The first technical appli- cation of Alfvén waves. N. Frischauf, M. Hettmer, A. Grassauer, T. Bartusch, Prof. Otto Koudelka
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1 The first technical appli- cation of Alfvén waves. Frischauf, M. Hettmer, A. Grassauer, T. Bartusch, Prof. Otto Koudelka STSC 19/02/ , 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation Vienna International Centre, -Austria 1 -
2 Outlook on this Presentation Introduction (Alfv( Alfvén Wave Physics) Working Principle and Classification of the MOA Concept MOA in the Context of Advanced Propulsion Design and Test of the MOA Thruster Obtained Test Results Outlook Conclusion 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation - 2 -
3 Introduction: Alfvén s Discovery ature letter in 1942 Postulation that oscillating magnetic fields accelerate ionised matter via magnetohydrodynamic interactions in a wave like fashion Later observed in certain plasma phenomena, Wolf-Rayet stars and fusion reactors 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation - 3 -
4 Working Principle and Classification of the MOA Concept The controlled use of a plasma source and two magnetic coils generates a periodically deformation of the system s magnetic field. This deformation generates Alfvén waves, which compress and transport the propulsive medium with high efficiency MOA is a thermo-electrodynamic accelerator! 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation - 4 -
5 QASAR s Preliminary Products vs. potential Markets MOA System Space Applications Coating Applications Patent: PCT WO 2005/ A1 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation - 5 -
6 MOA in the Context of advanced Propulsion (1/3) MOA is a flexible adv. Propulsion system Different propellants can be used ( 2, H 2, Xe, etc.) A real-time adaptation of MOA between the P, F and I SP parameters is possible during flight E.g. Xe-Thruster (simulation values): P = 6.2 kw; I SP = 2411 s, F = m P = 11.2 kw; I SP = s, F = 12.9 m MOA s superior I SP can make a difference: Destination Planet Total Velocity Increment [km/s] Moon 6,00 Mars 25,00 Saturn 70,00 Pluto 180,00 Chemical Engine (SSME) Ratio of Fuel Mass to S/C Mass (m Fuel /m S/C ) uclear Fission (ERVA) MOA Concept uclear Fusion (GDM) I SP = 455 s I SP = 825 s I SP = s I SP = s 2,84E+00 1,10E+00 0,06 0, ,70E+02 2,10E+01 0,29 0, ,47E+06 5,70E+03 1,04 0, ,26E+17 4,56E+09 5,26 0, /02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation - 6 -
7 MOA in the Context of advanced Propulsion (2/3) MOA is suited for different applications: Attitude Control System Thruster (ACST) orth South Station Keeping (SSK) Kick Booster Thruster for deep space/interplanetary missions Prof. Horst Löb has provided a positive expert opinion on the feasibility of the MOA concept MOA Thruster with H 2 propellant: Thrust: Beam Power: Specific Impulse: Specific Power Consumption: 80 m 1.6 kw 4000 s 20 W/m Table 1: Assumed Parameters of a MOA SSK-System (Simulation Prof. Löb) 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation - 7 -
8 MOA in the Context of advanced Propulsion (3/3) 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation - 8 -
9 Design and Test of the MOA Thruster (1/3) MOA is the first technical application of Alfvén wave physics for adv. propulsion MOA is comprised of five subsystems: Plasma Generator Central Tube Primary Coil Secondary Coil Supply and Control Units 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation - 9 -
10 Design and Test of the MOA Thruster (2/3) 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation
11 Design and Test of the MOA Thruster (3/3) MOA was tested in a vacuum chamber at 10-3 mbar ambient pressure Friction less measurements via a laser triangulation sensor 2 as propellant 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation
12 Obtained Test Results 2σ Calculations (95% confidence level) of 6 independent measurements with 2 : Thrust (F): / m Power (P): / W Specific Impulse (I SP ): / s Measurement Thrust I SP Power Ion Source Spec. Power umber 1; 18:32 7,19 m 1114,5 s 393,1 W 96,0 W 1160 V 54,6 W/m umber 2; 20:15 10,89 m 738,4 s 394,1 W 97,0 W 1150 V 36,2 W/m umber 3; 21:05 9,65 m 833,0 s 394,1 W 98,0 W 1200 V 40,8 W/m umber 4; 15:32 7,53 m 1075,8 s 397,1 W 100,0 W 1194 V 52,8 W/m umber 5; 17:00 6,22 m 1306,2 s 398,2 W 100,0 W 1200 V 64,0 W/m umber 6; 20:30 7,05 m 1187,3 s 410,5 W 106,0 W 920 V 58,2 W/m Average value: 8,09 m 1042,5 s 397,9 W 99,5 W 1137,3 V 51,1 W/m Standard Dev.: 1,79 m 215,94 s 6,50 W 3,56 W 108,60 V 10,59 W/m 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation
13 Coating: High Speed Plasma itriding Polished working steel, code: MOA coating time: 10min TiAl6V4 alloy MOA coating: 10min 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation
14 Coating: Polished working steel, Code: Fe 90 Fe Fe Fe Cr2 60 Cr2 Cr2 Cr2 50 PROBEBEZEICHUG: GDS-BEDIGUGE: DATUM / ZEIT : Prsch.kl "weißer Bereich" 800V,35mA / :15:11 RAW=C:\Programme\WinGDOES3\Methoden\Anlagenbau\Probescheibe klein 1_2343 weißer Bereich AB314_05.raw : MTH=ITROX-X Brünner Fe - s(100%) - s(5%) C - s(10%) Cr2 - s(10%) Si - s(10%) Mo - s(10%) Mn - s(1%) Gewichtsprozent [%] Gewichtsprozent [%] PROBEBEZEICHUG: GDS-BEDIGUGE: DATUM / ZEIT : Prsch. kl. "gelber Bereich" 800V,35mA / :04:39 RAW=C:\Programme\WinGDOES3\Methoden\Anlagenbau\Probescheibe klein 1_2343 gelber Bereich AB314_05.raw : MTH=ITROX-X Brünner Fe - s(100%) - s(5%) C - s(10%) Cr2 - s(10%) Si - s(10%) Mo - s(10%) Mn - s(1%) Fe Fe Fe Fe Cr2 Cr2 Cr2 Mn Mn Mn Mn Mo Si Mo Si Mo Si Mo Si C C C C Cr Mn Mn Mn Mn Mo Si Mo Si Mo Si Mo Si C C C C 0 0,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,0 12,0 13,0 14,0 15, ,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,0 12,0 13,0 14,0 15,0 Tiefe [µm] 10min MOA nitrogen treatment 19/02/2007 Tiefe [µm] untreated STSC 2007: MOA Presentation
15 Coating: TiAl6V4 Alloy 100 Ti Ti Ti Ti Al Al Al Al PROBEBEZEICHUG: GDS-BEDIGUGE: DATUM / ZEIT : Prsch. gr. "gelber Bereich" 800V,35mA / :24:41 RAW=C:\Programme\WinGDOES3\Methoden\Anlagenbau\Probescheibe groß TiAl6V4 gelber Bereich AB314_05.raw : MTH=ITROX-X Brünner - s(10%) Ti - s(100%) Al - s(10%) V - s(10%) Gewichtsprozent [%] Gewichtsprozent [%] PROBEBEZEICHUG: GDS-BEDIGUGE: DATUM / ZEIT : Prsch. gr. "weißer Bereich" 800V,35mA / :52:07 RAW=C:\Programme\WinGDOES3\Methoden\Anlagenbau\Probescheibe groß TiAl6V4 weißer Bereich AB314_05.raw : MTH=ITROX-X Brünner - s(10%) Ti - s(100%) Al - s(10%) V - s(10%) V V V V 10 Ti Al Al V Ti Ti Al Al V V V Ti ,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,0 12,0 13,0 14,0 15,0 0 0,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,0 12,0 13,0 14,0 15,0 Tiefe [µm] 10min MOA nitrogen treatment 19/02/2007 Tiefe [µm] untreated STSC 2007: MOA Presentation
16 Outlook Current Technology Readiness Level: 5 R&D and structure has been set-up to enable a TRL of 7 in 2008 Further-on research: Electronics upgrade Plasma system upgrade Additional propellant tests Technology Readiness Level 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation
17 Conclusion MOA is the first technical application of Alfvén wave physics for adv. propulsion Current Technology Readiness Level: 5 Proven technical Feasibility Simple modular set-up Corrosion free behaviour umerous applications possible: Attitude Control System Thruster (ACST) orth South Station Keeping (SSK) Kick Booster, Thruster for deep space missions High-Tech Coating / Semiconductor Manufacturing 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation
18 MOA: A far reaching Technology Enrico Fermi, obel Laureate of 1938, commented in 1948 on Alfvén s discovery by nodding his head, saying, Of course The next day the entire world of physics said, Oh. Of course. Alex Dessler 19/02/2007 STSC 2007: MOA Presentation
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