Future of 3-D Printing Key Implications to Industries

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Randell Shelton
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1 Future of 3-D Printing Key Implications to Industries The Global 3-D Printing Market to be Worth $21.5 Billion by 2025 NCDC MT August

2 Contents Section Slide Numbers Executive Summary 9 Key Findings 10 Research Scope, Objective, and Methodology 25 Research Scope 26 Research Aims and Objectives 27 Key Questions the Study will Answer 28 Research Background 29 Research Methodology From Macro To Micro 30 Research Methodology 31 Overview and Definition 32 Introduction to 3-D Printing 33 3-D Printing vs. Traditional Manufacturing 34 Year of Commercial Impact Key Application Sectors 35 Key Attributes of 3-D Printing 36 Crowdsourcing and 3-D Printing 37 Crowdsourcers Leading the Change 38 4

Research Methodology 31 Overview and Definition 32 Introduction to 3-D Printing 33 3-D Printing vs.

3 Contents (continued) Section Slide Numbers On-demand Production and 3-D Printing 39 Small-batch Manufacturing and 3-D printing 40 Mass Customization and 3-D Printing 41 3-D Printing Technology Landscape 42 Major 3-D Printing Technologies 43 Comparative Analysis of 3-D Printing Technologies 44 3-D Printing Materials Process and Application Mapping 45 Stereolithography 46 3-D Printing Technology Patent Landscape 47 4-D Printing is Next 48 3-D Printing Mainstream Adoption: Empirical Comparison 49 3-D Printing Going Mainstream 50 3-D Printing Going Mainstream Consumer Application 51 Price Trend Comparison 3-D Printers vs. 2-D printers 52 3-D Printers to replace Compute Numeric Control (CNC) Machines 53 Personal 3-D Printers Domestic Use of 3-D Printing 54 5

3-D Printing Technology Patent Landscape 47 4-D Printing is Next 48 3-D Printing Mainstream Adoption: Empirical Comparison 49 3-D Printing Going Mainstream 50 3-D Printing Going Mainstream

4 Contents (continued) Section Slide Numbers Comparison of Personal 3-D Printers 55 3-D Printing Value Chain and Business Models 56 Value Chain of 3-D Printing Industry 57 How is 3-D Printing being Monetized Key Business Models 58 3-D Printing Business Model Comparison 59 In-house 3-D Printing Factory Blueprint 60 In-house 3-D Printing Ford and General Electric 61 Contract Manufacturing Model Working Model 62 Case Study: Contract Manufacturing Model Rapid Processing Solutions Inc D Printing as a Service Example: Shapeways, Sculpteo 64 Case Study: Retail 3-D Printing Cubify 65 3-D Printing and Supply Chain Implications 66 Impact of 3-D Printing on Supply Chain 67 3-D Printing Key Supply Chain Models 68 Mapping Business Models against the Supply Chain Models 69 6

Manufacturing Model Working Model 62 Case Study: Contract Manufacturing Model Rapid Processing Solutions Inc.

5 Contents (continued) Section Slide Numbers 3-D Printing Market Potential and Investment Scenario 70 3-D Printing Market Potential 71 3-D Printer Shipments 73 3-D Printing Market Investment Scenario 74 3-D Printing and its Impact on Key Economies 76 3-D Printing Impact on Key Industries 78 Industrial 3-D Printers 79 3-D Printing Industry Adoption Map 80 Key Industries Using 3-D Printing 81 Case Study: Urbee The World s 1st 3-D-printed Car 82 Case Study 3-D Printing in Aerospace 83 Case Study 3-D Printing in Healthcare Industry 84 Case Study 3-D Printing in Personal Accessories Industry 85 Strategic Recommendations and Conclusions 86 3-D Printing Key Transformational Shifts 87 3-D Printing Strategic Recommendations and Conclusions 88 7

Industries Using 3-D Printing 81 Case Study: Urbee The World s 1st 3-D-printed Car 82 Case Study 3-D Printing in Aerospace 83 Case Study 3-D Printing in Healthcare Industry 84 Case

6 Contents (continued) Section Slide Numbers Appendix 90 On-demand Production and 3-D Printing 91 3-D Printing in Education 92 Case Study 3-D Printing in Education 93 Challenges for 3-D Printing to Go Mainstream 94 Key Implications of 3-D Printing Industrialization 95 List of Companies by Value Chain Role 96 8

Education 93 Challenges for 3-D Printing to Go Mainstream 94 Key Implications

7 Key Findings D printing will transform the future of manufacturing with its ability to eliminate time-consuming techniques such as cutting or drilling. With the computer-driven additive manufacturing technology, the industries expect to save up to % in prototyping costs. The global 3-D printing market in 2025 is expected to reach a revenue potential of $ billion. The consumer and commercial products are expected to account for % of the 3-D printing market by 2025, which is expected to grow at a CAGR of % between 2009 and Critical factors that will decide the mass adoption of 3-D printing by businesses and consumers are usability, functionality, and total cost of ownership. Considerable advancement in technology will lead to the development of 3-D printers with higher build speed and accuracy, which in turn will bring down the total cost of ownership. The 3-D printing industry value chain is extremely fragmented with no clear one-stop-shop solution provider or one that offers end-to-end solutions. The emergence of integrators providing products/services across the value chain will drive the mainstream adoption of the 3-D printers in manufacturing. As 3-D printers become more affordable, accessible, accurate (high resolution), and most importantly faster, they are expected to disrupt or collapse more industries than previously thought possible. For example, in the automotive industry, 3-D printing has already evolved to produce thousands of advanced automotive product components with per unit process speed reduced from hours to minutes. Source: Frost & Sullivan 10

The global 3-D printing market in 2025 is expected to reach a revenue potential of $ billion.

