Current Status of NP Program & Planning in Malaysia. Mohd Yusof Mohd Ali Malaysian Nuclear Agency

Transcription

1 Current Status of NP Program & Planning in Malaysia Mohd Yusof Mohd Ali Malaysian Nuclear Agency

2 Outline of Presentation Energy planning. Commitment to nuclear power. Key activities for the political decision preparation. Stakeholders involvement. Management of the preparatory activities. Learned lessons and good practices.

3 Energy Planning

4

5 Energy profile of Malaysia

6 Comparative electricity fuel mix: Malaysia and the World in 2005

7 Malaysia Projected Power Generation Mix for

8 National energy sources are determined by Fuel Diversification Policies 1981 Four-Fuel Diversification Policy: i.e., oil, hydropower, natural gas & coal Five-Fuel Diversification Policy: The above + Renewable. Nuclear No Option

9 Any Energy option Considered It should be consistent with the 1979 National Energy Policy, especially: Supply Objective To ensure adequate, secure and cost-effective supply of energy Environmental Objective To ensure factors pertaining to environmental protection are not neglected in production and utilization of energy

10 Some Forecast on Energy Demand 50,000 45,000 40,000 35,000 Peak Demand (MW) 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5, Adopted Forecast 2008 Government 2008 Published Sources 2008 TNB E-Council LOW 2008 TNB E-Council MOD 2008 TNB E-Council HIGH

11 Malaysian Energy Assessment 2008 Lack of available competitive, sustainable, alternative commercial energy sources for the long-term, especially beyond 2020; Need to enhance national energy security due to depleting indigenous resources

12 Fuel Issues Fuel Long Term Issue 1 Oil Net Importer by 2014, price fluctuation. Will last another 14 years 2 Gas Gas fields expected to be depleted by Will last another 40 years 3 Coal Imported fuel, dwindling price and supply 4 Hydro Geographical supply, saturated & demand mismatch 5 Renewable Small, decentralize - support central utilities, less economic

13 Final Analysis It seems that nuclear is an option that Malaysia cannot avoid. 26 June 2009 Cabinet agreed to consider nuclear energy as one of the options for electricity generation post 2020 particularly in Peninsular. IAEA has indicative timeline and milestones for NP development, which is years from the decision made to go for nuclear energy Proposed to have two units of 1000 MW each to meet the demand.

14 Commitment to Nuclear Programme

15 National Commitment to Nuclear Power NP has been identified by PEMANDU on energy as one of the sources of electricity generation. It has been included in the 5 year development plan (10 th Malaysia Plan) for the country. PM has announced the formation of NPDC (NEPIO) to plan, coordinate and spearhead the implementation of the NP development program in line with the IAEA standards and guidelines. NPDC together with AELB and MOFA will make arrangement to ensure signing, acceding and rectifying relevant international instruments (treaties, protocols and conventions) and enactment of national legislations to bring into force those instruments.

16 National Commitment to Nuclear Power (2)

17 Key activities for the political decision preparation.

18 Legal and Regulatory System Main Act: Atomic Energy Licensing Act 1984 (Act 304) To provide for the regulation and control of atomic energy; For the establishment of standards on liability for nuclear damage; and For matters connected therewith or related thereto. Atomic Energy Licensing Board (AELB) Minister of Science, Technology & Innovation The Board (5 Members) Executive Secretary Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation Director General AELB Department Regulatory Body: Atomic Energy Licensing Board (AELB) was establish under Section 3 of the Act. 304 Ensuring safety, security and safeguarding peaceful Nuclear Activities Standing Safety Committee Sub-standing Safety Committee Nuclear Installation Division Technical Support Division Administrative Services Division Policy, Code & Standard Division Licensing Division Enforcement Division

