Antenna Measurements with the Network Analyzer. Presented by Ernie Jackson RF/uW Applications Engineer Agilent Technologies

Transcription

1 Antenna Measurements with the Network Analyzer Presented by Ernie Jackson RF/uW Applications Engineer Agilent Technologies

2 Purpose During this presentation you will: Learn about interface requirements between components. Learn about issues related to selecting the equipment required to make antenna measurements. Learn how instruments can be integrated into your configuration. Learn about New PNA-X Measurement Receiver and Frequency Converter. Slide 2

3 Agenda Overview of antenna applications Antenna Measurement Design Considerations Transmit Site Configuration Receive Site Configuration Receiver Speed Summary A U T Positioner controller Provide by System Integrators Slide 3

4 Key features for Antenna Measurements High sensitivity. Reduces measurement uncertainty (increase accuracy). Enable the best device specifications. Increased Speed. Decrease test time and cost. Flexibility. Upgradable for future requirements Security. Enable multiple users to share test site Slide 4

5 Near-Field Vs Far-Field Near-Field: The near-field test system measures the energy in the radiating near-field region and converts those measurements by a Fourier transform into the far-field result. Far-Field: On a traditional far-field antenna range the transmit and receive antennas are typically separated by enough distance to simulate the intended operating environment. The AUT is illuminated by a source antenna at a distance far enough to create a near-planar phase front over the electrical aperture of the AUT. Slide 5

6 Near-field Measurements Basic Concept: Record amplitude and phase over a surface in the radiating near-field (~3 wavelengths) Process with an FFT to produce far-field data. Amplitude and Phase Antenna does not move (planar case) Amplitude (db) Azimuth (deg) Slide 6

7 Near-Field: There are three scan types 1. Planar near-field Directional antennas Gain > 15 dbi Max angle < ± 70 º Near-Field Planar Cylindrical 2. Cylindrical near-field Fan beam antennas Wide side or back lobes Spherical 3. Spherical near-field Low gain antennas Wide or omni-directional patterns on any antennas Slide 7

8 Near-field Antenna Measurement Scan Summary Slide 8

9 Far-field Measurements Basic Concept: Rotate antenna under test in azimuth and elevation coordinates Record far-field data on plotter or computer Receive antenna measures far-field amplitude and or phase as test antenna rotates 0-5 Azimuth and Elevation Amplitude (db) Azimuth (deg) Slide 9

10 Near-Field Vs Far-Field Slide 10

11 Agenda Overview of antenna applications Antenna Measurement Design Considerations Transmit Site Configuration Receive Site Configuration Receiver Speed Summary A U T Positioner controller Provide by System Integrators Slide 11

12 Antenna Characterization System Solution Overview: Antenna Characterization System Consists: 1. RF Subsystem Receiver, Sources and Convertor/Mixers 2. Mechanical Subsystem Positioner, Anechoic Chamber and Absorber Material 3. Measurement & Data Analysis Software Agilent primary provides RF Subsystem only. Slide 12

13 Far-Field Distance determination The mathematical expression for determining the minimum separation distance is: R < Where: R = Range length (separation distance between transmit and receive antennas) D = Aperture of antenna under test λ = Measurement wavelength (shortest of the ones tested) Slide 13

14 Design Considerations Designing an antenna system is an iterative process: First design the transmit site Next design the receive site Then, return to the transmit site to make equipment adjustments required by the receive site Finally, confirm power levels are adequate for entire system Slide 14

15 Transmit Site Configuration Typical transmit site configuration. Optional amplifier Transmit antenna L 2 E RP Considerations in selecting a transmit source: G amp Frequency range of AUT Distance to transmit antenna Source power PNA/PNA-X internal source typically used for near-field and compact ranges. External sources typically required for large outdoor ranges. Speed requirements L 1 PSG or MXG Synthesized source or Internal PNA source Reliable power with faster switching at a lower price Slide 15

