Contents. Overview. The Master Plan Challenge. July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. amtrak.com

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1 U n i o n S tat i o n Master Plan Amtrak Wa s h i n g t o n, D C P r epa r ed by Pa rs o n s B r i n c k er h o f f HOK Executive Summary July 25th Nat io n a l Ra i l road Pa s s en g er Co r p o r at io n. A l l R ig h t s R es erv ed

2 July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Contents Overview The Master Plan Challenge A Growing Union Station A Multi modal Facility A New Urban Place Implementing the Plan Conclusion amtrak.com Page ii 2012 National Railroad Passenger Corporation. All Rights Reserved

3 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Executive Summary Overview View of the historic station, train shed and air rights development from the southwest. Image courtesy of Akridge/SBA. The Challenge Designed by Daniel Burnham and opened in 1907, Washington Union Station instantly became one of the pre-eminent passenger rail facilities in the world, and a national landmark. Today, with renewed growth in rail travel, it has emerged as one of the nation s busiest transportation hubs and a model for multimodal transportation centers across the country. The station is the second busiest in the Amtrak system, hosting 100,000 passenger trips per day. Eight Amtrak longdistance and regional train lines serve the station, in addition to Amtrak s Acela Express and Northeast Corridor routes, MARC and Virginia Railway Express (VRE) services, the Metrorail s Red Line, local, region, tour, and intercity bus lines, and two bicycle facilities. Streetcar service is soon to arrive, with a new line currently being constructed that will connect the station with surrounding neighborhoods. Located in a vibrant business district, and a retail and tourist destination in its own right, Union Station is an engine for sustainable economic growth, and its ability to expand and thrive is essential to continued regional vitality. Realizing the station s potential for growth must be accomplished within the existing station footprint, preserve the iconic existing Union Station, limit negative impacts on surrounding neighborhoods, and respect the historic legacy of Daniel Burnham s original station design and Washington s city plan. The Solution Amtrak and other stakeholders, including Union Station Redevelopment Corporation (USRC), United States Department of Transportation (USDOT), Maryland Transit Administration (MTA), Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation (VDRPT) and the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), among others, have engaged in a collaborative planning process, creating a world-class master plan that addresses existing deficiencies and provides for future growth. The Washington Union Station Master Plan (Master Plan) creates a framework for capital investment that will provide numerous local, regional, and national benefits. The plan is practical, with phased construction that can be accomplished incrementally. While Union Station has served the region well for over 100 years, it is now operating beyond its capacity, especially during rush hours and peak travel periods. Queues of departing Amtrak passengers form a halfhour before boarding begins and routinely extend into the public concourse, blocking flows. Additionally, the tracks and platforms do not comply with modern design standards, including the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the emergency egress standards of life safety codes. The mixing of train servicing activities with passengers both concentrated at the same end of the platforms creates circulation bottlenecks that will worsen as passenger volumes increase. Many of the station s support facilities are obsolete and inadequate for modern railroad operations. The plan will improve the primary functions of the station, focusing on the core needs and customer experience of a multimodal transportation center, by increasing: Capacity to triple the passengers in the station and double the train service, moving towards more sustainable transportation. Quality to improve the passenger and visitor experience as commuters and travelers move swiftly and efficiently across all modes of transportation. Vitality in the surrounding area by providing transportation and economic growth to support Washington as a nexus of cultural, political, and business opportunity in the region and nation. Prepared for Amtrak by Parsons Brinckerhoff & HOK Page 1 pbworld.com hok.com

4 July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C Diagrammatic view of the master plan from the southwest. 1 Concourse A 2 Concourse B 3 Concourse C 4 West Concourse 5 Central Concourse 6 Market Passage 7 Metro 8 Main Hall 9 Columbus Plaza The Master Plan creates a vision that celebrates the renaissance of rail transportation in the United States, expanding the truly wonderful station that serves millions each year rail passengers, transit riders, area workers and residents, tourists and the general public. Plan Elements The power of the Master Plan lies in its ability to create a high-functioning and wellintegrated multimodal transportation hub, as well as a wonderful new urban neighborhood all within a relatively confined space. The Master Plan matches the quality and vision of the original, iconic Union Station design, while creating a world-class transportation hub and preserving Union Station as an architectural treasure. The further appeal of the plan is its ability to create critical station space on multiple levels below the tracks and platforms. The Union Station Master Plan combines significant new passenger features with new connections to the city and a practical approach to phased construction. The heart of the plan is the creation of a new train shed that will welcome passengers to Washington, bring natural light to station spaces, and symbolically organize the connections of all transit modes. The new train shed will become the nexus for vertical connectivity to the commercial development above and horizontal connectivity between the train station and its neighborhood. The planted vegetated roof of the train shed will retain rainwater, and temper the interior environment. New passenger concourses will be seamlessly integrated with the existing historic station building, enabling passengers and visitors to spread throughout the station complex in light-filled spaces with significant retail and passenger amenities. Two north-south public concourses will form the backbone of the circulation system the Central Concourse on the north-south axis of the historic station, and the West Concourse connecting to Metro and the business district on the west side. These public concourses will connect new passenger spaces with the existing station, including a series of new street entrances along 1st and 2nd Streets. The existing Concourse A, which currently serves both intercity and commuter rail passengers, will be one of the first areas of improvement. This important passenger space will be substantially widened and opened vertically, fitted with a new glazed roof to increase natural light and spaciousness. This concourse will have a direct line of sight to the tracks and platforms, and will be the primary Amtrak waiting and boarding concourse. Amtrak s passengers will have a seamless experience extending from an improved taxi operation, amtrak.com Page National Railroad Passenger Corporation. All Rights Reserved