19 Act Current status of Act, Regulations, Standards and Guides Regulations to date Standard As of 31 st August 2008 Act 304, 1984 Radiation Protection (Basic Safety Standard) 1988* *Approved by AG in Jun 2007 Radiation Protection (Nuclear Installation Licensing) Regulation 200 Radiation Protection (Radioactive Waste Management) Regulation 200_ Radiation Protection (Nuclear Non Proliferation Import & Export) Regulation 200_ Radiation Protection (Security of Radioactive Material) Regulation 200_ Radiation Protection (Medical Devices) Regulation 200_ Radiation Protection (Transport) Regulation 1989 Radiation Protection (Licensing) Regulations 1986 Radiation Protection (Appeal) Regulation 1990 GS-G-1.6 Seismic Design and Qualification for NPP GS-G-3.3 Evaluation of Seismic Hazard for NPP GS-G-4.1 Format and Content of SAR for NPP NS-G-1.1 Software for Computer Based System Important to Safety in NPP NS-G-1.2 Safety Assessment and Verification for NPP NS-G-1.4 Design of Fuel Handling and Storage System For NPP NS-G-1.5 External Event Excluding Earthquake NS-G-1.7 Protection Against Internal Fires and Explosion In the Design of NPP NS-G-1.8 Design of Emergency Power System for NPP NS-G-1.9 Design of Reactor Coolant System and Associated System in NPP NS-G-1.10 Design of Reactor Containment System for NPP NS-R-1 Safety for NPP Design 2007 National Guideline on Safety Assessment And Preparation of SAR Standard for Certification and Re-certification of Research Reactor Operator Guideline for Approval Application of Transit Of Nuclear Material Guideline for IAEA Safeguard Inspector Designation and Issuance of Multi-entrance Visa 2008 Guideline of Inspection Procedure for Research Reactors Guideline for Approval Application of Transshipment for Nuclear Material Standard For Certification of Inspector and Assessor Guideline of Licensing Process for Nuclear Installation NS-G-1.11 Protection against Internal Hazard Other than Fire and Explosion Design of NPP NS-G-1.12 Design of Reactor Core for NPP NS-G-1.13 Radiation Protection Aspect of Design for NPP NS-G-2.1 Fire Safety in the Operation of NPP NS-G-2.2 Operation Limit & Condition and Operating Procedures For NPP NS-G-2.3 Modification to NPP NS-G-2.4 The Operating Organization for NPP NS-G-2.7 Radiation Protection and Radioactive Waste Management in the Operation of NPP NS-G-2.8 Recruitment, Qualification & Training of Personnel for NPP NS-G-2.9 Commissioning for NPP NS-G-2.10 Periodic Safety Review for NPP Guideline for the Assessment of Reactor Modification Guideline on the Site Selection For Nuclear Installation Guideline on National Emergency Preparedness and Response Guideline on Physical Protection of Nuclear Installation Guidelines on Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installation NS-G-2.11 A System for the Feedback of Experience From Events in Nuclear Installation NS-G-3.1 External Human Induce Event in Site Evaluation for NPP NS-G-3.2 Dispersion of Radioactive Material in Air and Water and Consideration of Population Distribution in Site Evaluation For NPP NS-G-3.5 Flood Hazard for NPP on Coastal and River Site NS-G-3.6 Geotechnical Aspect of Site Evaluation and Foundation for NPP WS-G-2.1 Decommissioning for Research Reactor and NPP NS-R-2 Safety of NPP Operation NS-R-3 Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installation NS-G-2.5 Core Management and Fuel Handling for NPP NS-G-3.4 Meteorological Event in Site Evaluation for NPP TBD for 10 th Malaysia Planning Legend Adopted (IAEA document) Preparation Planning Revision Published

20 Current initiative on legal infrastructure: A more comprehensive Nuclear Act is being reviewed (based on IAEA Standard) and AELB is discussing with various agencies in strengthening legal infrastructure of nuclear activities in Malaysia. Adoption of 49 IAEA Standards related to research reactor and NP plant. Developing more guidance documents for licensees on NP. Establish MOU with Korean Authority and USNRC to provide expert assistance and advice to AELB on matters pertaining to NP. Engagement of foreign experts to advise AELB on evaluation of technical documents (site assessment, SAR etc) submitted by vendors and plant operator.

21 Human Resource Development HR Planning started early in the 80 s but its priority was changed due to government policy on NP. Programs on educations and trainings were later reoriented more toward non-power sectors and qualified and trained personnel were redeployed. Serious shortage of qualified and trained personnel and problem to meet IAEA manpower requirement (loading curve). Already make arrangement with a local university to start with a nuclear engineering program at MSc level. A number are sent overseas for a similar course under the existing HRD programs of individual agencies or centralized agencies (PSD, MARA). Already prepared a request for an expert service to help in identification of present capability and in carrying out gap analysis for HRD to meet IAEA recommendations, in particular, the requirement for craftsmen, technicians and engineers. TSO is making a plan to introduce special training programs for technician and craftsmen (welding, NDT, etc) and reactor O & M.

22 Human Resource Development (2) Recruitment of operator s personnel will be made soon after a company/spv is formed. It requires professionals to start the NP project. Short training programs for NPDC, TSO, TNB and AELB personnel are continued under existing TC, RCA and FNCA programs and a new framework to be developed with the vendor selected for the NP project.

