Solar Resource & Radiometry Tasks in Antofagasta

Transcription

1 Solar Resource & Radiometry Tasks in Antofagasta, Ph.D. Mauricio Trigo, Mg. Tania Varas, Mg. Antofagasta, January 14nd, 2015

2 Index Introduction to Solar Radiation Measurements Climates and Solar Resource in Región de Antofagasta Tasks of the CDEA Radiometry Area 2/15

3 Introduction to Solar Radiation Measurements

4 Why Measure Solar Radiation? Radiation measurements are used for the following purposes: (a) To analyze the properties and distribution of the atmosphere with regard to its constituents; (b) To verify satellite radiation measurements and algorithms; (c) To satisfy the needs of biological, medical, agricultural, architectural and industrial activities with respect to radiation; (d) To know the solar resource for solar technologies Why is exact knowledge of the solar resource so important for solar technologies? -> High impact of the annual irradiation on the LEC (Levelized Electricity Costs) -> Irradiation is a crucial parameter for site selection and plant design and economics of plant 4/15

5 Solar Irradiance and Atmosphere Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) Diffuse Horizontal Irradiance (DHI) Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) Relationship between the three components: GHI DHI DNI cossza Units: [W m -2 ] or [W m -2 nm -1 ] 5/15

6 Climates and Solar Resource in Región de Antofagasta

7 Climates of Región de Antofagasta * Climate Height Annual T mean Rainfall min max d Cloudy Desert > 0 m 13 C 22 C ±7 C 1.7 mm Normal Desert > 1000 m 8 C 21 C ±25 C 3.1 mm High Desert* > 2000 m 5 C 24 C ±20 C 5.6 mm High Steppe * > 3000 m 5 C 24 C ±20 C 68 mm * South American Monsoon (Austral Summer) 7/15

8 Cloudiness in the Región de Antofagasta Antofagasta PSDA Calama San Pedro de Atacama [Ministerio de Energía 2011] 8/15

9 Irradiation in Región de Antofagasta Antofagasta 2120 kwh/m 2 yr PSDA 2500 kwh/m 2 yr Calama 2630 kwh/m 2 yr San Pedro de Atacama 2610 kwh/m 2 yr [Ministerio de Energía 2011] 9/15

10 Antofagasta in the Global Solar Resource Map Atacama Desert >2 500 kwh/m 2 (GHI) >3 000 sunshine hours per year 10/15

11 Tasks of the CDEA radiometry area

12 Present of CDEA Radiometry Area Handling and maintenance of radiometric instrumentation Validation and calibration of instrumentation. Comparison of ground measurements data against models derived from satellite data. SOILING: Dust impact on optical properties (DLR) Measurement of the atmospheric attenuation in solar thermal tower plant (PSA-CIEMAT & UAL) 12/15

13 Outlook of CDEA Radiometry Area Solar Spectral Irradiance measurement campaign (SERC, USACH) Solar resource assessment at high altitudes for supplying power to astronomical observatories Direct Solar Spectral Irradiance [W/m 2 nm] Spec2-a Test [nm] Surface temperature and radiative flux for CSP technologies Provide support for the different research areas 13/15

14 If you want to walk fast, walk alone, if you want to walk far, walk together! African Proverb

15 Thank you for your attention, CDEA-UA Mauricio Trigo Tania Varas Antofagasta, January 14nd, 2015

16 References Pitz-Paal, R., Geuder, N., Hoyer-Klick, C., Schillings, C., How to get bankable meteo data? DLR solar resource assessment. Wilbert, S. "Determination of Circumsolar Radiation and its Effect on Concentrating Solar Power. Ph.D. Thesis. Rheinisch Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, DLR, Print. Ministerio de Energía, Gobierno de Chile, Explorador de Energía Solar NASA ;2014. GeoModel ;2014. Wolfertstetter, F., Reflector Soiling and Cleaning SFERA Summer School Hornberg, May 15th 16th. World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation. 7th ed. Geneva (Switzerland): Chairperson, Publications Board, Ballestrín J, Marzo A. Solar radiation attenuation in solar tower plants. Solar Energy 2012;86: Alxneit I. Measuring temperatures in a high concentration solar simulator Demonstration of the principle. Solar Energy 2011;85: Marzo A, Ballestrín J, Barbero J, Cañadas I, Rodríguez J. Solar blind pyrometry not relying on atmospheric absorption bands. Solar Energy 2014;107: Ballestrín J, Marzo A, Cañadas I, Rodríguez J. Testing a solar-blind pyrometer. Metrologia 2010;47: /15