Propolis : medical properties and ophthalmologic use

Transcription

1 3URSROLV7ÕEELg]HOOLNOHULYH2IWDOPRORMLN.XOODQÕPÕ 'U øeudklp ) +HSúHQ 1, Dr. Fikret Tilgen 1, Dr. Hamdi Er 1 3URSROLV EDO DUÕVÕ WDUDIÕQGDQ ELWNLOHUGHQ WRSODQÕS NRYDQGD UHWLOHQ GR DO ELU U QG U )ODYRQRLGOHU LOH NDIHLN DVLW YH HVWHUOHUL SURSROLVGH HQ ID]OD EXOXQDQ YH EL\RORMLN RODUDN DNWLI ELOHúHQOHUGLU (VNL \ÕOODUGDQ EHUL KDON KHNLPOHUL WDUDIÕQGDQ ohúlwol KDVWDOÕNODUÕQ WHGDYLVLQGH NXOODQÕODJHOHQ SURSROLVLQ DQWLPLNURELN DQWLLQIODPDWXYDU UHMHQHUDWLI DQWLRNVLGDQ YH DQWLQHRSODVWLN HWNLOHUL ELOLPVHO odoõúpdoduod GD LVSDWODQPÕúWÕU %L] KHUJHoHQ J Q SRSXODULWHVL DUWDQ YH orn IDUNOÕ DPDoODU LoLQ QHULOHQ SURSROLVOH LOJLOL VRQ OLWHUDW U gözden geçirdik ve özellikle antiinflamatuvar, antioksidan ve antineoplastik etkileriyle, topikal ve sistemik SURSROLVLQ ELUoRN SDWRORMLQLQ WHGDYLVLQGH \HQL XIXNODU DoDELOHFH LQL GLNNDWOHUH VXQGXN >7XUJXW g]do 7ÕS Merkezi Dergisi 1996;3(4): ] Anahtar Kelimeler: Propolis, anti-infektif ajanlar, antiinflamatuvar, antioksidan, sitostatik Propolis is a natural hive product which is collected from buds, and produced by honey bee. The major compounds of propolis are flavonoids and caffeic acid esters which are also responsible for biologic activity of propolis. Propolis has been long used by folk medicine. It possesses versatile biologic activities proved on a scientific basis, including antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, regenerative, antioxidant, and cytostatic. We reviewed the current literature for propolis which is being more popular remedy recommended many different purposes. These properties of propolis may be new horizon in the treatment of some pathologies. [Journal of Turgut Özal Medical Center 1996;3(4): ] Key Words: Propolis, antiinfective agents, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, cytostatic 3URSROLV EDO DUÕODUÕ WDUDIÕQGDQ NRYDQGD UHWLOHQ GR DO ELU U QG U dhúlwol ELWNLOHULQ \DSUDN J YGH YH WRPXUFXNODUÕQGDQ LúoL DUÕODU WDUDIÕQGDQ WRSODQÕS kovanda biriktirilen propolis keskin ve güzel kokulu, VXGD HULPH\HQ DFÕPVÕ WDWWD EDOPXPX YH ELWNL ] VX\XQGDQ ROXúDQ ELU PDGGHGLU $UÕODU SURSROLVL NRYDQODUÕQ odwodn YH KDVDUODQPÕú \HUOHULQLQ WDPLULQGH GÕú RUWDPGDQ L]ROH HGLOPHVLQGH JLULú GHOLNOHULQLQ GDUDOWÕOPDVÕQGD GH]HQIHNVL\RQXQGD YH NRYDQÕQ LoLQH JLUHQ ]DUDUOÕ PDGGHOHU mikroorganizmalar ve böceklerin mumyalanarak HWNLVL] KDOH JHWLULOPHVL LúOHPOHULQGH NXOODQÕUODU 35232/ø6ø1 ød(5øöø 3URSROLVLQ LoHUGL L PDGGHOHULQ ohúlgl YH PLNWDUÕ WRSODQGÕ Õ ELWNLQLQ W U QH J UH GH LúLU 3HN orn IDUNOÕ ELWNLOHUGHQ WRSODQDQ YH ELUoRN ELOHúL LQ ELWNL ] VX\XQGDQ KLo ELU GH LúLNOL H X UDPDGDQ \DSÕVÕQD NDWÕOGÕ Õ SURSROLV LoLQ HQ QHPOL ND\QD ÕQ 3RSROXV 1LJUD NDUD NDYDN ELWNLVL ROGX X G ú Q OPHNWHGLU 3URSROLVLQ NLP\DVDO ELOHúLPL orn NRPSOHNV ELU \DSÕ\D VDKLSWLU 3URSROLVLQ \ NVHN UH]RO V\RQOX JD] kromatografik incelemesi sonucu toplam 100 den ID]OD ELOHúHQ WHVELW HGLOPLúWLU Propolisin en çok NXOODQÕODQ IRUPX RODQ HWDQROLN HNVWUDNWÕQÕQ ((3 NXUX D ÕUOÕ ÕQÕQ VLQGHQ ID]ODVÕQÕ IHQROLN 1 øq Q hqlyhuvlwhvl 7ÕS )DN OWHVL * ] +DVWDOÕNODUÕ $QDELOLP 'DOÕ 0DODW\D 386 7XUJXW g]do 7ÕS 0HUNH]L 'HUJLVL