8 Key Findings (continued) Big supply chains will become obsolete. With the widespread commercialization of 3-D printing, the need to ship parts and products from or to local/regional makers will be eliminated, resulting in the near-sourcing of the components. This will lead to near-sourcing and energy savings of around to % from transportation and other logistics activities. The United States and China are among the largest countries standing to gain the most from the 3-D printing opportunity based on their level of investment, government catalysis, and manufacturing potential in the 3-D printing market. As these nations emerge as global manufacturing hubs, countries such as Japan and the United Kingdom will stand to lose market ground unless they drive adoption of 3-D printing technology in key industries. Increasing popularity of 3-D printing will create 4 key business models direct manufacturing, contract manufacturing, 3-D printing as a service, and retail 3-D printing, with the latter 2 models being very unique. 3-D printing as a service is an online business model that is an amalgamation of contract manufacturing and the online marketplace model. 9 3-D printing is moving from rapid prototyping to finished products with the latest in research and development (R&D) revealing the ability to bio-print full human organs such as ears through bio 3-D printers (in the distant future, beyond 2030). Source: Frost & Sullivan 11

This will lead to near-sourcing and energy savings of around to % from transportation and other logistics activities.

Executive Summary Introduction to 3-D Printing While traditional production relies on removal of the material from the solid cast or mold, 3-D printing adds the layers of the material on the existing

9 Executive Summary Introduction to 3-D Printing While traditional production relies on removal of the material from the solid cast or mold, 3-D printing adds the layers of the material on the existing layers. 3-D printing is a computer-driven additive manufacturing technology used for producing the final product from a digital model by laying down successive layers of material. Design Typical 3-D Printing Process Print Finish 3-D printing begins with creating a digital model of the object, usually using CAD software, which is later converted into a.stl file. The 3-D printer slices the.stl file into numerous digital cross-sections and automatically builds the model using materials like thermoplastics and ceramics. The final 3-D printed object is then cleaned to remove overhung material and is polished, painted (if required), and made ready for use. Source: Frost & Sullivan 12

Design Typical 3-D Printing Process Print Finish 3-D printing begins with creating a digital model of the object, usually using CAD software, which is later converted into a.stl file.

10 Executive Summary 3-D Printing vs. Traditional Manufacturing 3-D printing saves on energy by to % as it eliminates shipping and other logistics activities and enables users to produce objects with less material. Traditional Manufacturing Traditional Manufacturing vs. 3-D Printing, Global, D Printing Higher cost of manufacturing and shipping Cost Up to % savings due on prototyping costs Less innovative designs due to cost constraints Design Allows for easy-yet-inexpensive innovation in design More time to build final product Speed Less time taken due to compressed design cycles Creates more waste; subtractive process will compromise on precision Quality Lighter and smaller amount of waste; higher precision with layer-by-layer manufacturing Source: Frost & Sullivan 13

Traditional Manufacturing Traditional Manufacturing vs.

11 Ongoing R&D (Beyond 2020) 3-D Printing Technology Readiness To be Commercialized ( ) Commercialized ( ) Executive Summary Year of Impact: Key Application Sectors 3-D printing of organs in the healthcare sector is the most anticipated application, the research for which will gain momentum after D Printing Applications Timeline, Global, 2012 Beyond 2020 Consumer Applications Medical, Automotive, Retail Applications Industrial Applications Hobby (arts and crafts) Jewelry Household printing Printing small to medium medical prosthetics Prototypes for automotive industry (for example, instrument panels) Retail prototypes Rapid prototyping for large industrial applications Components for aerospace (for example, air ducts, hinges, jet engine parts, wing spares, spare parts) and defense R&D Printing toys Printing chocolate Printing food (sugar cubes) Printing bicycles Clothing and apparel in fashion industry 3-D-printed furniture Building construction Industrial tool manufacturing Life sciences R&D Personal homes 3-D-printed semiconductors/ics Smart prosthetics Artificial ears 3-D-printed organs 3-D-printed complex metal systems 3-D-printed energy harvesters for power stations Large aircraft parts Source: Frost & Sullivan 14

3-D Printing Applications Timeline, Global, 2012 Beyond 2020 Consumer Applications Medical, Automotive, Retail Applications Industrial Applications Hobby (arts and crafts) Jewelry Household printing

The Rise of 3D Printing Star Trek Technology Becomes Real Disruptive Phenomenon

The Rise of 3D Printing Star Trek Technology Becomes Real Disruptive Phenomenon Overview Introduction to 3D Printing 3D Printing vs. Traditional Manufacturing Overview to the Value Chain of 3D Printing