5 Drivers Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Executive Summary Passenger growth station usage exceeds capacity air-rights development Track & Platform deficiencies Increased Parking & Bus demands support facilities inadequate garage columns limit platform capacity Passenger growth metrorail red line at capacity DDot Streetcar implementation rail growth exceeds track capacity air-rights development nec High speed rail growth Actions Phase 1 immediate action Existing Concourse improvements 2 new tracks & platforms Crew base relocation Phase 2 - east side East side thru track & platform reconstruction new below grade parking added track capacity Phase 3 - west side & train shed demolish garage Stub-End track & platform improvements train shed construction Phase 4 - future capacity lower level tracks & new concourse New Metrorail line (above) New train shed as seen from H Street. (lower) The Concourse A looking northwest showing the waiting areas, skylights and mezzanine bridges. 1 NoMa refers to a DC neighborhood north of Union Station. The District of Columbia City Council approved creation of the NoMa Business Improvement District in Development has ushered in a number of prominent commercial businesses, government organizations, and retail establishments. through enlarged waiting areas and onto wide and open platforms. Complementing the renovated existing Concourse A, two new commuter concourses will efficiently connect rail passengers to the city. These new passenger concourses will be located one level below the tracks and platforms, with Concourse B, at approximately the center of the platforms, and Concourse C at the north ends of the platforms. While commuters will be able to use all three concourses, Concourses B and C will see primary commuter use. An east-west pedestrian connection directly beneath H Street, called the Market Passage, will interconnect with the other public concourses, offer more opportunities for retail uses, and help to re-weave the urban fabric of the city below the tracks and platforms. Union Station currently has 20 usable rail platform tracks, served by a combination of high-level and low-level platforms. All of these platforms are less than 20 feet wide and are only accessible to passengers at their southern ends. Many are interrupted by columns supporting the parking garage or the H Street Bridge. Capacity growth and safety standards cannot be achieved without realigning and re-spacing the station tracks; the Master Plan creates platforms that are wider, longer and straighter and capable of handling more passengers per train and more trains per hour than the existing platforms. The new platforms will meet ADA accessibility requirements and the rigorous emergency egress standards required in transit facilities. The new Union Station complex will be a multi-level facility, with new development above the tracks creating a new street network and neighborhood, and complementing the transportation functions below. Public spaces at the H Street level air rights development will focus on the new train shed with multiple, sky-lit atria that will bring both light and passengers to the station below. The air rights development will provide a number of new entrances to Union Station, crowned by a new northern entrance into the train shed, connecting the streetcar line, public plazas and passenger concourses with retail, hotels, offices and residences. Complementing the open space system, a new linear park will connect NoMa s 1 planned park improvements at L Street with landscaping and the northern continuation of the Metropolitan Bike Trail. Implementing the Plan The Master Plan envisions a phased construction effort over a year period, designed to efficiently implement the plan and minimize disruption to the station users and the surrounding neighborhoods. It incorporates a construction approach that is conducted in three phases of implementation: Phase 1 includes early action projects to facilitate subsequent construction phases Prepared for Amtrak by Parsons Brinckerhoff & HOK Page 3 pbworld.com hok.com