2 +HSúHQ ø) et al. (flavonoidler: flavonlar, flavononlar ve flavonoller) YH LOJLOL ELOHúLNOHU IHQROLN DVLWOHU YH HVWHUOHUL NXPDULQOHU NHWRQODU YH GL HUOHUL LOH HQ D] ohúlw kaffeik asit esteri (kaffeik asit benzil ester, salisilik asit benzil ester, sinnamik asit benzil ester ve kaffeik DVLW IHQHWLO HVWHU &$3( ROXúWXUXU LOH flavonoidler EEP de en fazla miktarda bulunan ve EL\RORMLN RODUDN DNWLI ELOHúLNOHUGLU %LRORMLN RODUDN flavonoller flavon ve flavononlardan çok daha aktiftir. Galangin, kamferol, kuersetin ve krisin major IODYRQRLGOHUGLU øvrdoslqlq NDPIHULG UDPQRVLWLQ ramnetin, pinosembrin ve pinobanksin ise minor IODYRQRLGOHUGLU %X ELOHúLNOHULQ D\UÕ D\UÕ NXOODQÕPODUÕQD J UH IODYRQRO YH IODYRQODUÕQ ELUOLNWH NXOODQÕOPDVÕ VLQHUMLVWLN HWNL HOGH HGLOPHVLQL VD ODU (9,11). /LSLGOHU \DNODúÕN RUDQÕQGD SURSROLVGH \HU DOÕUODU %X PLNWDUÕQ QX \D DVLWOHUL LQL ise steroller, hidrokarbonlar ve uzun zincirli alkoller JLEL VDEXQODúPD\DQ PDGGHOHU ROXúWXUXU 3DOPLWLN DVLW YH VWHUDLN DVLW EXOXQDQ GR\PXú \D DVLWOHULQH UQHNWLU 'R\PDPÕú \D DVLWOHULQGHQ GH LVH QHUYROLN HLFRVDSHQWDHQRLF DUDúLGRQLN ROHLN OLQROHLN YH OLQROHQLN DVLWOHU SURSROLVGHQ L]ROH HGLOPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ \DSÕVÕQGD D\UÕFD JOXNR] IUXNWR] YH VXNUR] JLEL úhnhuohu DPLQR DVLWOHU % 1, B 2, C YH ( YLWDPLQOHUL LOH EDNÕU NXUúXQ GHPLU PROLEGHQ aluminyum, nikel, stronsiyum, vanadium, magnezyum, çinko, manganez ve kalsiyum HOHPHQWOHULQLQ GH EXOXQGX X J VWHULOPLúWLU Liyofilize polifenolik propolisin aköz formunun IL]LNRNLP\DVDO ]HOOLNOHUL LQFHOHQPLú YH GLVRVLDV\RQ NDWVD\ÕVÕ RUWDODPD [[ -4 mol -1, adsorbsiyon yüzey enerjisi 2.86x10 3 NFDOPRO YH GR\PD QRNWDVÕ ise 2.2x10-10 mol/cm 2 NRQVDQWUDV\RQD HúGH HU RODUDN EHOLUOHQPLúWLU 3URSROLV YH EDO KHU LNLVL GH GR DO EDO DUÕVÕ U Q ROPDNOD EHUDEHU LoHULN \ Q QGHQ IDUNOÕ ROGXNODUÕ ELOLQPHNWHGLU $QFDN LNL U Q Q KHP IDUNOÕ LoHULNOHULQH \ QHOLN KHP GH WÕEEL DPDoOÕ NXOODQÕPÕQD \ QHOLN NDUúÕODúWÕUPDOÕ LQFHOHPH \DSÕOGÕ ÕQD GDLU OLWHUDW UH UDVWODQPDPÕúWÕU %DOÕQ JOXNR]GDQ EDúND fermentler, organik asitler, mineraller, pek çok vitaminler, folik asit, askorbik asit, keratin, albumin YH DQWLEL\RWLNOHUGHQ ROXúWX X ELOLQPHNWHGLU P5232/ø6ø1 7,%%ø g=(//ø./(5ø drn HVNL \ÕOODUGDQ EHUL SURSROLV KDON KHNLPOHUL WDUDIÕQGDQ HQ orn DQWLVHSWLN DQWLEDNWHUL\HO DQWLLQIODPDWXYDU YH UHMHQHUDWLI DPDoODUOD ohúlwol KDULFL YH GDKLOL KDVWDOÕNODUÕQ WHGDYLVLQGH GR DO ELU LODo RODUDN NXOODQÕODJHOPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ DQWLPLNURELN 18), antiinflamatuvar (12,19,20), ve rejeneratif (15,21,22) HWNLOHUL \DQÕQGD LPP QRPRG ODW U antioksidan (24-27), antimutajenik (28), ve karsinostatik (29-31) HWNLOHUL GH DUWÕN ELOLPVHO odoõúpdoduod NDQÕWODQPÕúWÕU Propolisin antimikrobik etkisi bakterileri (12,16), YLU VOHUL PDQWDUODUÕ ve parazitleri (32) NDSVDPDNWDGÕU $QWLEDNWHUL\HO HWNLVL ]HOOLNOH JUDP NRNODU LOH JUDP EDVLOOHU ]HULQGH J ]OHQPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ O N DN ] HNVWUDNWÕQÕQ LQ YLWUR olarak üst solunum yolu infeksiyonu yapan ajanlara NDUúÕ EDNWHULVLGDO HWNL J VWHUGL L VDSWDQPÕúWÕU Propolisin in vitro olarak besiyerinde antibiyotiklerin HWNLVLQL DUWÕUDUDN YH HWNL V UHOHULQL X]DWDUDN VLQHUMLVWLN HWNL J VWHUGL L WHVELW HGLOPLú ROXS E \OH ELU HWNLOHúLPLQ 0ø& GH HULQL ROXúWXUPDN LoLQ YHULOPHVL JHUHNHQ DQWLEL\RWLN PLNWDUÕQÕ D]DOWWÕ Õ EHOLUOHQPLúWLU 'L HU \DQGDQ Staphylococcus aureus un dirençli ROGX X DQWLEL\RWLNOHUOH NRPELQH HGLOGL LQGH EX EDNWHULOHULQ EX DQWLEL\RWLNOHUH KDOHQ GX\DUOÕ ROGX X GD J U OP úw U Elektronmikroskopik