FAUPE 2015: New methods to improve Nitrogen- Use-Efficiency and tolerance to drought

Transcription

1 Institut for Plante og Miljøvidenskab Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences FAUPE 2015: New methods to improve Nitrogen- Use-Efficiency and tolerance to drought It should be easier than this!! Test and development of new sensor technologies and development of new selection strategies for plant breeding

2 Development of fast screening techniques in greenhouse, semi-field and field Field: Canopy Biomass screening FAUPE v.1 Greenhouse Root method testing Physiological Characterisation Field: Soil Root screening Berni et al., 2009

3 FAUPE Field Work 2015 Simon Fiil Svane Jesper Svensgaard Kristian Thorup-Kristensen Svend Kristensen Thomas Georg Roitsch Dominik Grosskinsky Jesper Cairo Westergaard

4 2014 Experiments Small Pilot experiment with two spring barley cultivars 3 Nitrogen levels

5 Measurements Cultivars / 3 N levels Canopy Phenotyping Root Phenotyping

6 Measurements Cultivars / 2 N levels Enhedens navn

7 Phenotyping Cultivars / 2 N levels Growth rates, NUE, drought/stress tollerance, biomass variation Early vigour, hardiness competition, tillering Drought/stress tolerance, root depth, scenescense, NUE Germination, homogenity

8 Phenotyping Cultivars / 2 N levels Growth rates, NUE, drought/stress tollerance - Coverage - NDVI (VI s) - Green indices - Thermal imaging Early vigour, competition, tillering Germination, homogenity, hardiness versus - Visual phenotyping Drought/stress tolerance, root depth, scenescense, NUE

9 Logarithmic spray of Nitrogen Cultivars Enhedens navn

10 Response (%) Enhedens navn Logarithmic spray of Nitrogen Cultivars Nitrogen dose (log)

11 Test imaging under controlled environment Enhedens navn

12 FAUPE ICT Coverage VI Vigour Biomass accumulation 10 0,8 8 0,7

13 2015 FAUPE Field activities sum up 3 field trials with barley, winterwheat and grasses Root phenotyping using belowground minirhizotron imaging. Field test of soil sensor technologies to detect root activity at different soil depths Quantifying aboveground biomass and nitrogen uptake by canopy imaging (The phenofield box and Drones ) Sensing drought stress symptoms by multispectral and thermal canopy imaging (drones and tractor set-up) Physiological characterization of the spring barley genotypes in the Phenolab facility under drought stress conditions

14 Development of new root camera 2014 Test of multispectral imaging using the Videometer system and software Normal RGB Picture Multispectral Picture Binary Picture

15 Development of new root camera 2015 Monospectral minirhizotron Mock-up version from Videometer have been tested Next: Multispectral prototype development. Possible test in the FAUPE 2015 field experiment. Test 2014

16 Sensing Root Activity 2014 Different technologies were tested in greenhouse Simple algorithm was developed detecting day/night signal Potential for the use of cheap sensor technology.

17 Sensing root activity 2015 Two Cheap technologies will be tested in the field Parrot Bluetooth Sensor Data collected by smartphone IMKO Profile system Sted og dato Dias 17

18 FAUPE and RadiMax Strong link between FAUPE and RadiMax FAUPE provides RadiMax with valuable field data Soil moisture Sensors, Root and Canopy imaging will be included and tested in FAUPE experiments Test of RadiMax irrigation Concept Winter-spring 2015

19 Test of simple and fast root methods for greenhouse screenings Nanna Karkov Ytting Eric van der Graaff Kristian Thorup-Kristensen

20 Content Objectives Experiments 2014 Activities 2015 Perspectives on implementing the methods at the breeders in 2016

21 Objectives Develop root screening methods to be used locally at breeders Effective Fast 2014: Test a range of potential methods 2015: Compare the most promesing methods

22 Objectives of 2014 Test methods Do the methods work? Cultivar differences Duration of differences Variation within cultivars

23 Methods tested in 2014 Speed of root emergence at the bottom of the tube rhizotrons Root activity in deep soil measured by herbicide placement in depth Air-gap in soil profile Root activity in deep soil measured by 15 N injection in depth Root density measured by placing a cone inside the tube 15 N

24 Results from 2014 Enhedens navn

25 Results from 2014 Simple improvement using cones

26 Objectives of 2015: Compare the most promesing methods Speed Cultivar differences Duration of differences Variation within cultivars

27 Methods to be compared in 2015 Depth of deepest root observed at the tube rhizotron surface Speed of root emergence at the bottom of the tube rhizotrons Root density measured conventionally Root density measured by placing a cone inside the tube Root activity in deep soil measured by herbicide placement in depth Root activity in deep soil measured by 15 N injection in depth Root activity in the form of soil water use measured with soil water sensors 15 N

28 Perspectives of implementing the methods at the breeders in 2016 Deep herbicide placement e.g. in a box. Experiments 2015 will show which methods best suited for implantation at the breeders.