The Regional Situation for Short Sea Shipping

Transcription

1 Regional Report Hordaland The Regional Situation for Short Sea Shipping Report No. R - HRD - 0 Revision No. 0 January, 200

2 Report Rev : 0 Hordaland County Page : i of iii Review report The regional situation for shortsea shipping Hordaland County, Norway LMG Marin AS Ivan Østvik Elisabeth Steckmest A review of the regional situation for shortsea shipping in Hordaland County in Norway is provided in this paper, which is part of the Interreg III B Northern Maritime Corridor (NMC) project. The paper presents the different transport corridors to/from Hordaland. It deals with the type and volume of cargo by different modes of transport and the origin and destination of these. The paper further describes the different ports in the Hordaland County. The paper conducts a SWOT analysis of Short Sea Shipping, which leads to complementary comments as a conclusion. Indexing terms: shortsea shipping, Hordaland county, ship routes, ships capacities, cargo flows, SWOT analysis. Report No.: Date of first issue:.0.0 Revision No.: 0 Date last revision:.0.0 Work carried out by: Work verified by: Ivan Østvik

3 Report Rev : 0 Hordaland County Page : ii of iii CONTENTS CONTENTS II. INTRODUCTION THE NORTHERN MARITIME CORRIDOR....2 THE INTERREG III B NMC PROJECT OBJECTIVES OF THIS PAPER TRANSPORT CORRIDORS DESCRIPTION OF TRANSPORT CORRIDORS ROAD TRANSPORTATION RAIL TRANSPORTATION AIR TRANSPORTATION SEA TRANSPORTATION AVAILABLE CAPACITY ROAD TRANSPORTATION RAIL TRANSPORTATION AIR TRANSPORTATION SEA TRANSPORTATION 9 2. RESTRICTIONS IN COMBINING GOODS LIST OF MAJOR TRANSPORT COMPANIES.... EXPORT CARGO FLOWS TYPE AND VOLUME OF GOODS BY DIFFERENT MODES OF TRANSPORT OVERVIEW 2..2 ROAD TRANSPORT.. RAILWAY TRANSPORT..4 AIR TRANSPORT..5 SEA TRANSPORT 4.2 ORIGIN - DESTINATION MATRIX LIST OF MAJOR GOODS OWNERS PORTS AND SERVICES SERVICES AVAILABLE IN THE PORTS LIST OF MAJOR COMPANIES INVOLVED IN THE PORTS PRELIMINARY SWOT ANALYSIS ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT THE TRANSPORT CHAIN TRANSPORT TIME TRANSPORT COST REGULARITY AND RELIABILITY OF TRANSPORT SUMMARY OF INTERNAL STRENGTH AND WEAKNESSES 22

4 Report Rev : 0 Hordaland County Page : iii of iii 5.2 ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT REMOTE ENVIRONMENT THE OPERATING ENVIRONMENT INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT SUMMARY OF EXTERNAL OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS DISCUSSION ON THE SWOT RESULTS SUPPLEMENTARY COMMENTS REFERENCES APPENDIX A: DESCRIPTION OF THE SIX NMD STRANDS SUPERVISORY AND SUPPORTIVE STRANDS STRAND : REGIONAL MARITIME CLUSTERS STRAND 6: MANAGEMENT AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE THEMATIC STRANDS STRAND 2: PROMOTION OF SSS AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SERVICES IN THE NMC STRAND : SEAFOOD TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS 8.2. STRAND 4: MARITIME TRANSPORT IN THE PETROLEUM SECTOR STRAND 5: DEVELOPMENT OF A SUSTAINABLE NMC 4 9. APPENDIX B: PORTS AND THEIR SERVICES IN HORDALAND COUNTY 4 0. APPENDIX C: LIST OF OWNERS OF EXPORT GOODS

