Review Key Findings 1. Infrastructure of Nuclear Power No Apparent Nuclear Energy Policy The joint mechanism among the government, utilities and the industry is not established. Legislative and regulatory framework is incomplete/needs updating. -International Instruments -Licensing Basis Declining expertise to implement nuclear energy plan and lack of systematic human resources development plan. 2. The Bataan Nuclear Power Plant Verification data of plant conditions needed for rehabilitation is not available. Primary Island: the detailed preservation program was reduced since 1997 due to budget limitation. Conventional Island: maintained minimum preservation to keep the functions for the selected components.

Legislative and regulatory framework is incomplete/needs updating.

17 The 2008 IAEA Mission Review Key Findings 2. The Bataan Nuclear Power Plant (cont..) Verification data of plant conditions needed for rehabilitation is not available. Primary Island: the detailed preservation program was reduced since 1997 due to budget limitation. Conventional Island: maintained minimum preservation to keep the functions for the selected components. Some components were sold/moved. No project management organization to preserve the plant. No provisions to control environmental conditions for components/documents. All documents including test results are maintained but under uncontrolled environment. Relationship with the OEM was terminated. Components in the warehouses were not maintained and preserved properly.

Conventional Island: maintained minimum preservation to keep the functions for the selected components. Some components were sold/moved.

18 The 2008 IAEA Mission Review Key Findings 2. The Bataan Nuclear Power Plant (cont..) No systematic evaluation system for the feasibility study of rehabilitation. Nuclear power Infrastructure degradation due to mothballing of the first NPP. High uncertainty of functionality of components because mothballing was done when the plant is almost complete and the reduction of preservation level in The cost of rehabilitation may be more because of no preservation of the Nuclear Steam Supply System.

Nuclear power Infrastructure degradation due to mothballing of the first NPP.

19 The 2008 IAEA Mission Review Recommendations 1. Infrastructure of Nuclear Power Set the National Nuclear Energy Policy Utilize IAEA s Milestones in the Development of a National Infrastructure for Nuclear Power document to assess Infrastructure preparedness and progress. Consider technical cooperation between IAEA and Philippines focused on BNPP and holistic Infrastructure Building. 2. The Bataan Nuclear Power Plant Establish a dedicated core group with nuclear experience and expertise, for management of preservation and all necessary activities in BNPP. Produce a BNPP Status Verification Report (SVR) on actual status of the plant.

Power document to assess Infrastructure preparedness and progress.

20 The 2008 IAEA Mission Review Recommendations 2. The Bataan Nuclear Power Plant (cont..) Establish a reactor licensing capability in the regulatory body and update Licensing Bases Document (LBD). Utility to determine the scope of technology update, considering - Nuclear experience in similar NPPs (Krsko, Kori, Angra); and - What System, Structure and Components (SCC) need to be replaced in SVR. Survey of the available resources (consultants, suppliers). Update the Environmental Impact Assessment Report for the government review and public consultation to reduce uncertainty. Preparation of the Feasibility Study for the rehabilitation of BNPP.

Utility to determine the scope of technology update, considering - Nuclear experience in similar NPPs (Krsko, Kori, Angra); and - What System, Structure and

21 Recommendations of Philippine Counterparts Setting-up of Steering Committee on Nuclear Power -DOE Secretary as Chairman -Policies and Directions Setting-up of Project Management Office -Headed by a Project Director -Implementing arm of Committee -Reports Directly to DOE Secretary

22 Thank you for your attention

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IAEA INTERNATIONAL FACT FINDING EXPERT MISSION OF THE NUCLEAR ACCIDENT FOLLOWING THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI Tokyo, Fukushima Dai-ichi NPP, Fukushima Dai-ni NPP and Tokai NPP, Japan 24