23 Typical manpower loading curve for nuclear power project

24 Financial Resources for NP Infrastructure Development 3 agencies important for the NP development: NPDC, TSO (Nuclear Malaysia) and Regulatory Authority (AELB). NPDC is CLG with initial annual budget provided by the government. All planned activities by NPDC will use its budget allocated by the government. TSO and AELB are government agencies. HCD for these Agencies staff are planned using annual budget provided by the Ministry (MOSTI). In addition, additional special allocation are also provided by a special committee on energy formed by the government, PEMANDU. Recruitments of new staff of TSO and AELB are made using its administrative budget R & D on NP, technical services and waste management by TSO is financed by its development budget and trust account.

25 Stakeholders Involvement

26 Stakeholders Involvement Interaction with stakeholders: Internal: Road show and a series of NP seminars to TNB s personnel A series of NP Workshops to Malaysian Nuclear Agency s personnel which include introduction to NP plant and roles of TSO A series of meetings of AELB personnel with foreign experts External: Programs prepared according to target groups: Malaysian public, politicians, professionals, community leaders, NGO, mass media including bloggers, public living close to the NP site. Formation of PINE program Formation of Malaysian Nuclear Interest Group (MNIG).

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38 Management of the Preparatory Activities

39 NUCLEAR POWER PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT: ACHIEVEMENT IN THE 10 Dec. 2010: LAST 5 YEARS Jan. 2006: Nuclear Malaysia comprehensive paper to EPU & MOSTI for the Formulation of A Long-Term National Nuclear Energy Policy & Development Strategy 2006 Cabinet Decision to establish a Nuclear Energy Programme Implementing Organisation (NEPIO) as a Company Limited by Guarantee (CLG) under the Prime Minister 16 July 2010: Cabinet Decision to adopt a National Nuclear Policy 10 June 2010: 10 th Malaysia Plan incorporated new National Energy Policy with nuclear energy as long-term option for the Peninsula, and with need for feasibility study, human capital training & awareness campaigns. 26 June 2009: Cabinet Decision for nuclear energy to be one of fuel options for electricity supply post-2020, especially for the Peninsula, for a Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development Plan (NPIDP) to be prepared by 2012 & for the establishment of a Nuclear Power Development Steering Committee (JPPKN 10 Sept. 2008: Cabinet Decision to draft a National Nuclear Policy 29 Aug. 2008: 2009 Budget Speech in Parliament to explore nuclear energy & formulate new National Energy Policy June to 27 July 2010: National Key Economic Areas (NKEA) Laboratory developed an Entry Point Project (EPP) for nuclear power deployment under the Economic Transformation Programme (ETP). 4 Apr 2010: Economic Council decision to expedite nuclear power implementati on with first unit to be operational preferably by Oct. 2010: Launching of ETP by the Prime Minister

40 Nuclear Energy Program Implementation before December June 2009: Cabinet agreed to: Consider nuclear energy as one of the options for electricity generation post 2020 particularly in Peninsular Set up a Nuclear Power Development Steering Committee (JPPKN) To prepare Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development Plan (NPIDP) by Allocate RM 25 millions for a period of 3 years to implement activities under JPPKN. The remaining budget was transferred to NPDC.

41 Nuclear Energy Program Implementation before December 2010 (2) NP Development Steering Committee (JKPPPN) NP Project Development Working Committee NP Program Development Working Committee NP Legislative Coordination Working Committee

42 Formation of NEPIO Was officially formed on 7 January 2011 as CLG Was named as Nuclear Power Development Corp. (NPDC) Its functions are: To plan, spearhead and coordinate the implementation of nuclear energy development programme for Malaysia and to take the necessary action to realize the development of the first NPP in Malaysia To ensure the development of nuclear infrastructure for the country is in line with IAEA Guidelines covering 19 key areas To identify company or SPV to be the owner and/or operator of NPP.

43 Prime Minister Board of Trustee (6 elected members and MD) Cabinet Committee on Nuclear Energy Managing Director Nuclear Program Development Unit Nuclear Legislation & Coordination Unit Nuclear Project Development Unit Working Committee on NPP Development Working Committee on NP Legislation & Coordination Working Committee on NP project Development

44 Formation of NEPIO (2) 19 key areas: National position, nuclear safety, management, funding and financing, legislative framework, safeguard, regulatory framework, radiation protection, electrical grid, HRD, stakeholder involvement, site and supporting facilities, environmental protection, emergency planning, security and physical protection, nuclear fuel cycle, radioactive waste, industrial involvement and procurement.