ve PLNURNDORULPHWULN ELU odoõúpdgd SURSROLVLQ EX antibakteriyel etkisini hücre bölünmesini önleyerek PH\GDQD JHWLUGL L J VWHULOPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ DQWLPLNURELN HWNLQOL LQLQ HVDV RODUDN pinosembrin, galangin, pinosilvin ve pinobanksin gibi flavonoidler, sinnamiliden asetik asit, benzil p- NXPDUDW YH NDIHLN DVLW HVWHUOHULQH ED OÕ ROGX X ELOGLULOPLúWLU 3URSROLV LoLQGHNL DQWLEDNWHUL\HO etki gösteren maddelerin en önemlisi kafeik asit ve NDIHDWODUGÕU &$3( LQ LPP QRPRG ODW U HWNL J VWHUHUHN JUDP LQIHNVL\RQODUD NDUúÕ SURILODNWLN RODUDN HWNLOL ROGX X GD ELOGLULOPLúWLU 6LQQDPLN DVLW D\QÕ ]DPDQGD JOXNR]LO WUDQVIHUD] HQ]LPLQLQ aktivitesini de inhibe eder. Bu yüzden sinnamik asitin GLú o U PHOHULQH NDUúÕ SURSROLVWHNL HWNLOL PDGGH ROGX X G ú Q OPHNWHGLU Propolis in vitro olarak polio virüs, pikarnovirüs YH KHUSHV YLU VOHUH NDUúÕ orn HWNLOL EXOXQPXúWXU 9H]LN OHU VWRPDWLW YLU V LOH DGHQR YLU VH NDUúÕ LVH daha az etkilidir (17). Flavonoidler propolis içindeki SHN orn 51$ YH '1$ YLU V QH NDUúÕ HWNLOL ROGX X G ú Q OHQ HQ QHPOL PDGGHOHUGLU *DODQJLQ Journal of Turgut Özal Medical Center 3(4):

3 3URSROLV WÕEEL ]HOOLNOHUL YH RIWDOPRORMLN NXOODQÕPÕ ø) +HSúHQ YH DUN kamferol, kuersetin, luteolin, prosiyanidin ve SHODUJRQLGLQ JLEL IODYRQRLGOHU +69 H NDUúÕ YLU VLGDO HWNLOLGLU $\QÕ ]DPDQGD +69 H NDUúÕ IODYRQRLG ELOHúLNOHUL DUDVÕQGD VLQHUMLVWLN HWNL mevcuttur (9). Antiviral etkiye metoksi flavon, benzoik asit, metil kafeat ve kafeik asit esterlerinin de NDWNÕGD EXOXQDELOHFHNOHUL LIDGH HGLOPHNWHGLU Propolisin güçlü bir antiinflamatuvar etkiye sahip ROGX X YH EX HWNLVLQLQ D\QHQ GLNORIHQDNWD ROGX X JLEL GR]D ED OÕ RODUDN GH LúWL L J VWHULOPLúWLU Propolisin antiinflamatuvar etkisini, trombosit agregasyonunu önleyerek, prostoglandinler ve lökotrienler gibi ekazonoidlerin sentezini inhibe ederek ve histamin gibi inflamasyonda rol oynayan PHGLDW UOHULQ VDOÕQÕPÕQÕ HQJHOOH\HUHN ROXúWXUGX X QH V U OP úw U 3URSROLVLQ DN ] HNVWUDNWÕQÕQ dihidrofolat redüktaz enzimini inhibe ederek DQWLLQIODPDWXYDU HWNL ROXúWXUGX X YH EX HQ]LP ]HULQGHNL HWNLVLQLQ NÕVPHQ NDIHLN DVLW HVWHUOHULQH ED OÕ ROGX X J VWHULOPLúWLU 3URSROLV HNVWUDNWÕ IRUPDOGHKLW LOH HNOHPOHUGH ROXúWXUXODQ DUWULWH NDUúÕ ORNDO RODUDN NXOODQÕOGÕ ÕQGD EHOLUJLQ GHUHFHGH DQWLLQIODPDWXYDU HWNL J VWHUPLúWLU (OGH HGLOHQ EX antiinflamatuvar etki prednisolonun antiinflamatuvar HWNLVL LOH NDUúÕODúWÕUÕOPÕú YH SUHGQLVRORQXQ DQWLLQIODPDWXYDU HWNLVLQH orn \DNÕQ EXOXQPXúWXU Antiinflamatuvar etkiler PGE 2 LOH ROXúDQ DNXW GHP YH IRUPDOGHKLW LOH ROXúWXUXOPXú NURQLN LQIODPDV\RQD NDUúÕ GD J ]OHQPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ DUWULW ROXúWXUXOPXú ratlarda ALT ve AST enzimlerinin seviyelerini NÕVPHQ G ú UG J VWHULOPLú ROXS EX HWNLQLQ PHNDQL]PDVÕ KHQ ] WDP RODUDN ELOLQPHPHNWHGLU Propolisin yeni olarak üzerinde durulan ve WDUWÕúÕODQ ]HOOLNOHULQGHQ ELULGH DQWLRNVLGDQ HWNLVLGLU 3URSROLVWHNL WHPHO ELOHúLNOHU RODQ IODYRQRLGOHU YH EXQODUOD LOJLOL ELOHúLNOHULQ VHUEHVW UDGLNDO WHPL]OHPH HWNLVL HQ ID]OD RODQ ELOHúLNOHU ROGXNODUÕ J VWHULOPLúWLU %D]Õ IODYRQRLGOHU GR\PDPÕú \D DVLWOHULQLQ peroksi radikalleriyle reaksiyona girip temizleyici J UHYL J UHUHN OLSLG SHURNVLGDV\RQXQXQ EDúODQJÕo DúDPDVÕQD HWNL HGHELOLUOHU )ODYRQRLGOHULQ DQWLRNVLGDQ HWNLOHUL SHURNVLW L\RQODUÕ KLGURMHQ peroksit (H 2 O 2 ), singlet oksijen ve lipit peroksit