6 July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Central Concourse as viewed from the south showing waiting areas, reconstructed tracks and platforms, the first class lounge & retail opportunities. and relieve existing passenger and train congestion and significant improvements to Concourse A. Phase 2 includes reconstruction of the east side of the rail yard - providing all new tracks and platforms (with two tracks added to capacity), new passenger concourses, and replacement parking below. Phase 3 includes the renovation of the west side of the rail yard, including the terminal stub end tracks and construction of the train shed that will be the centerpiece of the passenger experience and the urban development above. Phase 4 provides for further expanded tracks and platforms on a lower level and the creation of a new Amtrak lowerlevel concourse, and provides the basis for extension of expanded high-speed rail service south to Virginia and the Southeastern United States. The phased construction allows major investments in new capacity to occur as needed, with the scope and timing of future investments based on travel demand and the availability of resources. Phased construction leverages the available untapped real estate that exists beneath the tracks and platforms, which is important as station facilities can not be expanded upwards or laterally. The construction will be implemented in a top-down approach, permitting the tracks and platforms to be built first, and allowing the air rights development platform and below-grade levels to be constructed simultaneously, or afterwards. Creating the foundations and support structure for the reconfigured train station will require a higher initial investment, but this up-front construction creates the opportunity for the construction of three million square feet of air rights development above coupled with six million square feet of station development below. Cost and Benefits The preliminary estimated cost for the station reconstruction and terminal capacity expansion is between $6.5 and $7.5 billion (2012 dollars). This provides for the construction of Phases 1, 2, and 3, and includes contingencies and allowances for design and other ancillary costs associated with implementation. When combined with an estimated $1.5 billion (2012 dollars) for the air rights development, this spending is estimated to have an impact on the Washington area economy of between $13.5 to $15 billion in gross regional product over the same year construction period. Additionally, expenditures by arriving Amtrak passengers at Union Station, currently at approximately $900 million, are projected to grow to approximately $2.75 billion, an increase of $1.85 billion, or 200%. By making this investment in Washington Union Station, the city and region receive enormous benefits. There will be room to comfortably triple the number of passengers and double the number of trains within the existing station footprint. Commuters will be able to move expeditiously through the station to their connections. And the plan will create significant public spaces that can be enjoyed for decades to come, knitting the city of Washington together in a way that has not been possible for 100 years. Union Station itself will strengthen its role as a destination, a magnet for commercial and cultural events, and the region s most significant transportation hub. Finally, the investment also makes possible the extension of high-speed rail service into the Southeastern United States. Conclusion The Master Plan is a visionary, yet practical way to meet the region s transportation needs for the next century. The Master Plan creates capacity, provides the highest quality passenger experience, and stimulates economic vitality for the National Capital Region. The plan provides and facilitates the local, regional and national travel capabilities to support Washington as the political, cultural, and business capital of the country. It is a practical way to rebuild Union Station because it uses a phased approach and is designed with the budget realities of today s world in mind. We have a once-in-ageneration opportunity to secure the longrange transportation and economic future of the Washington region and the Northeast mega-region by equipping Union Station for its second century of outstanding service to the traveling public. amtrak.com Page National Railroad Passenger Corporation. All Rights Reserved

7 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Executive Summary The Master Plan Challenge St. Pancras Station, London Goals Of the Study Increase Capacity Improve Passenger Experience Enhance Vitality The Master Plan connects a modernized rail infrastructure with the city infrastructure necessary to move millions of passengers a year through Union Station to jobs, homes, schools, cultural facilities and tourist destinations. With its unparalleled location, Union Station has the potential to surpass its peers around the world as a high capacity, efficiently functioning rail terminal, with extraordinary economic, social, and cultural benefits. However, realizing the station s potential for growth must be accomplished within the existing station footprint, preserve the iconic existing Union Station, limit negative impacts on surrounding neighborhoods, and respect the historic legacy of Daniel Burnham s original station design and Washington s city plan. Capacity Growth All three railroads Amtrak, MARC and VRE achieved record levels of ridership in 2011, and the train station is now close to the limits of its practical capacity, struggling to accommodate 8,000 rail passengers during weekday peak hours. Demand for other transit modes at Union Station will continue to grow, and plans for the introduction of high-performance high-speed rail, intercity bus, and streetcar service will add tens of thousands of additional daily occupants. Over the long term additional station capacity will be needed to accommodate this growth, and deferring action is not an option. The millions of people each year that will move through the station will require seamless transfers between intercity and commuter trains, Metrorail, Metrobus, Streetcar, taxis, parking, pedestrian systems, and bicycles. Passenger Experience The existing station tracks and platforms must be reconstructed to meet code requirements, improve passenger service and operational efficiency, and enable future growth in the number of passengers per train and passengers per hour. Station platforms do not meet the current requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) level boarding of trains is not possible with low platforms or high platforms that are too short; excessively steep ramps and parking garage columns result in unacceptable platform edge clearances. Overcrowding and congestion are daily occurrences at Union Station, with concourse, gate areas and Metro entrances routinely congested and long, uncontrolled boarding queues of Amtrak passengers extending into the public concourse. To provide the highest quality passenger experience, the Master Plan must incorporate lessons learned from comparable domestic and international stations, including: St. Pancras and King s Cross in London, Puerta de Atocha in Madrid, Gare du Nord in Paris, Antwerpen-Centraal, and the Berlin Hauptbahnhof. These facilities are inspirational in the ways they provide for passenger capacity, interconnect rail with other transportation modes, integrate with their surroundings, and become places of civic and national pride, and destinations in their own right. All of these stations achieve Prepared for Amtrak by Parsons Brinckerhoff & HOK Page 5 pbworld.com hok.com

8 July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Diagrammatic view of the reconstructed Concourse A in Phase 1. extraordinarily high passenger capacities within facility footprints similar to Union Station. Economic Vitality Union Station s surrounding environment is rapidly changing. Multiple plans for the station vicinity will affect the station s growth, including the emergence of the vibrant NoMa district surrounding the station and the three million square feet of mixed use development planned for the station s air rights. The retail at Union Station is already being redeveloped and offers significant potential to further shape the character and appeal of the station vicinity. fulfill its role to transform the Washington metro area and the mega-region that stretches from North Carolina and Virginia through New England, and beyond. As regional roadways become more congested and fuel prices continue to rise, increasing numbers of people will live in locations easily accessible to rail service. Making travel easier and journey times shorter, Union Station will ultimately shape the spatial development of the region, influencing decisions of people and companies about where they locate. On a broader scale, the challenge of the Master Plan is to enable Union Station to amtrak.com Page National Railroad Passenger Corporation. All Rights Reserved View of station looking southeast showing midday storage of equipment on active platforms

