Copyright Advanced Viticulture, Inc.
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2 Pressure bomb Real-time Soil Moisture + PB + Porometer P. Bomb + ET Soil Moisture +PB + Porometer P. Bomb + Porometer
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4 Determine Site Characteristics Rooting Depth Soil Type Install Soil Moisture Sensors to: Determine ideal volume Determine nominal interval Monitor Continuous soil moisture profile Plant water status Check against target levels Soil Moisture Plant water status Adjust Interval Volume
5 Light Textured and/or gravelly Heavy Textured Shallow (< 24 ) Deep (>36 ) Very Low Vol. & Very Frequent Low Vol. & Frequent Moderate Vol. & Frequent High Volume & Infrequent Hillsides Valley Floor
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9 Depths are approximate (cm)
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15 Soil matric potential sensors Soil water content sensors & probes
16 Based on the Sentek / C-probe Water content based on capacitance sensors 6 sensors per probe 4 to 8 depth intervals depending upon length Available in 32 to 60 lengths Advantages over predecessors: Thinner diameter easier to install Epoxy-filled for durability and less thermal noise Very clean signal
17 Relative permittivity of water is About 80x that of air Copyright Advanced Viticulture, Inc.
18 Volumetric Matric Potential Advantages Available in multi-level Easy to interpret patterns Can sum or average over soil profile True physical measurement Does not require calibration Disadvantages Very difficult to calibrate Therefore, not a physical measurement Discrete sensors not available in multi-level Measures only the wetter portion of SM Cannot sum over soil profile
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23 Stair-steps indicate day/night water pattern Copyright Advanced Viticulture, Inc.
24 Upper limit of RAW Lower limit of RAW Progressive stress reflected in slope Set a reference volume for refill point
25 emitter 18 in 9 in 0 in
26 0 in 9 in 18 in 12 in 24 in 36 in
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32 Yolo Silt Loam (deep) Arbuckle Gravelly Sandy Loam Pleasanton Gravelly Loam Zamora Silty Clay Loam Arbuckle Gravelly Loam Cortina Very Gravelly Loam Yolo Sandy Loam Yolo Sandy Loam w/ gravel Copyright Advanced Viticulture, Inc. Gallons/Vine Inches ETc Inches % ETc 5% 13% 15% 5% 7% 34% 18% 40%
33 Porometer Pressure Chamber
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36 What are stomata? Copyright Advanced Viticulture, Inc.
37 Suzy Y. Rogiers*, Dennis H. Greer, Ron J. Hutton and Joe J. Landsberg Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 60, No. 13, pp , 2009 Copyright Advanced Viticulture, Inc.
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39 Units are in mmol/m 2 /s Luxury Mid-Range Slight Mod. Stress Stress Stress Extreme Stress Target Range for White varieties Target Range for Red varieties
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45 Sandy loam to 21" over abrupt boundary change to sand to 41" over abrupt coarser unconsolidated sand and gravel. Wetting zone is not welldefined, but width of wetting zone is 26" deep observed 12" from dripper. Roots to 40".
46 Very gravelly. Loosely consolidated loam with large pores. Strong stratification to coarse gravel at 23". Wetted bulb down to 23" deep and 21" wide at 10" from emitter drop. Gravel to at least 48". Prolific rooting in mid row to 34". Copyright Advanced Viticulture, Inc.
47 Extremely uniform silt loam throughout profile. Roots to 36". Wetting from irrigation is widespread to at least 36" deep and 22" away from emitter (radius not diam). Copyright Advanced Viticulture, Inc.
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