16 Calculate the effective radiated power Effective Radiated Power (E RP ): Power level at the output of the transmit antenna. Optional amplifier L 2 Transmit antenna E RP = P source (L 1 + L 2 ) + G amp + G t G amp E RP Where: P source L 1 & L 2 G amp G t = Power out of the source (dbm) = Loss from cable(s) between source and antenna (db) = Gain of the amplifier (if used) (dbi) = Gain of transmit antenna (dbi) L 1 PSG or MXG Synthesized source or Internal PNA source Reliable power with faster switching at a lower price Make power calculations first without an amplifier, add one only if required to achieve the desired transmit power Slide 16

17 Calculate the free-space loss (power dissipation) Free-space loss (power dissipation, P D ): difference in power levels between the output of the transmit antenna and the output of an isotropic (0dBi) antenna located at the receive site. P D = *log(R) + 20*log(F) Where: R = Range length (meters) F = Test frequency (GHz) This equation does not account for atmospheric attenuation, which can be a significant factor in certain millimeter-wave frequency ranges. A calculator which will derive this number for you can be found at: Slide 17

18 Calculate the maximum power level at the output of the AUT P(AUT): power level present at the output of the antenna-under-test (AUT). P(AUT) = E RP P D + G(AUT) Where: E RP P D = Effective Radiated Power (dbm) = Free-space loss (db, at the maximum test frequency) G(AUT) = Expected maximum gain of AUT (dbi) Slide 18

19 Dynamic Range, Accuracy & Signal-to-Noise Ratio Required dynamic range is the difference between maximum bore site level and minimum AUT level that must be measured. Examples of measurements made are: Side-lobe levels, null depth and crosspolarization levels. Measurement accuracy is directly affected by the signal-to-noise ratio as shown in this figure. Slide 19

20 Agenda Overview of antenna applications Antenna Measurement Design Considerations Transmit Site Configuration Receive Site Configuration Receiver Speed Summary A U T Positioner controller Provide by System Integrators Slide 20

21 Calculate the Sensitivity for a Receive Site without External mixing Sensitivity = P(AUT) DR S/N L Reference Where: P(AUT) = Power at the output of the AUT (dbm) DR S/N L = Required dynamic range (db) = Signal-to-noise ratio (db) = Cable loss (db) from AUT to PNA input PNA-X opt. 200, 020 Test P(AUT) L Example: P(AUT) = 0dBm, DR = 60dB, S/N = 30dB and L = 5dB Sensitivity = 95dBm Receiver #1 Receiver #2 Slide 21

22 Choosing an analyzer Agilent has developed options for the PNA series specifically for antenna measurements. However, the PNA-L and ENA analyzers can also be used in less complex applications. Family Model/Option Frequency range Frequency stepping speed (10 MHz/pt at max IFBW with no band crossings Sensitivity at test port with 1 khz Fmax Sensitivity at direct receiver input with 1 khz IFBW (with Opt. Fmax Power Fmax ENA E5070B 300 khz to 3 GHz Data not available < -92 dbm Option not available +10 dbm E5071B 300 khz to 8.5 GHz Data not available < -80 dbm Option not available +5 dbm PNA-L N5230A Opt. 020/ khz to 6 GHz 100 us < -99 dbm < -108 dbm +10 dbm N5230A Opt. 120/ khz to 13.5 GHz 110 us < -94 dbm < -108 dbm +2 dbm N5230A Opt. 220/ MHz to 20 GHz 160 us < -85 dbm < -97 dbm +10 dbm N5230A Opt. 420/ MHz to 40 GHz 160 us < -75 dbm < -86 dbm -5 dbm N5230A Opt. 520/ MHz to 50 GHz 160 us < -70 dbm < -78 dbm -9 dbm PNA E8362B 10 MHz to 20 GHz 278 us < -100 dbm < -114 dbm +3 dbm E8363B 10 MHz to 40 GHz 278 us < -94 dbm < -105 dbm -4 dbm E8364B 10 MHz to 50 GHz 278 us < -94 dbm < -103 dbm -10 dbm E8361A 10 MHz to 67 GHz 278 us < -79 dbm < -88 dbm -5 dbm PNA-X N5242A 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz 100 us < -100 dbm < -115 dbm +11 dbm Slide 22