9 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Executive Summary A Growing Union Station The train shed looking southwest showing the vegetated green roof. The power of the Master Plan lies in its ability to create a high-functioning and wellintegrated multimodal transportation hub, as well as a wonderful new urban neighborhood all within a relatively confined space. The Master Plan matches the quality and vision of the original, iconic Union Station design, while creating a world-class transportation hub and preserving Union Station as an architectural treasure. The further appeal of the plan is its ability to create critical station space on multiple levels below the tracks and platforms. At Union Station, the opportunity exists to create both a high-capacity train station and a compact, efficient and wellconnected hub for multiple transportation modes. New Train Shed For many international visitors, Union Station is one of their first impressions of the Nation s Capital. Therefore, the Master Plan has foreseen a new design of a world-class transportation hub worthy of a great nation. The heart of the plan is the creation of a new train shed that will welcome passengers to Prepared for Amtrak by Parsons Brinckerhoff & HOK Page 7 pbworld.com hok.com

10 EEN SPACE V ERTICA L CIRCUL ATION TOTA L TR K S 25K ET TR H S TRE G S July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. CN N CA R E GPO FIRS T P OS TA L SQUA R E U NIO N A PA 7 7K CEN T ER KING PL A Z A 1S T S T R EE T 4 CONCOURSE B B U S T E R M I N A L & PA R K I N G 3 AC C E S S UND 5 2 R K ST R E TA I L R E TA I L AG E 1 SS T PA CENTR AL CONCOURSE ERP ASS PA R K I N G / RKE R E TA I L TA X I S TAG I N G MA WEST CONCOURSE R E TA I L CONCOURSE C METRO PA R K I N G AMTR AK SUPPORT AC C E S S F R O M PA R K I N G FUNCTIONS 6 AC C E S S F R O M B E L OW B E L OW REA BUILDING ING S EN AT E S TAT I O N P L AC E SQUA R E 2ND STR CA PITO L P L ACE the historic station, will (+20 tie all parts of the ) above and horizontal connectivity between multimodal hub together: the historic building 2 Master Plan July 17, 2012 Concourse B Washington Union Terminal the train station and its neighborhood. The 3 Concourse C planted vegetated roof of the train shed will neighborhood, passenger concourse, and 4 West Concourse retain rainwater, and temper the interior transit connections. The Central Concourse environment. will consist of a 50-foot wide and 100-foot 5 Central Concourse 6 Market Passage and the new rail infrastructure, the H Street high pedestrian passage linking all three The new train shed features a modern green arrival and departure concourses, and be ribbon roof design. It matches the quality lined with retail and public amenities. The and vision of the original, iconic Union connection of the Central Concourse to the Station design, while creating a world class existing station will become the new central transportation hub. hub of the station and will have dramatic views into the train shed. This intersection N e w P u b l i c a n d Pa s s e n g e r will also represent a symbolic joining of the C o n cou r s e s historic Burnham building to the south and The Master Plan addresses the challenges the future of rail to the north. The Central of passenger crowding and confusion by Concourse will be entirely covered with both enlarging the existing Amtrak and an iconic skylight that is one of a series of commuter rail concourse and also providing undulating forms that are an integral part of new public and passenger concourses that the train shed. are convenient to use and easy to access. a m tra k.co m Pedestrian circulation in the station will be A new West Concourse will supplement organized around two major north-south the north-south circulation capacity of the concourses located one level below the Central Concourse, running the length of existing tracks and platforms at the 1st the station complex and linking the Metrorail Street level. Both of these public concourses Red Line station with the NoMa district will have natural light since the tracks above to the north. The West Concourse will be Page National Railroad Passenger Corporation. All Rights Reserved Concourse A (level above) The Central Concourse, on the axis of connectivity to the commercial development PH AS E I FIRST STR LEVEL train shed will become the nexus for vertical TR K S R I ST down to the concourse level. ET will be re-positioned to provide openings spaces, and symbolically organize the connections of all transit modes. The new 1 TRE H S Washington, bring natural light to station E T N below the tracks and platforms. E TRE G S Plan of 1st Street Level showing new concourses