5 Hordaland County Page : of 48. INTRODUCTION This paper is part of the Interreg III B Northern Maritime Corridor (NMC) project and concerns The regional situation for shortsea shipping - Strand 2Ra of the project for Hordaland County in Norway. Section provides an introduction to the project. Section 2 presents the different transport corridors to/from Hordaland and Section deals with the type and volume of cargo by different modes of transport and the origin and destination of these. Section 4 describes the different ports in the Hordaland County. In Section 5 a SWOT analysis of Short Sea Shipping is conducted. Section 6 provides complementary comments as a conclusion.. THE NORTHERN MARITIME CORRIDOR The Northern Maritime Corridor (NMC) is a maritime transport concept focusing on the transportation of goods within the North Sea region, and connecting the North Sea with the Northern Periphery, which includes the Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea. The NMC Interreg III B project has been funded by the European Commission and aims to develop efficient and sustainable maritime transport solutions connecting both the coastal regions bordering the North Sea basin with industrial development in the Northern Periphery. The project lead partners are the regional authorities of Rogaland County Council, Aberdeenshire Council, Amsterdam Port Authority, Groeningen Seaports, Provincie West- Vlaanderen, the City of Cuxhaven, Vest-Agder County Council, Sogn and Fjordane County Council, Møre og Romsdal County Council, Sør-Trøndelag County Council and Hordaland County Council. The associate partners are the Institute of Shipping Economics and Logistics (ISL), Westlink, Hanstholm Port Authority, NorSea and Statoil. Regional maritime clusters have been established amongst companies/organisations that are interested in the project and who can contribute knowledge, experience and finance to the project. Predicted direct outcomes from the NMC project is tailor-made strategies and action plans developed and agreed upon by established and well functioning maritime clusters regarding the promotion of SSS and the creation of new services in the corridor, new concepts of seafood transport and logistics, maritime transport concepts in the petroleum sector investigating the present situation in the North Sea and future possibilities in the Barents region, and the implementation and harmonising of risk management strategies to secure the sustainability and safety of the NMC. The NMC project aims in a long term perspective to contribute to a shift from road to sea transportation and thereby to reduce the pressure on the European transport networks, by the transference of goods from truck to ship. Improvement of the efficiency of intermodal

6 Hordaland County Page : 2 of 48 transportation systems, and thereby increasing the competitiveness of the industries in the region will be contributing to regional development in the north. Implementation of the results from the NMC project into national policy documents will be one of the indicators of the project s success, and the established contact with the state reference group will make the fulfilment of this goal easier. The present situation, with congestion of European roads and pollution from emissions, represents major challenges for the European society. Globalisation and increased trade will make this challenge even more urgent, and for the industries in coastal regions surrounding the North Sea this situation can become a serious threat. Up to now Short Sea Shipping (SSS) has lost market share with regard to freight transport between regions in northern Europe, and is in many cases today not competitive with road haulage. The NMC is thus important in this context, connecting the resources of the north to the markets and consumers in the south..2 THE INTERREG III B NMC PROJECT The Interreg III B NMC project includes a wide range of different regional and transnational activities where all activities, those labelled regional and those labelled transnational, have a transnational perspective. Regional activities, however, focus on the relation between one specific region and the North Sea Region, while transnational activities focus on the overall situation in the North Sea Region. The project is divided into six different strands in order to accommodate the regional and transnational strands, which are described in Appendix A.. OBJECTIVES OF THIS PAPER This paper focuses on the initial objective of Strand 2 (2 Ra) within the Hordaland County in Norway, which reads: Make a brief description of the regional situation for Short Sea Shipping services (transport corridors, frequencies, timetables and the type and volume of goods by different services) and the services of the ports. This objective is covered in the following sections of this paper.

7 Hordaland County Page : of TRANSPORT CORRIDORS The transport corridors to and from Hordaland County are described in this section. Road, rail, air and sea transport and their available capacity and restrictions in combining goods are described and in the end major transport companies are listed. Hordaland County is situated on the west coast of Norway, in the north-western part of Europe, with direct access to the North Sea. The county is cut up by fjords, so that no place in the county is more than 50 km away from the nearest fjord, and access to the sea. The county has good transport corridors with access to major Norwegian cities by road, access to Oslo by rail, access to major cities by air and access to Norwegian and foreign ports by sea. An overview of Hordaland County and its location in Europe is illustrated in Figure. Bergen is the main port in Hordaland County and it has been developed to an intermodal hub with connections to road, rail and air. The Port of Bergen is part of a larger co-operation between ports between Os in the south and Mongstad in the north, which covers most of the Hordaland County. The key data for Bergen Port in 200 is: ship calls..8 million tons loaded/unloaded TEUs loaded/unloaded m trailers loaded/unloaded tons seafood loaded/unloaded. The Port of Bergen and the Coast Centre Base (CCB) are both under development in order to prepare for the future. The market strategy is to improve services for ro-ro/ro-pax vessels making ramps available for a quick turnaround of ships. A new terminal for passenger and goods handling is being built in the Port of Bergen. The current crane coverage is considered to be sufficient for the size and type of container vessels visiting the ports in Hordaland.