23 Calculate the Sensitivity for a Receive Site with External mixing When do you need external mixing? When the AUT is located far from the analyzer which requires long cables. The long cables reduce accuracy and dynamic range often to unacceptable levels. Benefit of remote mixers Down converts signal to an IF signal Reduces RF cable losses Maximizes accuracy and dynamic range LO in 85320B Referen ce mixer 85309A 85320A Test mixer Amplifier IF Freq. LO out Slide 23

24 Calculate the Sensitivity for a Receive Site with External mixing When do you need external mixing? When the AUT is located far from the analyzer which requires long cables. The long cables reduce accuracy and dynamic range often to unacceptable levels. Benefit of remote mixers Down converts signal to an IF signal Reduces RF cable losses Maximizes accuracy and dynamic range LO in 85320B Referen ce mixer 85309A 85320A Test mixer Amplifier IF Freq. LO out Slide 24

25 85309A Simplify Diagram 2 to 18 GHz

26 85309A Slide 26

27 Calculate the Sensitivity for a Receive Site with External mixing When do you need external mixing? When the AUT is located far from the analyzer which requires long cables. The long cables reduce accuracy and dynamic range often to unacceptable levels. Benefit of remote mixers Down converts signal to an IF signal Reduces RF cable losses Maximizes accuracy and dynamic range LO in 85320B Referen ce mixer 85309A 85320A Test mixer Amplifier IF Freq. LO out Slide 27

28 85320A Slide 28

29 85320B Slide 29

30 Receive Site Configuration This figure shows a typical receive site configuration. The following slides show how to calculate the various levels indicated MHz Test port +8 dbm +30 dbm MHz -10 dbm +10 dbm Slide 30

31 Select the LO Source Frequency Range Required: 0.3 to 18 GHz Power Required at 85309A LO Input: 0-6 dbm Sources Available: PSG/ESG/MXG Internal LO Source of PNA-X (or PNA opt. H11 with amplifier) Determine 85309A to LO source distance: P s = Cable length (meters) X cable loss (db/meter) + P in Where P s = Power out of the LO source P in = Required power into 85309A (0 to 6 dbm) MHz Slide 31

32 Reference Signal Level & Cable length 85309A to Mixers Requirement: Signal must be high enough to achieve the desire accuracy Reference mixer provides: A phase reference & a reference signal for a ratioed measurement (test/reference) Ratios out any variations in signal levels from system Cable length must be calculated to assure adequate power from the 85309A Cable length (meters) = (P out (85309A) P in (mixer)) / (cable loss/meter@frequency) MHz High quality, low loss, phase stable cables are recommended Slide 32

33 P TM = E RP P D + G(TEST) L2 P RM = E RP P D + G(REF) L1 Power at Reference/Test Mixer Where: P RM = Power level at the reference mixer (dbm) P TM = Power level at the reference mixer (dbm) E RP = Effective radiated power (dbm) P D = Free space loss (power dissipation) (db) G(REF) = Gain of reference antenna (dbi) G(REF) = Gain of reference antenna (dbi) L1 or L2= cable loss between ref. or Test antenna and ref. mixer (db) MHz Slide 33

34 Power at the Analyzer Inputs and Receiver Sensitivity IF power level at the receiver can be calculated by the following: P REF = P RM conversion loss of mixers + conversion gain of 85309A (L 3 +L 5 ) P TEST = P TM conversion loss of mixers A (L 4 +L 6 ) Where L = Cable losses as shown in the figure. Conversion gain of 85309A = 23 db (typical). conversion gain of Sensitivity required of the PNA can be calculated by the following: Sensitivity = P REF DR S/N MHz Where DR = Required dynamic range S/N = Signal-to-noise ratio determined earlier as required of measurement uncertainty Now, with this sensitivity number, select an analyzer Slide 34