UDGLNDOOHULQL RUWDPGDQ X]DNODúWÕUDELOPH \HWHQHNOHULQH ED ODQPÕúWÕU 6HUEHVW UDGLNDOOHULQ WHPL]OHQPHVL YH RUWDPGDQ X]DNODúWÕUÕOPDVÕQÕQ \DQÕQGD IODYRQRLGOHULQ lipo-oksijenaz ve siklo-oksijenaz enzimlerini inhibe ederek antioksidan etki gösterebilecekleri üzerinde de QHPOH GXUXOPDNWDGÕU )ODYRQRLGOHU údonrqodu YH \DSÕVDO RODUDN ED ODQWÕOÕ ELOHúLNOHULQ LPLGD]RO NLQROLQ YH GL HU KHWHURVLNOLN DPLQ PXWDMHQOHULQ ]HULQGH DQWLPXWDMHQLN DNWLYLWH\H VDKLS ROGX X GD J VWHULOPLúWLU (28). Kaffeik asit esterlerinin CAPE ve dihidroksi sinnamil gibi iki lipofilik derivasyonunun mikromolar NRQVDQWDV\RQGD OLSRRNVLMHQD] HQ]LPLQL LQKLEH HWWL L YH &$3( LQ D\UÕFD LQVDQ Q WURILOOHULQGH YH ksantin/ksantin oksidaz sisteminde reaktif oksijen üretimini tam olarak bloke ederek antioksidan etki ROXúWXUGX X J VWHULOPLúWLU $QWLRNVLGDQ HWNL\OH EX ELOHúLNOHULQ + 2 O 2 üretimini önleyerek PXKWHPHOHQ NDWDUDNW JHOLúLPLQH NDUúÕ GD HWNLOL RODELOHFH L ]HULQGH GXUXOPXúWXU 0DMRU flavonoidlerden güçlü bir antioksidan madde olan NXHUVHWLQ GRNX \HQLOHQPHVLQLQ KÕ]ODQGÕUÕOPDVÕ YH \DúOÕ KDVWDODUGD ED]Õ HQ]LPOHULQ DNWLYH HGLOPHVL JLEL antioksidan özellikler gösterir (26). Galangin, isoalpinin, kamferol, kamferid, ramnositin, ramnetin, isoramnetin, kuersetin, pinosembrin ve pinobanksin JLEL DQWLRNVLGDQ ]DHOOLNWHNL IODYRQRQLGOHULQ \DQÕQGD SURSROLV HNVWUDNWÕQGDNL ( YLWDPLQL KLVWLGLQ YH UHGRNV DNWLI ELOHúLNOHULQGH EX UDGLNDOOHUL WHPL]OHPH V UHFL ]HULQH HWNLOHULQLQ PDYFXW RODELOHFH L ELOGLULOPHNWHGLU (35). EEP in Dufasol-X teki %1 lik solüsyonu LQWUDYHQ ] RODUDN YHULOGL LQGH NDUDFL HUGH $73D] süksinil dehidrogenaz, glukoz-6-fosfataz ve asit IRVIDWD] HQ]LPOHULQL DUWÕUGÕ Õ J U OP úw U %D]Õ VLQQDPLN DVLW GHULYHOHUL SRWHQW RODUDN G ú N.P OL mitokondrial dehidrogenaz enzimi inhibitörleridir <HQL RODUDN SURSROLVLQ NDUDFL HUL NRUX\XFX HWNLVLQLQ LoHUGL L DQWLRNVLGDQ HWNLOL PDGGHOHUH ED OÕ ROGX X EHOLUOHQPLúWLU $QWLRNVLGDQ HWNL DONRNVL UDGLNDOOHU YH GDKD D] RODUDN GD V SHURNVLWH NDUúÕ serbest radikal temizleme etkilerinin sonucudur (24). $\UÕFD NDQVHUOL IDUHOHUH ((3 LOH WHGDYL X\JXODQPDVÕ IDUHOHUGH \DúDP V UHVLQL DUWÕUPÕú YH IDUHOHUL JDPPD ÕúÕQODUÕQD NDUúÕ NRUXGX X ELOGLULOPLúWLU %X LNL ]HOOLN SURSROLV HNVWUDNWÕQÕQ VHUEHVW UDGLNDOOHUL X]DNODúWÕUDUDN DQWLRNVLGDQ HWNL J VWHUPHVLQH ED ODQPÕúWÕU 6RQ \ÕOODUGD SURSROLVLQ QHPOL EL\RORMLN HWNLOHULQGHQ ELULQLQ GH NDUVLQRVWDWLN HWNL ROGX X IDUNHGLOPLúWLU &$3( LQ SURSROLVLQ karsinostatik etkisinden sorumlu en önemli madde ROGX X G ú Q OPHNWHGLU &$3( DGHQRYLU V WUDQVIRUPH UDW HPEUL\R ILEUREODVWODUÕQÕQ or DOPDVÕQÕ HQJHOOHU. OW U RUWDPÕQGD WUDQVIRUPH UDW YH LQVDQ hücrelerinde apoptozisi uyararak transforme K FUHOHULQ JHOLúLPLQL \DYDúODWÕU CAPE nin WUDQVIRUPH K FUHOHUH NDUúÕ VHoLFL RODUDN VLWRVWDWLN HWNL J VWHULUNHQ QRUPDO ILEUREODVWODUD NDUúÕ orn D] HWNLOL \D 388 7XUJXW g]do 7ÕS 0HUNH]L 'HUJLVL

4 +HSúHQ ø) et al. GD KLo HWNLVL] ROGX X J U OP úw U %XQD LODYH RODUDN LQVDQ W P U K FUHOHULQLQ GH or XQXQ or DOPDVÕQÕ HQJHOOH\HELOLU YH EX HWNLVLQL PLWRMHQLN X\DUDQ WDUDIÕQGDQ LQG NOHQHQ RNVLGDWLI V UHFL engelleyerek meydana getirebilir. Metil kafeat, fenil etil kafeat, ve fenil etil dimetil kafeat gibi kafeik asit esterlerinin üçü de kemoproflaktik etkiye sahiptir. Bu PDGGHOHULQ KHU o Q Q GH D]RNVL PHWLO LOH ROXúWXUXODQ NRORQ NDQVHUL ]HULQH LQKLELW U HWNLVL EHOLUOHQPLúWLU øqvdq NRORQ DGHQR NDUVLQRPXQGD