TOURISM PLANNING. FAVA - Formación en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje. SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

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2 INTRODUCCIÓN TOURISM PLANNING Cuando se trabaja en el sector turístico, es esencial realizar siempre una planificación adecuada, identificando los atractivos y las facilidades de servicios a lo largo del recorrido, con miras a desarrollar con plena satisfacción cada una de las actividades involucradas, de acuerdo a lo convenido con el turista al seleccionar una oferta o producto turístico. Con esta actividad se pretende que el aprendiz de tecnología en guianza turística, conozca y apropie el uso del inglés técnico en la planificación, aplicándolo en los pasos requeridos para la identificación y selección de los atractivos, sus facilidades y planta turística del recorrido a realizar. 2

3 ESTRUCTURA DE CONTENIDOS Introducción...2 Mapa Conceptual PLANNING SCALES Site Destination Regional TOURIST SUPPLY AND ITS ELEMENTS Attractions Transportation Accommodation Other support services Infrastructure ATTRACTION INVENTORY Classification of Tourist Attractions...10 Bibliografía...11 Glosario...12 Control de Documento...14 Creative Commons y Marca Registrada

4 MAPA CONCEPTUAL 4

5 TOURISM PLANNING PLANNING SCALES TRAVEL AGENCY 1. PLANNING SCALES Different aspects should be considered when we plan and organize tourism so that tourists see the benefits and advantages of our products thus fulfilling their expectations and providing them with what they were offered. In order to do that three planning scales are implemented based on the size of the area involved Site Site scale planning deals with the single tourism unit, whether it is a hotel, a park, or an amusement attraction. This planning type is becoming widely used and tourism investors have increasingly involved architects, tourism experts, historians, marketers, and engineers in designing their properties. Also, government agencies, private developers, and non-profit organizations are engaged in this type of planning activity. Individual plans should be coordinated to give a sense of identity to the area where they are located. Indeed, the scenery or the particular environmental characteristics of the place may be damaged by the creation and development of a number of unrelated tourism units. TRAVEL AGENCY 5

6 1.2. Destination Tourist destination scale. This involves sociocultural, environmental, political, and economic objectives. There is no clear definition of tourist destination in terms of the physical scale of an area. Mass tourist development is interpreted as an extensive and diversified number of tourist attractions and related services that satisfy the needs and desires of various market segments. These attractions, which may be manmade and/ or natural, represent the core reason to visit a tourism destination and generate demand for basic tourist services, such as lodging, restaurants, transportation, health facilities, retail sales, and other activities. In order to be successful, a tourist destination should be easily accessible, dependent on two or more communities, satisfy the needs of diverse groups of customers, and have an efficient transportation system linking demand sites with the tourist destination. Planning at this level requires a substantial amount of coordination between the single components of tourism supply Regional Site scale planning deals with the single tourism unit, Regional scale. Planning at the regional level entails a comprehensive structured activity geared towards the integration of the attractions located in a given region or country. The increase in international tourism flows suggests that single units and destinations are likely to succeed when they are located in a region that is tourist friendly and offers a number of attractive alternatives within the region. The development of transportation, ecology, and forestry regional plans should be factored into the particular characteristic of tourism development in that area. 6

7 TOURISM PLANNING TOURIST SUPPLY AND ITS ELEMENTS 2. TOURIST SUPPLY AND ITS ELEMENTS Needles to say, tourism planning can be even more successful when we carefully look at all components of supply as one of most important strengths and assets that will enhance the quality of our tourist products Attractions This is an indispensable ingredient of tourism supply. In fact, all the other components of supply depend upon major tourist attractions. Attractions may be classified by ownership: nonprofit organizations, private businesses, and government agencies. The most widely used classification related to tourism attractions is based on the resource foundation criteria. This separates natural features wildlife nature from manmade structures historical bridges, casinos, and amusement parks. Many intangible sociocultural elements should be considered in classifying attractions, such as language, music, traditional cuisine, etc. 7

8 2.2.Transportation This component of supply is critical in predicting tourism trends and development of tourism destinations. In the post World War II era mass tourism depended on the development of a railway network. Most early tourist attractions, amusement parks, beach resorts, and spas, were located in the areas surrounding railway stations. The post World War II rise in automobile travel and the most recent increase in air transportation have heavily affected the patterns of tourism flows as well as destinations planning and development Accommodation Accommodations are classified in three major components. First, the commercial sector, which is mostly represented by hotels, motels, and vacation villages. There is also the private sector, which includes second homes, time-sharing properties, and residential buildings used to host family members and friends. Last, there is a hybrid classification, defined by camping and caravanning activities, where private tents and campers or caravans are situated in areas (campsites) managed by business firms Other support services Tourists need not only a place to sleep but also a wide range of services that ensure a pleasant stay. These services have been classified as basic (groceries), trade (communications), comfort (clothing), security (health care), and luxury (jewelry). 8