35 Choosing an analyzer for External Mixers Agilent has developed options for the PNA series specifically for antenna measurements. Family Model/Option Frequency range Frequency stepping speed (10 MHz/pt at max IFBW with no band crossings Sensitivity at test port with 1 khz Fmax Sensitivity at direct receiver input with 1 khz IFBW (with Opt. Fmax Power Fmax PNA-X N5242A 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz 100 us < -100 dbm < -115 dbm +11 dbm Family PNA Model/Option E8362B opt. H11 PNA opt. H11 and PNA-X opt 020, IF input Frequency range Sensitivity 1 khz IFBW Sensitivity with 10 Hz IFBW 10 MHz to 20 GHz < -114 dbm < -134 dbm.1 db compression -27 dbm PNA-X N5242A opt MHz to 26.5 GHz < -115 dbm < -135 dbm -10 dbm PNA PNA opt. H11 and PNA-X opt 020, IFBW, CW time E8362B opt. H11 10 MHz to 20 GHz 24 us/pt (data acquisition) 4 IF inputs IF = 8.33 MHz PNA-X N5242A opt MHz to 26.5 GHz 2.4 us/pt (data acquisition) 5 IF inputs IF= MHz Slide 35

36 Agenda Overview of antenna applications Antenna Measurement Design Considerations Transmit Site Configuration Receive Site Configuration Receiver Speed Summary A U T Positioner controller Provide by System Integrators Slide 36

37 Measurement Speed Measurement speed is made up of many components. The speed displayed on the analyzer is only one part of the actual speed. Total measurement speed you can either measure it directly, or get an estimate from an equation. Calculating Approximate Speed The approximate speed of the PNA can be calculated: Total Measurement time = data taking + pre-sweep time + band crossing + retrace Where: Data taking ~ 1/IFBW (PNA IFBW) + Description Pre-sweep (swept mode) Band crossings Retrace PNA PNA-L PNA-X ~ 222 us ~ 56 us ~ 30 us ~ 4 8 ms ~ 2 ms ~ 800 us ~ ms (display on), 5-8 ms (display off) Slide 37

38 Measurement Speed Example Configuration: PNA with 201 points, 1 GHz span, 10 khz BW sweep 1. Determine if step or swept. (IF BW <= 1kHz or time/point > 1 ms, then stepped otherwise swept.) 2. Data taking: 1/IFBW=1/10 khz = 100 us (Swept mode) So 201 points * 100 us/point = 20.1 ms 3. Pre-sweep time: 222 us 4. Band crossings: None 5. Retrace time: 10 to 15 ms Total measurement time = 20.1 ms us + 10 to 15 ms = 30 to 35 ms (NOMINAL) Slide 38

39 Agenda Overview of antenna applications Antenna Measurement Design Considerations Transmit Site Configuration Receive Site Configuration Receiver Speed Summary Typical Solutions New Solutions A U T Positioner controller Provide by System Integrators Slide 39

40 Typical near-field antenna measurement configuration using a PNA-X PIN Switch AUT PIN Switch Control PNA series network analyzer NEARFIELD SYSTEMS INC. NSI2000 LAN RF Source Receiver channel #1 Slide 40

41 Typical PNA-X Far Field Configuration Coupler Reference Signal Optional amplifier PSG or MXG N5242A standard R B Slide 41

42 Typical PNA-X Far Field Large Range Configuration (Software Trigger) Coupler Reference Signal PSG or MXG N5242A standard R B PSG or MXG controlled by PNA-X via LAN LAN Slide 42