EX o NDIHLN DVLW esterinin de tirozin protein kinaz enziminin etkisini QHPOL PLNWDUGD HQJHOOHGL L J VWHULOPLúWLU %X esterlerden kolonda lipojenaz ürünleri ve hidroksi HLNR]D WHWUD HQRLN DVLW +(7( ROXúXPXQX HQ L\L engelleyenler fenil etil kafeat, fenil etil metil kafeat ve IHQLO HWLO GLPHWLO NDIHDWWÕU %X HVWHUOHULQ o GH GR]D ED OÕ RODUDN +(7( ROXúXPXQX J oo ELU úhnlogh HQJHOOHUOHU <HQL ELU odoõúpdgd D]RNVL PHWLO WDUDIÕQGDQ ROXúWXUXODQ NRORQ NDQVHULQLQ LQKLELV\RQXQGD IHQLO HWLO PHWLO NDIHDWÕQ NDIHLN DVLW HVWHUOHUL LoLQGH HQ HWNLOLVL ROGX X J VWHULOPLúWLU $\UÕFD \DSÕVDO RODUDN IHQLO HWLO PHWLO NDIHDWD EHQ]H\HQ FXUFXPLQ LOH GH NRORQ NDQVHUL ROXúXPX ]HULQGH D\QÕ HWNL HOGH HGLOPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ VD\ÕODQ EX HWNLOHULQLQ \DQÕQGD RVWHRJHQHWLN V UHFL KÕ]ODQGÕUPD NHPLN NÕNÕUGDN YH GHQWDO SXOSD JLEL GH LúLN GRNXODUGD UHMHQHUDV\RQX DUWÕUPD ohúlwol HQ]LPOHULQ DNWLYH HGLOPHVL immünostimülan ve immünomodülatör etki, vejetatif sinir sistemine halinomimetik etki, hipotansif etki, lokal anestezik etki ve solunum sitemini stabilize edici HWNL JLEL EDúND HWNLOHUH GH VDKLS ROGX X ohúlwol odoõúpdoduod EHOLUOHQPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ DN ] RODUDN KD]ÕUODQPÕú OLN NUHP jel formu derideki infeksiyon, inflamasyon ve \DUDODUGD NXOODQÕOPÕú DQWLLQIODPDWXYDU HWNLQLQ \DQÕQGD HSLWHOL]DV\RQ V UHFLQLQ KÕ]ODQPDVÕQGD EDúDUÕOÕ VRQXoODU HOGH HGLOPLúWLU $\UÕFD SURSROLVLQ GHULGH \DUD L\LOHúPHVL \DQÕNODU LOWLKDEL \DUDODU FLOW LQIODPDV\RQODUÕ YH GL HU GHUL KDVWDOÕNODUÕQGD WHGDYL HGLFL HWNLVLQLQ GH EXOXQGX X EHOLUWLOPLú YH \DUD L\LOHúPHVLQGHQ VRUXPOX RODQ HQ QHPOL LoHUL LQLQ IODYRQRLGOHU YH IHQROLN DVLW ELOHúLNOHUL ROGX X ELOGLULOPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ \DSÕVÕQGD ID]ODFD EXOXQDQ ELU DPLQRDVLW RODQ DUJLQLQ SULPLGLQ VHQWH]L ]HULQGHQ UH PLNWDUÕQÕ DUWÕUÕU D\UÕFD VSHUPDWRJHQH]L GH KÕ]ODQGÕUÕU $UJLQLQ GHNDUERNVLODV\RQOD DUJDPDWD G Q úw QGH LVH PLWR] ve protein sentezi artar ve böylece doku UHMHQHUDV\RQX KÕ]ODQÕU (Q ID]OD EXOXQDQ LNLQFL aminoasit olan prolin ise kollajen ve VHQWH]LQGH \HU DOÕU elastin 35232/ø6ø1 2)7$/02/2-ø. $0$d/, KULLANIMI 3URSROLVLQ RIWDOPRORMLN DPDoOÕ NXOODQÕPÕQD DLW OLWHUDW UOHULQ KHPHQ KHSVL 'R X $YUXSD YH 5XV\D ND\QDNOÕGÕU 3URSROLV HNVWUDNWÕ WRSLNDO IRUPGD UHMHQHUDV\RQ V UHFLQL KÕ]ODQGÕUPDN YH DQWLPLNURELDO DQWLLQIODPDWXYDU HWNLVLQGHQ \DUDUODQPDN LoLQ ohúlwol NRQMRQNWLYLWOHUGH NRUQHDQÕQ EDNWHUL\HO HQIHNVL\RQODUÕQGD KHUSHWLN NHUDWLWWH HSLGHPLN keratokonjonktivitte, kornea ülserlerinde ve kimyasal YH WHUPDO \DQÕNODUGD GDPOD YH\D NUHP úhnolqgh NXOODQÕOPÕú YH EDúDUÕOÕ VRQXoODU HOGH HGLOPLúWLU %X GXUXPODUGD SURSROLVLQ GDKD KÕ]OÕ ELU HSLWHOL]DV\RQ VD ODGÕ Õ YH NRUQHDQÕQ VD\GDPODúPDVÕQÕ KÕ]ODQGÕUGÕ Õ ELOGLULOPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ OLN DN ] VRO V\RQXQXQ NRUQHDQÕQ NLP\DVDO YH WHUPLN \DQÕNODUÕQGD YH KHUSHWLN NHUDWLWWH GDKD HWNLOL ROGX X ELOGLULOPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ OLN HWDQROLN VRO V\RQXQXQ LVH WRSLNDO RODUDN GDPODWÕOGÕ ÕQGD J ] LoL EDVÕQFÕQÕ PP+J G ú UG YH GL HU antiglokom ilaçlarda mevcut olan yan etkilerden hiç ELULQH VDKLS ROPDGÕ Õ GD D\QÕ odoõúpdgd J VWHULOPLúWLU (2). 