11 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Executive Summary Passenger information signage primarily used by transferring commuter rail passengers, but will also serve as an amenity to the entire Union Station area with many connections to 1st Street and lined with retail. The existing rail concourse, shown as Concourse A in this plan will be expanded, doubling its present capacity, and revitalized with new architectural finishes and a skylit roof that will allow sunlight to fill and enliven the space. The taxi roadway above the existing concourse will be relocated, further opening up the volume of space within the concourse. Concourse A will be the primary area used for departing Amtrak passengers, and will also be used by all arriving passengers - both intercity and commuters. Two large waiting areas within Concourse A will provide seating for departing passengers and queuing space at the gates leading to the train platforms. Amtrak is improving the passenger experience with e-ticketing and concierge-style customer service, and will provide these amenities at the entrances from the public concourse into the waiting and gate areas, with reception desks staffed by Amtrak personnel, providing train information, handling ticketing transactions, directing passengers to other services within the station, and checking the validity of tickets for passengers entering the waiting area. Concourse A will become the heart of intercity rail passenger service at Union Station. Two additional east-west concourses will be constructed one level below the existing tracks and platforms. Concourse B will be located at the mid-point of the platforms and will become a commuter concourse for MARC and VRE passenger services, including ticketing, train information and seated waiting areas. The northernmost Concourse C will have access to all platforms at their northern ends, and will provide a convenient pedestrian route to and from Central Concourse as viewed from the south showing waiting areas, reconstructed tracks and platforms, the first class lounge & retail opportunities. Prepared for Amtrak by Parsons Brinckerhoff & HOK Page 9 pbworld.com hok.com

12 EEN SPACE V ERTICA L CIRCUL ATION TOTA L NW 25K STR TH OL ET NOR IT CAP TR K S TR H S TRE G S July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. CN N CA R E GPO FIRS T P OS TA L SQUA R E B E LOW G R A D E PA R K I N G E U NIO N S A PA 7 7K TR CEN T ER E E PL A Z A T N EL W 1S T S T R EE T G R E E N WAY & B I K E T R A I L W O P E N TO B E LOW RR 3 TICKETING COLUMBUS CIRCLE 1 4 O P E N TO B E LOW 5 R E A PA R K I N G LOT 2 RR REA BUILDING R ADE S EN AT E S TAT I O N P L AC E NG SQUA R E AG I N G 2ND STR CA PITO L P L ACE The Master Plan provides for new tracks and 3 West Side Stub End Tracks departing and arriving passengers, providing 4 Main Hall access to every platform in the station and and future project rail planning standards maximizing the operational flexibility of and all safety and accessibility requirements. both intercity and commuter rail. Arriving The new platforms will be substantially wider, passengers will be able to exit the platform longer and straighter and capable of handling to any of the three concourses, which will double the passengers per train and more minimize the time required to clear the trains per hour than the existing platforms. platforms of passengers following train These widened platforms are particularly arrivals. The multiple concourses also will important for the large passenger loads of help evenly distribute passengers throughout commuter trains. A key component in the the station. Master Plan is the proposed removal and 5 Central Concourse (below) platforms at the station that will meet current replacement of the existing parking deck a m tra k.co m T r a c ks a n d P l atfo r m s that was constructed in the 1970 s and The Master Plan will replace or modernize later expanded by the USRC. Presently a virtually all of the elements of railroad revenue source for USRC, the parking deck infrastructure within the terminal limits provides bus access and parking for 2,200 tracks, structures, electric power systems, cars at the station. Unfortunately, the signaling and train control systems and constricted column grid of the deck at the rolling stock storage and maintenance platform level prevents the current tracks facilities. Switches within the station and platforms from being reconstructed with area will be upgraded to better geometric the configuration and dimensions necessary standards, and configuration of tracks and to accommodate future passenger capacity. switches in the terminal will be adjusted to The Master Plan team studied numerous facilitate better train movement into and alternatives to the removal of the parking out of the station. The Master Plan will deck, and concluded that replacement of the Page National Railroad Passenger Corporation. All Rights Reserved Washington Master Plan July 17, 2012 East Side Run-Thru Tracks Union Terminal Concourses A, B, and C will primarily serve the eventual new fleet of high-performance, after exiting the platforms. rolling stock. M AIN L E V EL (+58.5 high-speed ) TR K S of longer trainsets and a larger fleet, and transfer to Metro without a change in levels will have convenient, direct access to PH AS E I LEVEL 0 Concourse A R I ST requirements for storage and maintenance 2 accommodate commuter railroad and Amtrak station. Passengers using these concourses ET 1 the neighborhoods lying to the north of the E T N tracks and platforms and the historic train station. TRE H S Main Level plan ofa Lthe station reconstructed FED ER J U DICI A L CENshowing T ER E TRE G S T H U RGOO D M A RS H A L L B UIL DIN G /