43 Typical PNA-X for Compact Far-Field Configuration (TTL or Software Trigger) PSG or MXG Slide 43

44 2-Port PNA-X Far Field Outdoor Antenna Measurements (TTL or Software Trigger) Optional amplifier Source antenna AU T 85320A Test mixer Trigger out Trigger in PSG or MXG LAN Radiated Ref Signal Measurement automation software LO in 85320B Referenc e mixer 85309A MHz MHz Positioner Power Supply Positioner controller Trigger box E5818A LAN Router/Hub LAN Trigger out Trigger in LO out GPS sync 10 MHz in/out PNA-X and PSG Up to 100 meters Trigger box N5242A opt. 200, 020 Slide 44

45 A IF B IF C IF D IF LO AUX LO IN 0 db Gain Nominal IF IF IF IF RF LO LO RF RF LO RF LO + 18 dbm Max +/- 10 Volts DC 0 dbm to 18 GHz + 6 dbm to GHz ( prefer + 8 dbm) +/- 9 Volts DC + 15 Volts DC A RF B RF C RF D RF 2-Port PNA-X Far Field Outdoor Antenna Measurements (TTL or Software Trigger) Optional amplifier Source antenna AU T Radiated Ref Signal PSG or MXG N5280A Trigger out Trigger in LAN Measurement automation software LO in U 3022 AY 11 Power Supply Positioner Power Supply Positioner controller MHz Trigger box E5818A LAN Router/Hub LAN Trigger out Trigger in LO out GPS sync 10 MHz in/out PNA-X and PSG Up to 100 meters Trigger box N5242A opt. 200, 020 Slide 45

46 2-Port PNA-X Far Field Outdoor Antenna Measurements (Hardware, TTL or Software Trigger Wireless trigger) Optional amplifier Source antenna AU T PSG or MXG PSG Synthesized source 85320A Test mixer LAN Trigger out Trigger in E5818A Trigger Box Radiated Ref Signal N5242A opt.200, 020 LO in LO out 85320B Referenc e mixer 85309A MHz MHz Positioner Power Supply Positioner controller GPS sync 10 MHz in/out PNA-X and PSG Wireless Access Point Wireless Communicati on E5818A Trigger Box Measurement automation software Slide 46

47 2-Port PNA-X Far Field Outdoor Antenna Measurements (Hardware, TTL or Software Trigger Wireless trigger) Optional amplifier Source antenna AU T LAN PSG Synthesized source PSG or MXG Trigger out Trigger in E5818A Trigger Box Radiated Ref Signal N5242A opt.200, 020 LO in LO out 85320B Referenc e mixer 85309A MHz MHz 85320A Test mixer Positioner Power Supply Positioner controller GPS sync 10 MHz in/out PNA-X and PSG Trigger in/out Laptop with virtual private network (VPN) To Company Intranet E5818A Trigger Box LAN Measurement automation software Slide 47

48 PNA-X Pulsed Antenna Configuration Optional amplifier Source antenna 85320A Test mixer AUT Radiated Ref Signal Measurement automation software LO in 85320B Referenc e mixer 85309A Positioner Power Supply N5242A opt. 200, 020, 021, A Amplifier MHz MHz Positioner controller LO out LAN Measurements: -Average, point-in-pulse, and Pulse profiling Slide 48

49 Typical RCS measurement configuration (using a PNA with option 014) Rx Tx PIN Switch PIN Switch Control PNA series network analyzer RF Source LAN Receiver #1 Receiver #2 Slide 49