2IWDOPLN NXOODQÕPGD SURSROLVWHQ GDKD orn EDO LOH \DSÕOPÕú 'R X $YUXSD YH 5XV\D ND\QDNOÕ odoõúpdodud UDVWODQPÕúWÕU 7D]H SHWHN EDOÕQÕQ YH RUDQÕQGD VXODQGÕUÕODUDN KD]ÕUODQPÕú VRO V\RQX vitaminlerle kombine edilerek topikal olarak NXOODQÕOGÕ ÕQGD NRQMRQNWLYLW EOHIDURNRQMRQNWLYLW GH LúLN VHEHSOHUH ED OÕ NHUDWLWOHU NRUQHDQÕQ WHUPLN YH NLP\DVDO \DQÕNODUÕ JLEL HNVWHUQDO KDVWDOÕNODUÕQ WHGDYLVLQGHNL ROXPOX HWNLVLQLQ \DQÕVÕUD VHQLO NRUWLNDO NDWDUDNWÕQ QOHQPHVLQGH GH EDúODQJÕo DúDPDVÕQGD NXOODQÕOÕUVD HWNLOL ROGX X ELOGLULOPLúWLU %DOÕQ YH EDOSURSROLV NDUÕúÕPÕQÕQ HNVWHUQDO YH NRUQHDO DVLW \DQÕNODUÕQGD GHQH\VHO RODUDN WDYúDQODUGD ROXPOX VRQXoODU YHUGL L ELOGLULOPLúWLU (NVWUD NDSV OHU NDWDUDNW HNVWUDNVL\RQX VRQUDVÕ J U OHQ HQGRWHO YH epitel distrofilerini tedavi etmek için %10-30 natürel EDO WRSLNDO RODUDN J QGH EHú NH] X\JXODQPÕú YH NRUQHDQÕQ VD\GDPODúWÕ Õ J ]OHQPLúWLU 3URSROLVLQ bala göre antimikrobiyal, antifungal ve DQWLLQIODPDWXYDU HWNLOHULQLQ GDKD J oo ROGX X ELOGLULOPLúWLU YH OLN NUHP úhnolqghnl SURSROLV SUHSDUDWÕ J ] Q \ ]H\ KDVWDOÕNODUÕQGD EDOD J UH GDKD VW Q VRQXoODU YHUPLúWLU Journal of Turgut Özal Medical Center 3(4):

5 3URSROLV WÕEEL ]HOOLNOHUL YH RIWDOPRORMLN NXOODQÕPÕ ø) +HSúHQ YH DUN $] VD\ÕGD OLWHUDW U PHYFXW ROPDNOD EHUDEHU RN OHU \ ]H\LQ LQIODPDV\RQ YH LQIHNVL\RQODUÕQGD GD ID\GDOÕ HWNLOHUL ELOGLULOPLú YH KDWWD DQWLRNVLGDQ HWNLVL VHEHEL\OH WHRULN ED]GD NDWDUDNW JHOLúLPL ]HULQGH ROXPOX HWNLVL RODELOHFH L QH V U OP úw U 6LVWHPLN NXOODQÕPGD YDU RODQ J oo antiinflamatuvar ve antioksidan etkisinden esinlenerek propolisin intraoküler dokular üzerindeki DQWLLQIODPDWXYDU HWNLVL WDUDIÕPÕ]GDQ DUDúWÕUÕOPÕú YH EX DPDoOD WDYúDQGD ROXúWXUXODQ GHQH\VHO YHLW PRGHOLQGH hem topikal hem de subkonjonktival yolla verilen EEP in özellikle arka segment enflamasyon EXOJXODUÕQÕ EDVNÕODPDGD D\QÕ \ROOD YHULOHQ SUHGQL]RORQGDQ GDKD HWNLOL ROGX X EXOXQPXúWXU EDVÕOPDPÕú YHULOHU <LQH OLSRNVLMHQD] YH siklooksijenaz inhibisyonu yoluyla antiinflamatuvar etkiye sahip propolisin korneada neovaskülarizasyon JHOLúLPL ]HULQH EDVNÕOD\ÕFÕ RODELOHFH L WH]LQGHQ \ROD oõnõodudn WDYúDQ NRUQHDODUÕQGD \DSÕODQ EDúND ELU odoõúpdpõ]gd EDVÕOPDPÕú YHULOHU SURSROLVLQ WRSLNDO RODUDN NXOODQÕODQ DN ] IRUPXQXQ NRQWURO JUXEXQD J UH DQODPOÕ GHNVDPHWD]RQD GD HúGH HU GHUHFHGH QHRYDVN ODUL]DV\RQX EDVNÕODGÕ Õ WDUDIÕPÕ]GDQ J ]OHQPLúWLU %X HWNL NÕVPHQ SURSROLVLQ HND]RQRLG VHQWH]LQL QOHPHVLQH ED ODQDELOLU Sonuç olarak, özellikle güçlü antiinflamatuvar, antioksidan ve antineoplastik etkileriyle propolis HNVWUDNWODUÕQÕQ WRSLNDO YH VLVWHPLN NXOODQÕPÕ\OD ELUoRN SDWRORMLQLQ WHGDYLVLQGH \HQL XIXNODU DoDELOHFH L söylenebilir. KAYNAKLAR 1. 'Õ UDN 0 <ÕOPD] g dholn 6 <ÕOGÕ] 6 3URSROLVWHNL \D DVLWOHUL YH DQWLPLNUREL\DO HWNLVL ]HULQGH LQ YLWUR DUDúWÕUPDODU *ÕGD 2. Ivanov DF, Tikonov AI, Krivenchuk PE, Liurskaia FV. Propolis and its clinical usage. Oftolmol Zh 1973; 28(2): D\UDO 1 <HQL 7HNQLN $UÕFÕOÕN EDVNÕ øvwdqexo $QND 2IVHW $ù 4. Krol W, Scheller S, Shani J, Pietsz G, Czubaz. Synergistic effect of ethanolic extract of propolis and antibiotics on the growth of staphylococcus aereus. Arzneimittelforschung 1993; 43(5): Bankova V, Dyulgerov A, Popov S, Evstatieva L, Kuleva L, Pureb O, Zamjansan Z. Propolis produced in Bulgaria and Mongolia: Phenolic compounds and plant origin. Apidologie 1992; 23: Greenaway W, Scaysbrook T, Whatley FR. The analysis of bud exsudate of populus X euramericana, and of propolis, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Proc R Soc Lond B 1987; 232: Garcia-Viguera