8 Hordaland County Page : 4 of 48 Figure : Map of Hordaland County

9 Hordaland County Page : 5 of DESCRIPTION OF TRANSPORT CORRIDORS 2.. ROAD TRANSPORTATION Bergen, the main city in Hordaland, is situated approximately 500 km from Oslo, where ferries leave for Denmark and Germany every day. It is also possible to continue eastwards from Oslo to Gothenburg or Malmø, in Sweden, and go by ferry from there to the continent or across the Øresund Bridge to Copenhagen. Some traffic goes directly from Hordaland to Kristiansand (460 km) or to Larvik (456 km) and further to the north of Denmark with ferry. Some traffic utilises the direct ferry link from Bergen to Hanstholm, Denmark or Newcastle, UK on the way to the Continent/UK. The ro-ro/ro-pax ferry routes, and their time utilisation and frequency, a truck may use to get from Hordaland to the continent are shown in Table. The road from Bergen to Oslo, or Norwegian roads in general, can not be compared with continental highways such as the autobahn in Germany or the French autoroute. From Hordaland the routes climb on rather narrow, and sometimes steep, roads. During winter, the mountain crossings can be closed for shorter periods in extreme weather conditions. Still, these routes are much used for road transport. The maximum speed limit in Norway is 90 km/h on highways, but for large parts of the roads out of Hordaland there are speed limits of km/h. The trailers lengths are limited to maximum 8 meters. The truck companies in Hordaland and their capacity are listed in Table 4 in Section 2.4. Table : Selected ferry routes from Norway/Sweden to the Continent/UK Route Company Ships Frequency Time Ship type From Norway Bergen - Hanstholm Fjord Line Bergen /Week 6 Hours Ro-Pax Bergen - Newcastle Fjord Line Jupiter /Week 22 Hours Ro-Pax Kristiansand Hirtshals Color Line Christian IV -4/Day 4 Hours Ro-Pax Kristiansand - Newacstle DFDS Princess of Scandinavia 2/Week 25 Hours Ro-Pax Larvik - Fredrikshavn Color Line Petter Wessel and Skagen 2/Day 5 Hours Ro-Pax Oslo - Fredrikshavn Stena Stena Saga /Day 9 Hours Ro-Pax Oslo - Hirtshals Color Line Color Festival /Day 2 Hours Ro-Pax Oslo Kiel Color Line Prinsesse Ragnhild and Kronprins Harald /Day 9 Hours Ro-Pax Oslo Copenhagen DFDS Pearl of /Day 8 hours Ro-Pax MS Bergen will be replaced in April 200 with a ship doubling the capacity on this route.

10 Hordaland County Page : 6 of 48 Scandinavia Brevik/Kristiansand Immingham Tor Line ship NA 2/Week 4/26 Hours Ro-Ro Brevik Ghent Tor Line ship NA /week NA Ro-Ro From Sweden Gothenburg Immingham Tor Line ships NA 7/Week 26 Hours Ro-Ro Gothenburg Harwich Tor Line ship NA 2/Week 6 hours Ro-Ro Gothenburg - Ghent Tor Line ships NA 6/Week 9 hours Ro-Ro Gothenburg - Kiel Stena Stena Scandinavia and Stena Germanica /Day 4 Hours Ro-Pax Gothenburg- Fredrikshavn Stena Stena Jutlandica and Stena Danica 4-6/days hours Ro-Pax 2..2 RAIL TRANSPORTATION There are four dedicated cargo trains carrying containers out of Bergen every weekday, which are operated by CargoNet. of these trains are destined for Alnabru, a logistics centre outside Oslo and train is destined for Drammen, a rail station hub for shipments from the Grenland area to the Continent/UK. The main customers are Tollpost, Linjegods, Nor-Cargo, Danzas, Cargo Partner and Posten. There is currently work being done to upgrade the line between Oslo and Bergen in order for the trains to carry road trailers. The rail line is prolonged from the main rail station in Bergen to the port quayside for containers to be loaded directly from the ship and onto the train and vice versa. 2.. AIR TRANSPORTATION Bergen Airport, Flesland, has direct routes to most Norwegian cities and to major European hubs, such as Amsterdam, Copenhagen and London, with onwards connections all over the world. Some fish exporters in Hordaland are known to use chartered planes to reach markets in Asia and Japan, but this transport has mainly been from the Oslo airport where seafood has been transported by truck from Hordaland to Oslo airport. Transportation of seafood, by air, is seldom used from Norway to continental Europe due to high costs and limited time savings. There is also a small airport at the island of Stord, which is used only for passenger transport. There are discussions around improving/updating an airport in the Bergen/Haugesund area in order to accommodate seafood transport, as the current load limit at these airports is considered insufficient.