13 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Executive Summary parking capacity to a below-grade facility is critical to meeting rail infrastructure needs, and will also allow the highest and best possible use of the parking garage site for redevelopment and creation of a public amenity. Service access to the platforms will be provided via a series of new elevators located near the mid-points of the platforms to minimize interference with rail passengers. The service elevators will link to a belowgrade network of service corridors. The east side run-through tracks (which travel under the station through the 1st Street tunnel to points south) will be reconstructed to provide eight platform tracks and five platforms, including three tracks with low level boarding platform edges, to accommodate bi-level commuter trainsets, as well as Amtrak s Superliner equipment, that are only able to unload and load passengers from a low level boarding platform. All tracks will be equipped with an overhead catenary system to accommodate electric locomotives. The west side stub-end tracks will be reconstructed with six high level boarding platforms and twelve stub-end tracks. These tracks will be spaced to open the north-south axis of the Central Concourse to natural light and the activity of the train shed. Terminal Capacity Expansion The track and platform reconstruction and passenger concourse improvements will increase Union Station s rail passenger handling capacity. However, additional investments in terminal capacity rail facilities will be needed to enable MARC, VRE and Amtrak rail service to keep growing to meet future demand. These investments include Interior view of the train shed looking north showing the reconstructed track and platforms at the main level Prepared for Amtrak by Parsons Brinckerhoff & HOK Page 11 pbworld.com hok.com

14 July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C MARC DIESEL TRACKS 2 PARKING 1 METRO WASHINGTON UNION STATION Diagrammatic cross section looking north showing the reconstructed tracks and platforms, train shed, air rights development and replacement parking. the expansion of mid-day storage capacity for commuter trains and expansion of Amtrak fleet storage and maintenance facilities. The plan will enhance the capacity available for handling, commissary, and rail support functions in space below the station tracks, thereby providing secure facilities that do not conflict with the public and passenger East Side Run-Thru Tracks West Side Stub End Tracks Train Shed West Concourse Central Concourse Parking Service Air Rights Development mid-day storage of commuter trains within the existing limits of the terminal. However, dock facilities will be provided on the lowest PHASE at some I point EAST-WEST in the future, the capacity of level of the station SECTION complex, connected via (LO the existing facilities will be reached and the service passageways to the existing station Washington Union Terminal Master Plan May 18, 2012 development of a new commuter storage and to the service elevators leading to the yard on a new parcel of land will be required. platforms. The Master Plan identifies potential sites for these functions, and improvements to the terminal s approach tracks and junctions that will also be required to increase the volume of trains that can operate to and from Washington (and between Union Station and the servicing facilities at Ivy City). spaces above. Station servicing and loading Station Support Facilities The Master Plan includes a detailed program of support uses at the station today and projected space needs for the future. Projected space needs vary based upon function, but overall space needs to support train growth are generally expected to double during the year life of the plan. A number of near-term opportunities for support space are identified in the plan and will be studied moving forward, including acquisition or lease of space adjacent to the station. Ultimately, full development of all phases of the plan will provide for the ability to locate all crew base, baggage amtrak.com Page National Railroad Passenger Corporation. All Rights Reserved

15 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Executive Summary BUILD WITH PLATFORM EL MAIN LEVEL EL ST STR MARC DEISEL TRACKS LOWER LEVEL EL. +42 PARKING METRO 4 5 EL. +20 PARKING EL PARKING EL. -3 PARKING EL SERVICE EL WASHINGTON UNION STATION Diagrammatic future Phase 4 cross section looking north showing lower level tracks and platforms. Future Possibilities While the Master Plan improvements will allow Amtrak and the commuter railroads to maximize the existing rail infrastructure a bored tunnel from Union Station northeast to the vicinity of the Anacostia River. An additional tunnel would connect the station with new train storage and maintenance at the terminal, demand for rail service will facilities in the Ivy City area. Additionally, someday rise to the level where the practical the plan provides that future tracks from PHASE II capacity EAST-WEST of these facilities is reached. This the lower SECTION level of Union Station could be (LOO East Side Run-Thru Tracks West Side Stub End Tracks Train Shed West Concourse Central Concourse Parking Service Air Rights Development Lower Level Tracks could happen as early as 2030, depending extended to the south, enabling extension Washington Union Terminal Master Plan March 28, 2012 on the pace of growth and investment in of high-performance high-speed rail overall rail system capacity. To provide for service to Virginia, North Carolina, and the this future capacity the Master Plan allows southeastern United States. for the development of a new lower level of tracks and platforms in a zone beneath the Collectively, all of the improvements west side stub tracks that can be excavated envisioned in the Master Plan would generate to create six additional station tracks (or up a quantum increase in the capacity of the to nine if needed for additional capacity). terminal, setting it up to serve local, regional, and national transportation needs through The lower-level development would provide the 21st Century. space for a new concourse for Amtrak, in-between the upper and lower platform levels, with dedicated facilities for Amtrak passengers including a reception area, ticketing, baggage claim, waiting areas, and first class lounges. This new Amtrak concourse would be beneath the central skylights of both the Central Concourse and the train shed, allowing abundant natural light. The areas available for Amtrak passengers would be ample enough to support a potential four-fold increase in the volume of peak hour intercity traffic. The lower track level would be connected to the Northeast Corridor main line by means of Prepared for Amtrak by Parsons Brinckerhoff & HOK Page 13 pbworld.com hok.com

16 July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Escalators down to the Central Concourse in the train shed. The vegetated roof and Air Rights development can also be seen. amtrak.com Page National Railroad Passenger Corporation. All Rights Reserved