C, Ferreres F, Tomas-Barberan FA. Study of Canadian propolis by GC-MS and HPLC. Z Naturforsch 1993; 48: Gabrys J, Konecki J, Krol W, Scheller S, Shani J. Free amino acids in bee hive products (Propolis) as identified and quantified by gas-liquid chromatography. Pharmacol Res Comm 1986; 18(6): $PDURV 0 6ÕPRHV &02 *LUUH / 6DXYDJHU ) &RUPLHU 0 Synergistic efect of flavones and flavonols against herpes simplex virus type 1 in cell culture: Comparison with the antiviral activity of propolis. J Nat Prod 1992; 55(12): Hausen BM, Wollenweber E. Propolis allergy: III. Sensitization studies with minor constituents. Contact Dermatitis 1988; 19: Ikeno K, Ikeno T, Myazawa C. Effects of propolis on dental caries in rats. Caries Res 1991; 25: Dobrowolski JW, Vohoraq SB, Sharma K, Shah SA, Naqvi SAH, Dandiya PC. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiamoebic, antiinflammatory, and antipyretic studies on propolis bee products. J Ethnopharmacol 1991; 35: Tikhonov AI, Sola DP. Liyofilize polifenolik propolis aköz SUHSDUDWÕQÕQ LQFHOHQPHVL )DUP =K 14. Golychev VN. Use of honey in conservative treatment of senile cataract. Vestn Oftalmol 1990; 106(6): Mozherenkov VP, Prokof eva GL. Apitherapy of eye disease. Vestn Oftalmol 1991; 107 (6): Focht J, Hansen SH, Nielsen JV, van den Berg-Segers A, Riezler R. Bactericidal effect of propolis in vitro against agents causing upper respiratory tract infections. Arzneim Forsch/Drug Res 1993; 43(2): Amoros M, Lurton E, Boustie J, Girre L. Comparison of the anti-herpes simplex virus activities of propolis and 3-methylbut-2-enyl caffeate. J Nat Prod 1994; 57: Amaros M, Sauvager F, Girre L, Cormier M. In vitro antiviral activity of propolis. Apidologie 1992; 23: Khayyal MT, el-ghazaly MA, el-khatib AS. Mechanisms involved in the antiinflammatory effect of propolis extract. Drugs Exp Clin Res 1993; 19(5): Strehl E, Volpert R, Elstner EF. Biochemical activities of propolis extracts: III. Inhibition of dehydrofolate reductase. Z Naturforsch 1994; 49(1-2): Mozherenkov VP, Miniaeva TG. The use of products from bee rasing in ophthalmology and otorhinolaringology. Med Sestra 1991; 50(11): Arvouet-Grand A, Lejeune B, Bastide P, Pourrat A, Privat AM, Legret P. Propolis extract: II. Wound healing in the rat and rabbit. J Pharm Belg 1993; 48(3): Dimov V, Ivanovska N, Bankova V, Popov S. Immunomodulatory action of propolis: IV. Prophylactic activity against gram-negative infections and adjuvant effect of the water-soluble derivative. Vaccine 1992; 10 (12): XUJXW g]do 7ÕS 0HUNH]L 'HUJLVL

6 +HSúHQ ø) et al. 24. Pascual C, Gonzales R, Torricella RG. Scavenging action of propolis extract against oxygen radicals. J Ethnopharmacol 1994; 41: Sud inagf, Mirzoeva OK, Pushkareva MA, Korshunova GA, Sumbatyan NV, Varfolomeev SD. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester as a lipoxygenase inhibitor with antioxidant properties. FEBS Lett 1993; 329: Krol W, Czuba Z, Scheller S, Gabrys J, Grabiec S, Shani J. Anti-oxidant property of etanolic extract of propolis (EEP) evaluated by inhibiting the chemiluminescence oxidation of luminol. Biochem Int 1990; 21(4): Volpert R, Elstner EF. Biochemical activities of propolis extracts: II. Photodynamic activities. Z Naturforsch 1993; 48: Edenharder R, von Petersdorff I, Rauscher R. Antimutagenic effects of