11 Hordaland County Page : 7 of SEA TRANSPORTATION A description of the situation for shortsea shipping in Hordaland is provided in this section. Even though the transportation of oil is an important part of the waterborne transportation to and from the County, this is omitted from this report. There are two reasons for this: ) Strand 4 is entirely dedicated to Maritime Transportation in the Petroleum Sector. Omitting the subject here does not mean that it will not be covered. 2) The transportation of oil is very specialized. It is concentrated around two ports; Mongstad and Sture. The vessels used for the transportation of oil are built for this sole purpose and cannot carry other goods. Table 2 illustrates routes served, the frequencies, duration of the crossing, type of ship and the broker or agent currently responsible for the route. This provides an overview of the sea transport utilised for export from Hordaland County as of January 200. It should be noted that the routes and ships are subject to alterations. Table 2: Overview of ship routes to/from ports in Hordaland Route Frequency Time Ship name Operator Bergen - Egersund - Hanstholm /Week 6 Hrs Bergen Fjord Line (Bergen) - Egersund - Hanstholm 4/Week 8 hrs Lygra Fjord Line Bergen - Stavanger - Newcastle 2/Week 26 Hrs Jupiter Fjord Line Hirtshals Oslo Kristiansand Tananger - Bergen Ålesund Tromsø - Hammerfest / Weeks 5 days Nordfjell Nordskott Karmsund Sundmøre Nor-Cargo Copenhagen - Bergen - Steinkjer / Weeks 5 days Nor-Cargo Odda - Bergen Haugesund Tananager Larvik Fredrikstad Moss Grenå Copenhagen - Halmstad / 2 Week 7 days Tananger Nor-Cargo Bergen Tananager Lyngdal Kristiansand Drammen - Szczecin - Rostock /2 Weeks 4 Days Nordvåg Nor-Cargo Bergen - Grimsby London Tananger Bergen - Trondheim / 2 Week 2 Days SC Baltic Sea-Cargo Bergen - Tananger Grimsby Amsterdam Tananger /Week 2 Days Cometa Sea-Cargo Bergen Tananager Grimsby Amsterdam Grimsby - Tananger / Week 2 Days Trans Carrier Sea-Cargo Bergen Haugesund Tananager Aberdeen Tananger Haugesund 2/Week 2 Days SC Aberdeen Sea-Cargo

12 Hordaland County Page : 8 of 48 Måløy - Bergen - Rotterdam /Week 2 Days Andra NCL Ålesund Bergen Hamburg - Bremerhafen /Week 2 Days Tina NCL Ålesund - Bergen - Bremerhaven /Week 2 Days Concordia Maersk Rhin - Bergen Trondheim - Rhin 2 /Week 5 days - Wilson Husnes - Amsterdam /Week 2 Days Mini Star Wilson Hamburg/Bremerhafen/Rotterdam Fusa J Martens Bergen Måløy - Ålesund /Week 2 Days Amisia Hamburg Bremerhafen Stavanger Hanne Haugesund Bergen Ålesund /Week 2 Days Kristine (agent) J Martens (agent) The column marked routes shows the routes served. The column marked frequency shows how often the line is served. Time shows the approximate time needed to go from Bergen to the first destination in the UK or on the Continent. 2.2 AVAILABLE CAPACITY 2.2. ROAD TRANSPORTATION There are several road transport companies based in Hordaland and Table 4 in Section 2.4 provides an overview of the number of cars they have. If needed, most companies are also willing to rent trucks from others to cover the demand. Additionally, trucks from other Norwegian regions and foreign countries pick up seafood export in Hordaland. Provided the demand is present it is an unlimited capacity of trucks available for the seafood cargo owners. Currently, there is an imbalance between import and export goods to and from Hordaland with spare capacity for export goods RAIL TRANSPORTATION There are four trains carrying cargo leaving from Bergen Monday to Friday. Each of these trains can carry a maximum of 48 5-tons containers and a weekly capacity of 80 containers. The cargo trains have facilities to carry frozen goods. Some seafood is transported on the railway from Bergen to Oslo and further on the railway to Sweden/Denmark/Baltic. The average weight of each container in 200 was 2 tons AIR TRANSPORTATION Air transportation is available from Bergen airport, but is little used for cargo export due to the restrictions on maximum load capacity on planes at the airport. 2 This line is served by several ships, which mainly carry northbound cargo.