17 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Executive Summary A Multi modal Facility Already a major regional transportation hub, Union Station s importance will grow as the level of rail and transit ridership increases in the future. As many as 100,000 rail and transit passenger trips are made daily through Union Station, making it one of the nation s busiest rail stations. The station is a true multi-modal facility with access to intercity and commuter rail, Metrorail, intercity, commuter and local buses, taxis, cars, pedestrians, bicycles and, in the near future, a streetcar line. Union Station originally had a simple arrangement of public spaces that was well understood by passengers, but the station has become complex and unclear with changes over time. Today there are unmarked station entrances, intersecting and conflicting paths of travels, and safety concerns related to small carts and electrified service vehicles. Recognizing the problems that currently exist, the USRC is in the process of implementing a comprehensive and coordinated system of signage and graphics to assist pedestrians. The Master Plan builds upon this system and employs spatial planning principles that focus on axial concourses that utilize natural light where possible. The Master Plan improves passenger flows and relieves congestion within the station by spreading people over a much larger area of the station complex. The plan increases the size of concourses, waiting areas and vertical circulation elements and more evenly distributes railroad passenger loads among multiple concourses, with several possible routes for commuters to travel between trains and the Metro. Metrorail Currently WMATA s busiest station, 68,000 metrorail passengers utilize Union Station each weekday. Today, the greatest points of congestion within the station surround the Metrorail s access points. The Master Plan incorporates Metrorail s near-term station improvements at the north mezzanine and provides a new pedestrian network at the Metrorail mezzanine level that offers convenient connections to all of the passenger concourses and to 1st Street and NoMa via the West Concourse. The Master Plan also recognizes that at some point in the future the Metrorail Red Line will reach its capacity at Union Station, and anticipates new Metrorail capacity serving Union Station. WMATA, operator of the Metrorail, has initiated long-range planning for a possible new line serving Union Station, but a preferred alignment has not yet been identified, and thus the Master Plan allows for future pedestrian connections to a new Metrorail station in any of several possible configurations. Streetcar The District of Columbia Department of Transportation (DDOT) has planned a network of streetcar tracks that will connect Union Station along H Street and Benning Road to the east, and along K Street to Georgetown to the west. The Master Plan addresses both long-term and interim goals for the streetcar program. To address the long-term goal, the Master Plan assumes Prepared for Amtrak by Parsons Brinckerhoff & HOK Page 15 pbworld.com hok.com

18 EEN SPACE V ERTICA L CIRCUL ATION TOTA L TR K S 25K ET TR H S TRE G S July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. CN N CA R E GPO FIRS T P OS TA L SQUA R E U NIO N A PA 7 7K CEN T ER KING PL A Z A CONCOURSE C 5 PA R K I N G AMTR AK SUPPORT AC C E S S F R O M PA R K I N G FUNCTIONS B E L OW REA BUILDING 7 S TAT I O N P L AC E 2ND STR 6 B E L OW AC C E S S F R O M ING ASS PA R K I N G / AC C E S S ERP 4 CENTR AL CONCOURSE UND TA X I S TAG I N G B U S T E R M I N A L & PA R K I N G R E TA I L R K ST R E TA I L AG E 5 SS T PA 3 RKE R E TA I L 2 MA WEST CONCOURSE R E TA I L CONCOURSE B METRO 7 1S T S T R EE T S EN AT E SQUA R E CA PITO L P L ACE in front of the main station entrance on.5 ) ( PH AS E I FIRST STR LEVEL Metrorail Parking could descend directly down the H Street Washington Union Terminal Master Plan July 17, 2012 underpass concourse. An interim plan for the Columbus Plaza, adding to congestion and disrupting the visual imagery of Union 3 Taxi streetcar has been developed that provides 4 Intercity Bus permits construction of the Master Plan. The The Master Plan addresses the need for buses in two ways. First, a new off-street Station from Capitol Hill. easy access to Union Station and also 5 Tourist Bus Master Plan provides efficient and seamless 6 Metrobus connections between the streetcar and bus terminal that can both meet today s all other modes of transportation at Union demand and allow for future growth is Station. planned for the below-grade zone at the 7 Pedestrian Entrance a m tra k.co m north end of the station complex. Locating Bu s e s the Bus Terminal at the northern end Intercity, Circulator, Metrobus, commuter of the station complex helps to better and tour buses serve Union Station. Buses distribute pedestrians within the complex can be accessed from the Bus Deck on the and provides a northern anchor for the lowest level of the parking garage and in the Central Concourse. Bus passengers will front of the Station in Columbus Plaza. Tour have direct access to concourses lined with bus activity peaks in the spring and summer shops, cafés and restaurants that have seasons with 23 buses per hour and 1,300 vitality and sunlight from skylights, as well passengers in the afternoon. With the recent as direct pedestrian connections to all other addition of Megabus and BoltBus services, transportation modes. Secondly, those there are expected to be a peak of forty- local and commuter bus services that remain three buses per hour and 3,200 to 4,400 at the street level will be better organized, passengers, adding further congestion to consolidated and routed to a more limited the over-capacity station concourses. Local number of bus stops around the perimeter Metrobus and express bus routes operate on of the station site, with improved pedestrian Massachusetts Avenue, North Capitol Street connections to and from the station complex. and H Street with multiple stops serving The specific solution for local bus service and Page National Railroad Passenger Corporation. All Rights Reserved tourist bus services operate at the curb In inclement weather, streetcar passengers between bus routes. Additionally, several Street via the train shed station entrance. intermodal connections and connections Bridge with access to the station from H TR K S R I ST Union Station providing relatively poor positioned on the crest of the H Street ET 2 TRE H S 1 a streetcar station at Union Station E T N of transport. E TRE G S 1st Street Plan showing connection to various modes