50 PNA-X Features and Benefits for Antenna Test PNA-X Replaces 8530A for Antenna Measurements Antenna Test Requirements Sensitivity Speed Features Mixer-based architecture Selectable IFBW Options 020, IF input Fast data transfers with COM/DCOM Benefits Improve sensitivity Trade off sensitivity for speed Increase sensitivity Up to 10 times faster than using GPBI interface (8530A) Flexibility & Accuracy Pulsed Measurements Security LAN connectivity Five simultaneous test receivers Option H08, Spectrum Nulling Technique Removable hard drive Memory clearing & sanitization Frequency blanking Built-in 10/100 Mbs LAN interface Five Independent receivers path (simultaneous Co-Pol/Cross-Pol) - Internal hardware gates - Average, Point-in-pulse, and Pulsed profile testing No security compromise when taking PNA of out secured environment Slide 50

51 Agilent s RF Subsystem components Model # 85309A Description LO/IF distribution unit 85310A 85320A 85320B 85331B Distributed frequency converter Test mixer module Reference mixer module SP2T absorptive PIN switch, GHz Non-Agilent Components A U T 85332B SP4T absorptive PIN switch, GHz RF sources (ESG, PSG or MXG) Positioner controller PNA-X 2 or 4-port PNA Slide 51

52 Agilent s RF Subsystem components ( continuing to improve antenna RF components) Today s choice: Agilent s VNA is excellent choice Antenna Receiver Future s choice: Distributed or Dedicated hardware RF components with more points, faster speed and higher sensitivity. Slide 52

53 Complete Antenna Test Solutions Agilent is RF components supplier (RF-Subsystem) Agilent with Partners provide a complete solution (Turn-Key solution) Slide 53

54 8530A (85301B) Far-Field Configuration Source antenna Positioner controller Using 85309A GPIB Ref antenna 85320B Meas Ant. Positioner 85320A 85309A 8360 series Microwave Source Software 8530A Test Ref. GPIB Extender HP 9000 workstation GPIB GPIB Extenders 8360 series Microwave source Slide 54

55 Typical 8530A (85301C) Far Field Configuration Using 8511A/B Slide 55

56 Product Features User Interface Crisp viewing of data with 10.4 standard touch-screen, high-resolution display Quick and easy operation using hard/soft keys or pull-down menus Mouse zoom plus click and drag markers Convenient access to USB ports for ECal, flash drives, mouse, etc. Eight soft keys plus user key for your favorite functions Simplified set of hard keys (similar to 8753/8720/ENA) Slide 56

57 PNA-X: Rear Panel N1966A Pulse I/O Adapter Slide 57

58 2-Port PNA-X Option 020 Opt. 020 IF Inputs Rear LO output Freq: GHz Power: -5 dbm typ. to 18 GHz +1 dbm typ GHz LO Source To Receivers OUT 1 OUT 2 External IF in ADC R1 External IF in ADC A Source 1 External IF in ADC R2 External IF in ADC B Test port 1 Front Test port 2 Slide 58

59 Agenda Overview of antenna applications Antenna Measurement Design Considerations Transmit Site Configuration Receive Site Configuration Receiver Speed Summary Typical Solutions New Solutions A U T Positioner controller Provide by System Integrators Slide 59

60 Agilent s RF Subsystem components Model # N526A N5280/1A 85309A 85310A 85320A 85320B 85331B 85332B Description PNA-Measurement receiver Frequency converter LO/IF distribution unit Distributed frequency converter Test mixer module Reference mixer module SP2T absorptive PIN switch, GHz SP4T absorptive PIN switch, GHz N5280/1A N5264A RF sources (ESG, PSG or MXG) PNA PNA-X 2 or 4-port Slide 60

61 Agilent s RF Subsystem components Model # N526A N5280/1A 85309A 85310A 85320A 85320B 85331B 85332B Description PNA-Measurement receiver Frequency converter LO/IF distribution unit Distributed frequency converter Test mixer module Reference mixer module SP2T absorptive PIN switch, GHz SP4T absorptive PIN switch, GHz N5280/1A N5264A PNA Slide 61

62 N5264A Measurement Receiver No connectors on front panel

63 What Is N5264A PNA-X Measurement Receiver? N5264A is: Dedicated IF receivers for antenna test Built on well established PNA-X N5242A VNA. PNA-X without sources, mixers, couplers and test ports 8530A replacement Slide 63