45 Immediate Activities of MNPC To implement a comprehensive and effective communication plan to win public support and acceptance of NP development. To sign and rectify international instruments in order to access nuclear technology as well as local legal and regulatory development. To secure adequate budget for planned project preparatory activities. To select preferred candidate site(s) by June To appoint an international consultant via selective tendering to undertake feasibility study, prepare bid document and detailed site investigation as part of the NP infrastructure development plan by June 2011.

46

47

48

49

50

51 ROLE OF NUCLEAR MALAYSIA AS A NUCLEAR POWER TECHNICAL SUPPORT ORGANISATION (TSO) NEPIO (MNPC) NPP Owner SPV planning & implementation coordination TSO (Nuclear Malaysia) regulate National Regulators (AELB, ST, DOSH, DOE, MHLG) technical support NPP Operator SPV supply NPP Vendor Single Turnkey Contractor Vendor Country TSO Vendor Country Regulators Malaysian Industries Vendor Country Industries 51 Malaysian Educational & Training Institutions Vendor Country Educational &Training Institutions

52 Lesson Learned

53 Lesson learned and Good Practices Public Acceptance/Public Information Was not given priority previously due to government policy on NP. Public are well aware and informed about news/reports on risk associated with NP, in particular, accident in TMI and Chernobyl. There are very strong local anti-nuclear/environmental/friend of the earth groups and NGO which are linked to their international parent organizations. They are very well informed, fed with the necessary information and, to some extent, also funded by them. Have drawn up some programs on PA/PI targeted at some stakeholders and have started with some PA/PI activities. Have prepared requests for expert assistance to identify the gap and to plan for more concrete planning & program for PA/PI using NPDC budget and under IAEA TC program.

54 Lesson learned and Good Practices (2) Three common issues normally raised by public in Malaysia are related to safety and risk of the NP plant, the cost of building the plant and the issue of nuclear/radioactive wastes. There should be a clear, simple and convincing answer to these issues. PA/PI Activities: In addition to PINE program, with limited available budget, Malaysian Nuclear Agency carries out the following activities: Series of briefings on NP to school children and teacher trainees Taking part in public forums, social gatherings and state and community level exhibitions Publication and distribution of pamphlets, brochures and FAQ on NP. Training for nuclear communicators and personnel of the Information Department Special advertisement and jingle on TVs I Love Nuclear campaign.

55 Lesson learned and Good Practices (3) Human Resource Development Planning started early in the 80 s but its priority was changed due to government policy on NP. Programs on educations and trainings were reoriented more toward non-power sectors and qualified and trained personnel were redeployed. Recruitment of new staff was halted and delayed. Very serious shortage of qualified and experienced staff to look after the commencement of the project (NEPIO, TSO and Regulatory Authority). Some well trained and experienced personnel are retiring/leaving the organizations. Already make arrangement with a local university to start with a nuclear engineering program at MSc level. A number are sent overseas for a similar course. Already prepared a request for an expert service to help in identification of present capability and in carrying out gap analysis for HRD to meet IAEA recommendations, in particular, the requirement for craftsmen, technicians and engineers.

56 Lesson learned and Good Practices (4) Local Industry participation Local industry capability survey and development of database Last survey was done in the 80 s Some local industries have experience in the construction/building of some mega projects e.g. oil and gas production facilities, refinery and processing plants, ship buildings, high-rise buildings (including the twin towers), new ports and airports, bridges (Penang bridge, Singapore second bridge, Penang second bridge, LRTs, etc). Will be carried out by NPDC with assistance of TSO and FMM.

57 Lesson learned and Good Practices (5) Site Acquisition The first site survey was done in 1979 and later in A number of potential sites that meet the criteria for a NP plant were identified but were not proceeded to keep due to government policy on NP. Potential sites for NP (located in costal areas) are in stiff competition with usage of the sites/areas for other purposes (development projects for new townships, ports, recreational and tourism). Sites need to be preserved (alienated and gazatted) or purchased for NP; otherwise they are lost to other development projects over time. In Malaysia, land is a State matter and there is a need to resolve this issue between the Federal and the State Governments. A preliminary site survey was carried out by TNB with the assistance of a consultant from Korea recently and as expected a few potential sites which were identified in the earlier surveys were already lost to other development projects. A plan is already established by TNB to proceed with the formal site survey and site selection process.

58 Thank you