19 EN SPACE VERTICAL CIRCULATION TOTAL G STR H STR NORTH CAPITOL STR NW GPO CNN Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. Executive Summary CA RE FIRST 25K K STR POSTAL SQUARE APA UNION CENTER 77K E STR NW PLAZA 4 1ST STR W 1 5 COLUMBUS PLAZA 4 TRAIN SHED 5 5 K-TOWER REA BUILDING STATION PLACE SEN ATE SQUARE 2ND STR CA PITOL PLACE THURGOOD MARSHALL BUILDING / Preliminary H FEDERAL Street JUDICIAL Plan showing CENTER multimodal vehicular traffic in general in the vicinity of connections and air rights development. the station will be determined as a result of a G STR I STR H STR detailed traffic study to be undertaken in the next phase of master planning. 1 PHASE Streetcar I ROOF PLAN Taxis Greenway Bicycle Taxi Washington Union Terminal Master Plan July 17, 2012 Currently, business and leisure travelers must navigate their way from the trains to the single taxi stand located at the front of the station. Passengers with baggage must 5 Pedestrian Entrance travel over 2,000 feet if they are seated in the northern most train car and traverse a maze of passageways and halls to the taxi stand. At peak conditions, the queue for today s taxi service can extend around the station through the bus deck onto the H Street Bridge. Similarly, queues for arriving passengers can extend from the taxi pick up stand to the eastern end of the arcade at the front of the station. In the short term, operational changes can be made with limited operating costs to alleviate this condition. Over the long term, providing multiple taxi stands and pick up points would reduce wait times and queue lengths. The Master Plan considers multiple taxi stand locations near the new station entrances. It is also possible within the Master Plan to bring the taxi staging and primary dropoff and pick-up functions within the lower levels of the station complex, enabling rail passengers to access taxis directly adjacent to the passenger concourses and removing the queues of taxicabs from the surface roadways surrounding the station. Removing taxis from Columbus Plaza would also reduce the visual and environmental impacts of the taxi operation in that area, and allow an alternative vision for Columbus Circle would be a pedestrian friendly public plaza free of vehicles. Parking The existing Union Station parking garage provides approximately 2,200 parking spaces for visitors to Union Station, and general neighborhood parking, and currently, only a small percentage of Amtrak and commuter rail passengers drive and park at the station. With the improved multi-modal connections provided by the Master Plan, the percentage of passengers getting to or from the station by private auto is expected to drop even further making Union Station one of the top rail stations in the U.S. in terms of the share of passengers using transit. Even so, the total future requirement for parking at Union Station will increase to 5,000 cars, including Amtrak and retail requirements, K STR Prepared for Amtrak by Parsons Brinckerhoff & HOK Page 17 pbworld.com hok.com

20 July 25th 2012 Union Station Master Plan, Washington D.C. The Greenway as seen from 1st street looking north with the air rights development office & hotel buildings. Image courtesy of Akridge/SBA. rental cars, taxi queueing, and parking for the new commercial and residential space in the air rights development. The Master Plan provides for this parking in several locations: below the new east side tracks and platforms, above the tracks in a single level of parking below the air rights development, and ideally, south of the station below lots controlled by other stakeholders. The plan calls for 2,500 parking spaces below the east side tracks in a garage that would have immediate access to the Central Concourse. In the southern location the plan identifies a potential for 1,500 parking spaces in a multi-story parking garage below Columbus Plaza and in lots controlled by the Architect of the Capitol. If the southern parking locations prove infeasible, the below station option could be expanded to allow for required parking growth. bikestation located at the southwest corner of the historic building with storage for 150 bicycles; and a bikeshare station located at the southeast corner of station. The Master Plan promotes the use of bicycles by extending the existing Metropolitan Branch bike trail approximately one mile from its current terminus at the NOMA-Gallaudet U (New York Ave) Metrorail station to the Union Station bikestation. The new bike path will be part of a proposed Greenway along the west edge of the Union Station complex. Bikesharing facilities also might be added along the Greenway corridor, providing fullservice opportunities for bicyclists. Bicycles Washington DC and surrounding jurisdictions have been in the forefront nationally in promoting a sustainable and healthy form of transportation - the bicycle. At Union Station there are two bicycle facilities: a amtrak.com Page National Railroad Passenger Corporation. All Rights Reserved