13 Hordaland County Page : 9 of SEA TRANSPORTATION Table provides an overview of the available capacity on the ships outlined in Table 2, which call at ports in Hordaland. Table : Ships and their capacities calling at ports in Hordaland Operator Ship type Ship Capacities Lane meters (m) Deck area (m 2 ) Cars (no) Trailers (no) Fjord Line Ro-pax MS Bergen Fjord Line Ro-ro MS Lygra Fjord Line Ro-pax MS Jupiter Reefer Plugs (no) Nor-Cargo Ro-ro / Nordfjell/ container Nordskott Nor-Cargo Side port / Karmsund container Nor-Cargo Side port / Sunnmøre container Nor-Cargo Ro-ro / Tananger container Nor-Cargo Ro-ro / Nordvåg 4 48 container Sea-Cargo Ro-ro / Trans container Carrier Sea-Cargo Ro-ro / Aberdeen container Sea-Cargo Side port / SC Baltic 2266 container Sea-Cargo Ro-ro / Cometa container NCL Container Andra NCL Container Tina Maersk Container Concordia 55 Wilson Ro-ro / Mini Star container J. Martens Container Amisia J. Martens Container Hanne Kristine TEU (no)

14 Hordaland County Page : 0 of RESTRICTIONS IN COMBINING GOODS There are specific Norwegian laws and regulations concerning the treatment and storage of goods: Laws for quality control of fish and seafood articles are provided by the Directory of Fisheries dealing with aspects such as handling, processing, storage, transport, packing, etc. Regulations for carrying dangerous goods can be found in The Norwegian Maritime Directorate s Rules for passenger and cargo ships, etc Frozen goods require an unbroken freezing period during transport and it is not recommended to mix one type of frozen goods with another. Dangerous cargo must be freighted separately and special requirements apply. There are no special restrictions on mixing containers with different contents onboard a ship, but it is not common to mix the contents of a container.

15 Hordaland County Page : of LIST OF MAJOR TRANSPORT COMPANIES Table 4: List of major transport companies in Hordaland County Company City Phone (+47) Comment All Trans Voss NA NA Bergen Cargo Bergen NA Shipping BTS-Bergen Transport & Spedisjon Bergen as-bts.no 9 cars Cargo International Bergen NA Spedition Danzas ASG Eurocargo Øvre Ervik Danzasasq.com 2 cars Fjord Line Bergen Fjordline.no Shipping Frans Maas Norge Bergen NA 2 cars Grieg Logistics Bergen Grieg.no Spedition Haukedal Transport & Spedisjon Flaktveit Haukedal.no 0 cars Helge Kristoffersen Blomsterdalen NA 2 cars Kysten Bergen Bergen NA 2 cars Linjegods Bergen Linjegods.no 45 cars Martens J Bergen Martens.no Spedition Nettlast Bergen NA 2 cars Nor-Cargo Bergen Norcargo.no 20 cars Nordland E Transport Brattholmen NA 7 cars Nordhordaland Transportkontor Isdalstø Nhtrans.no 5 cars North Sea Container Line Haugesund Ncl.no Shipping NSB Bergen Nsb.no Train Nytveit Bergen NA 0 Næss Rune Transport Godvik Rune.no 8 cars Royal Transport Fyllingsdalen Royaltransport.no 0 cars Sea-Cargo Agencies Bergen Sea-cargo.no Shipping Skaartrans Loddefjord Skaartrans.no 20 cars Tollpost Globe Bergen Tollpost.no NA Wilson Eurocarriers Bergen Wilsonship.no Shipping

16 Hordaland County Page : 2 of 48. EXPORT CARGO FLOWS This section aims to present the statistics on export cargo volumes from Hordaland County by mode of transportation. This section presents the current status and notifies where more work is needed in order to complete the data.. TYPE AND VOLUME OF GOODS BY DIFFERENT MODES OF TRANSPORT.. OVERVIEW The most important cargo loaded and unloaded in Norway, measured in tons, is wet bulk. A total of 8.5 million tons of goods were produced and exported from Hordaland, as illustrated for 2000 in Table 5 and for 200 in Table 6. However, if the oil-related products and raw materials, which are shipped with specialist ship tonnage, are omitted from the statistic the total volume of goods exported is approximate million tons. Table 5: Export from Hordaland County in 2000 by transport mode Commodity in 2000 (in tons) Ship Ferry Rail Road Plane Other Total Food, live animals Beverages and tobacco Raw materials, non-edible Mineral fuels, lubricates Animal/vegetable oils and fat Chemicals Manufactured goods Machinery, transport equipment Misc. manufactured goods Miscellaneous goods Total