9 2.5. Infraestructure The tourism phenomenon relies heavily on public utilities and infrastructural support. Without roads, airports, harbors, electricity, and potable water tourism planning and development would not be possible. Generally, infrastructures developed only for residents need to be expanded to serve travelers. From a profitability perspective, infrastructure differs from attractions, transportation, and accommodation because it does not generate revenues directly. In literature, the constructs of attraction and that of resource have been loosely interpreted and used interchangeably. Indeed, in operationalizing tourist resources and measuring the overall attractiveness of tourist regions, researchers have consistently included the four attraction elements (attraction, transportation, accommodation, and other supporting services) as tourist attractions. 9

10 TOURISM PLANNING ATTRACTION INVENTORY 3. ATTRACTION INVENTORY An attraction inventory is a must in order to know exactly what can be offered and the condition such attractions are in thus having enough elements and resources to better sell the destination Classification of Tourist Attractions tourism resources can be framed in two groups. The first, comprised of cultural/historical, environmental, recreational, entertainment, shopping and dining, architectural, and natural attributes, relates to the marketed image of the destination. The second, which includes transportation, support industries, land, labor force, capital, and governmental attitudes, pertains to the infrastructure within the destination. This classification assists in the understanding of the interplay between the different elements of tourist resources at destination. 10

11 BIBLIOGRAFÍA National and Regional Tourism Planning. (s.f.). Recuperado el 4 de Octubre de 2012, de World Tourism: pub.worldtourism.org/webroot/store/shops/infoshop/ Products/1015/ pdf O Halloran, D. J. (Octubre de 1987). Tourism Planning. Recuperado el 8 de Abril de 2013, de Scribd: doc/ /tourism-planning Sharp, B. H. (Abril de 2010). Tourism and Planning. Part 2: Tourism Development and Planning. Recuperado el 8 de Abril de 2013, de Tourism Insights: articleitem.aspx?title=tourism+and+planning.+part+2%3a +Tourism+Development+and+Planning 11

12 GLOSARIO Accommodation: A room, group of rooms, or building in which someone may live or stay. Amusement park: A commercially operated enterprise that offers rides, games, and other forms of entertainment. Beach resort: A seaside resort is a resort located on the coast. Where a beach is the primary focus for tourists, it may be called a beach resort.. Boundaries: Something that indicates a border or limit. Cuisine: A characteristic manner or style of preparing food Destination: denoting a place that people will make a special trip to visit Enhance: Intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of. Entertainment: The action of providing or being provided with amusement or enjoyment. Facilities: Permanent, semi-permanent, or temporary commercial or industrial property such as a building, plant, or structure, built, established, or installed for the performance of one or more specific activities or functions. Forestry: The science and art of cultivating, maintaining, and developing forests. Harbor: A place on the coast where vessels may find shelter, esp. one protected from rough water by piers, jetties, and other artificial structures. Investor: someone who commits capital in order to gain financial returns. Labor force: All the members of a particular organization or population who are able to work. Manmade: Made by humans rather than occurring in nature; synthetic. 12

13 Marketer: One that sells goods or services in or to a market, especially one that markets a specified commodity. Non-profit: Not seeking or producing a profit or profits. Profitability: profitableness: the quality of affording gains or benefit or profit. Railway station: terminal where trains load or unload passengers or goods. Resource: An economic or productive factor required to accomplish an activity, or as means to undertake an enterprise and achieve desired outcome. Resource: An economic or productive factor required to accomplish an activity, or as means to undertake an enterprise and achieve desired outcome. Sewage: Waste water and excrement conveyed in sewers. Stay: A period of staying somewhere: an overnight stay at a luxury hotel. Successful: having attained wealth, position, honors, or the like. Tourism supply: natural resources, infrastructure, superstructure, transportation and hospitality resources. Tourist attractions: A physical or cultural feature of a particular place that individual travelers or tourists perceive as capable of meeting one or more of their specific leisure-related needs. Tourist friendly: that attracts tourist because of its nature. Wildlife: Wild animals and vegetation, especially animals living in a natural, undomesticated state. 13

14 Desarrollador de contenido Experto temático Asesor pedagógico Producción Multimedia Voz Programador Líder expertos temáticos Líder línea de producción Control de documento Construcción Objeto de Aprendizaje TOURISM PLANNING Bienvenido Roy Torres Cárdenas Luis Orlando Beltrán Vargas Sandra Carolina Durán López Victor Hugo Tabares Carreño Matha Lucía Chaves Niño Francisco Jose Lizcano Reyes José Armando Díaz Londoño Santiago Lozada Garcés 14