64 N5264A PNA-X Measurement Receiver Rear Panel LO out (Opt. 108) dbm typical USB /100 Mbps Five IF inputs ( MHz )

65 Date: Oct. 15 Product Briefing: th, 2008 N5264A PNA-X Measurement Receiver Product Description: N5264A is Measurement Receiver for antenna and system level applications. This product built on well established PNA-X N5242A VNA. Hardware configurations: N5264A Receiver only (8530A equivalent) = $50, US N5264A opt. 108 adds LO source = $20, US Software options: 118 Fast-CW mode (400,000 pts/sec) = $10, US 010 Time domain = $9, US Key Features: Five IF inputs available for simultaneous measurements. Built-in 26.5 GHz source as optional option (option 108) Fast-CW mode, opt. 118 (enabling infinite measurement durations). Point mode (enabling point averaging). 8530A Drop-in replacement. Built-in 8530A code emulation. Slide 65

66 Key Specifications: Data acquisition time (speed) = 400,000 / Sec (Opt. 118 Fast-CW mode) Input compression point (.1dB)= dbm Sensitivity (noise floor) = -145 dbm (worst IFBW, 0 average) Dynamic Range = 135 db (worst IFBW, 0 averages) Measurement Receiver = 5 with 5 inputs (data taking simultaneously) Data Buffer = 500,000,000 points Target Users: All 8530A antenna end-users All antenna system integrators Key Applications: Antenna test (A/D and Commercial) Radome tests System Integrator (ATE) Slide 66

67 N5264A Block diagram Slide 67

68 Performance Summary Description Data Acquisition Time (Fast-CW mode) Measurement Receiver Only N5264A 8530A 400,000 pts/sec 5,000 pts/sec Noise 10KHz Noise 10 Hz Buffer size (FIFO) Compression point Receiver inputs dbm dbm 500,000,000 points -10.0dBm dbm n/a 100,000 points dbm 4 Slide 68

69 N5280A replaces 8511A/B Freq. =.010 to 26.5 GHz LO input = + 5 dbm IF out =.007 to 1.5 GHz

70 N5280A Simplify Diagram.010 to 26.5 GHz Standard Option 001 Required 11713C Attenuator (order separately)

71 8530A (85301B) Far-Field Configuration Source antenna End of Support Life April 1 st, Positioner controller Using 85309A GPIB Ref antenna 85320B Meas Ant. Positioner 85320A 85309A 8360 series Microwave Source Software 8530A Test Ref. GPIB Extender HP 9000 workstation GPIB GPIB Extenders 8360 series Microwave source Slide 71

72 Far Field Outdoor Antenna Measurements (TTL or Software Trigger) Optional amplifier Source antenna 85320A Test mixer AU T PSG Synthesized source PSG or MXG 85320B Referenc e mixer Trigger out Trigger in LAN Measurement automation software LO in LO out (Opt/ 108) 85309A MHz Positioner Power Supply Positioner controller LAN LAN Router/Hub LAN PNA trigger out GPS sync 10 MHz in/out PNA trigger in N5264A opt. 108 PNA-X and PSG Slide 72

73 Agenda Overview of antenna applications Antenna Measurement Design Considerations Migrating from 8510/8530 to PNA Agilent s Solutions Real Summary Slide 73

74 Summary Designing Antenna Measurement Systems requires attention to many details Select instrument components to meet your antenna measurement needs Test equipment suppliers and channel partners can provide a complete antenna test solution A U T Positioner controller Provide by System Integrators Slide 74

75 Reference Literature Title Lit # Antenna Test Selection Guide E Application Note : Using the PNA in Banded Millimeter-wave Measurements, literature number EN 83000A Series Microwave System Amplifiers E 87415A Technical Overview E 87405A Data Sheet E Go to for more information. Slide 75