flavonoids, chalcones and structurally related compounds on the activity of 2-amino-3 methylimidazol [4,5- f]quinoline(iq) and other heterocyclic amine mutagens from cooked food. Mutat Res 1993; 287(2): Grunberger D, Banerjee R, Eisinger K, Oltz EM, Efros L, Caldwell M, Estevez V, Nakanishi K. Preferential cytotoxicity on tumor cells by caffeic acid phenethyl ester isolated from propolis. Experientia 1988; 44: Su ZZ, Lin J, Grunberger D, Fisher PB. Growth suppression and toxicity induced by caffeic acid phenetyl ester (CAPE) in type 5 adenovirus-transformed rat embryo cells correlate directly with transformation progression. Cancer Res 1994; 54: Scheller S, Krol W, Swiacik J, Owczarek S, Gabrys J, Shani J. Antitumoral property of etanolic extract of propolis in micebearing Ehrlich carcinoma, as compared to bleomycin. Z Naturforsch 1989; 44 (11-12): Starzyk J, Scheller S, Szaflarski J, Moskwa M, Stojko A. Biological properties and clinical application of propolis: II. Studies on the antiprotozoan activity of ethanol extract of propolis. Arzneim Forsch/Drug Res 1977; 27(1): Grange JM, Davey RW. Antibacterial properties of propolis (Bee Glue). J Royal Soci Med 1990; 83: Kleinrok Z, Borzecki Z, Scheller S, Matuga W. Biological properties and clinical application of propolis: X. Preliminary pharmacological evaluation of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP). Arzneim Forsch/Drug Res 1978;28(1): Scheller S, Wilczok T, Imielski S, Krol W, Gabrys J, Shani J. Free radical scavenging by ethanol extract of propolis. Int J Radiat Biol 1990; 57(3): Mirzoeva OK, Sudina GF, Pushkareva MA, Korshunova GA, Sumbatian NV, Varfolomeev SD. Lipophilic derivatives of caffeic acid as lipoxygenase inhibitors with antioxidant properties. Bioorg Khim 1995; 21(2): Kaminski M, Scheller S, Nolewajka E. Biological properties and clinical application of propolis: V.The action of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on laboratory animals. Arzneim Forsch/Drug Res 1977; 27(2): Poole RC, Bowden NJ, Halestrap AP. Derivatives of cinnamic acid interact with the nucleotide binding site of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. Effects on the dehydrogenase reaction and stimulation of esterase activity by nucleotides. Biochem Pharmacol 1993; 45(8): Frenkel K, Wei H, Bhimani R, Ye J, Zadunaisky JA, Huang MT, Ferraro T, Conney AH, Grunberger D. Inhibition of tumor promoter-mediated processes in mouse skin and bovine lens by caffeic asid phenethyl ester. Cancer Res 1993; 53: Chiao C, Carothers AM, Grunberger D, Solomon G, Preston GA, Barrett JC. Apoptosis and altered redox state induced by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in transformed rat fibroblast cells. Cancer Res 1995; 55: Rao CV, Desai D, Simi B, Kulkarni N, Amin S, Reddy BS. Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid esters on azoxymethaneinduced biochemical changes and aberrant crypt foci formation in rat colon. Cancer Res 1993; 53: Rao CV, Desai D, Rivenson A, Simi B, Amin S, Reddy BS. Chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis by phenylethyl-3- methyl caffeate. Cancer Res 1995; 55: <D]ÕúPD DGUHVL <UG'Ro'U øeudklp ) +(3ù(1 øq Q hqlyhuvlwhvl 7ÕS )DN OWHVL * ] +DVWDOÕNODUÕ $QDELOLP 'DOÕ Tel: (422) hat Fax: (422) MALATYA Journal of Turgut Özal Medical Center 3(4):