17 Hordaland County Page : of 48 Table 6: Export from Hordaland County in 2002 by transport mode Commodity in 2002 (in tons) Ship Ferry Rail Road Plane Other Total Food, live animals Beverages and tobacco Raw materials, non-edible Mineral fuels, lubricates Animal/vegetable oils and fat Chemicals Manufactured goods Machinery, transport equipment Misc. manufactured goods Miscellaneous goods Total ROAD TRANSPORT The current statistics for road transport of export goods only register the trucks when crossing the border to Sweden, Finland and Russia. In 200, trucks carrying tons of export cargo was transported across the Norwegian land border. From Table 6 it can be seen that the ferry mode transported tons and the road mode tons of export cargo originating from Hordaland. It is assumed that most of the ferry mode export cargo is transported by trucks/trailers. Combining the road and ferry modes there is an average cargo flow of near.000 tons per week being exported from Hordaland. Assuming an average weight of 20 tons per truck, this is 50 trucks per week... RAILWAY TRANSPORT The railway between Bergen and Oslo freighted in /40 foot containers both ways. The average weight per container was in 2002 approximate 2 tons making the cargo volume freighted both ways on this railway 0.8 mill tons. From Table 6 it can be assumed that only 50 tons of the cargo transported on the railway was further exported from Oslo...4 AIR TRANSPORT The cargo transport conducted by air transport, in form of volume, is negligible. Air transport of export cargo from Hordaland County is mainly conducted through Oslo Airport. Numbers have been requested from Statistics Norway on the cargo volumes originating from Hordaland County from this truck transport across the land border.

18 Hordaland County Page : 4 of 48 In 2000, Bergen airport transported 565 tons of goods on domestic and international routes. There are no statistics available on the cargo volumes for export. Similarly, Oslo airport transported tons on domestic and international routes in 2000 without further specification on export volumes. From Table 6 it can be assumed that Oslo airport exported.000 tons of cargo originating from Hordaland...5 SEA TRANSPORT Table 6 provides an overview of the sea transport for export cargo and when bulk cargo (raw material, fuel, oil, chemicals, etc.) is extracted, tons remain which has a potential for unit load transport. Table 7 provides an overview of the official statistics from the Port of Bergen for unit-load cargo types exported from Hordaland County in 200, excluding wet and dry bulk cargo. Table 7: Unit-load cargo exported from Hordaland County in 200, excluding wet and dry bulk cargo Cargo types Inner harbours in Port of Bergen Outer harbours in Port of Bergen Containers Containers Trucks and trailers Unit cargo (metals) Unit cargo (railway).2 Other unit cargo Total (in tons) Other ports in Hordaland 4 Total.2 ORIGIN - DESTINATION MATRIX Statistics Norway has developed statistics for the destinations of the export cargo volumes from Hordaland County in 2002, split between the various types of commodity, to all countries in the world. Table 8 provides an overview on selected (EU) destinations for cargo volumes originating from Hordaland. Table 8 contains destinations for 8.2 mill tons of cargo export out of a total of 8. mill tons. 4 Other ports in Hordaland are those south of the Port of Os, including Husnes, Stord, etc. and statistics have been requested from the relevant port authorities.

19 Hordaland County Page : 5 of 48 Table 8: Selected (EU) destinations for export cargo from Hordaland by commodity in 2002 Commodity (in tons) Austria Belgium Canada Denmark Faeroe Islands Finland France Germany Greenland Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Latvia Netherlands Poland Portugal Russian Federation Spain Sweden Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom United States Total Fresh and frozen seafood Smoked, dried, salted, etc. seafood Shells, mussels, etc Animal food from seafood products Non-specified seafood Beverages and tobacco Timber, forest products, etc. 4 5 Raw fertilizers, raw minerals, etc Other raw materials Non-specified raw materials Fuel, oilproducts, etc Animal and vegetable oil

20 Hordaland County Page : 6 of 48 Un-specified chemical products Plastic, raw materials Plastic, Semiproducts Other Chemical products Non-specified chemical products Un-specified semiprocessed gods Paper and cardboard Cotton threads and textiles Goods from non-metallic minerals Metals except steel and iron , Goods from metal Non-specified processed goods Electric power machines and equipment Machines for special industries Metal-working equipment