Energy Storage Demonstration Programs at Southern California Edison

Transcription

1 Energy Storage Demonstration Programs at Southern California Edison Mark Irwin Director, Technology Development Southern California Edison 1

2 Southern California Edison (SCE) Overview One of the largest utilities in America Committed to providing safe, reliable and affordable electric service to nearly 14 million people in central, coastal and southern California Award-winning energy efficiency and demand response programs Industry leader for 125 years 2

3 Major Policy and Technology Drivers for Storage Expanding Penetration of Solar and Wind generation 33% Renewable Portfolio Standard Distributed PV (1-2MW arrays) Self-Generation Incentive Program (SGIP) California Solar Initiative (CSI) Regulatory Change for Non-Renewable Generation Once-Through Cooling (OTC) Greenhouse Gas, AB 32 Changes in Homeowner Load Profile ZNE homes and Title 24 Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) State policies led SCE to complete strategic planning analysis which resulted in 2010 Energy Storage White Paper 3

4 Present Tehachapi Storage Project Irvine Smart Grid Demonstration Large-Scale Energy Storage (8MW/32MWh Q2 2014) Evaluate a utility scale lithium-ion battery s ability to increase grid performance & integrate wind generation Large Commercial PLS Program (100kW/500kWh Q2 2014) Evaluate Energy Storage for Large Commercial Customer Permanent Load Shifting Large Distributed Energy Storage (2MW/500kWh unit Q2 2014) Evaluate the use of a containerized storage device to relieve distribution circuit constraints and mitigate overheating of the substation getaway Large-Scale Community Energy Storage (CES) (100kW/100kWh Q4 2013) Integrate energy storage with solar PV to help minimize the impact of plug-in electric vehicle charging at work during peak periods Community Energy Storage (CES) (25kW/50kWh Q2 2013) Evaluate the use of energy storage to shave peak load on the low voltage side of the residential transformer Residential Home Energy Storage Unit (RESU) (4kW/10kWh Q3 2013) Evaluate the performance of energy storage in the home using various functions, including level demand, peak load shaving, demand response, and secure load backup 4 4

5 D requires SCE to procure 580MW of energy storage by 2020 and gives SCE the opportunity to own up to 290MW SCE S ENERGY STORAGE REQUIREMENTS MW Storage Grid Domain (Point of Interconnection) Total Total Range Transmission Distribution Customer Total FLEXIBILITY: Up to 50% of total procurement goal can be Utility Owned Up to 80% of MWs can be: Shifted between Transmission and Distribution buckets (only) Deferred (not past 2020) with a showing of unreasonableness All projects must be installed and operational by

6 Future Distributed Energy Storage Integration (DESI) Pilot Program (approx. 2MW/4MWh Q4 2014) Deploy energy storage on the distribution system to solve a challenge or for economic benefit Distribution Optimized Storage (DOS) (1MW/1MWh 2015) Evaluate aggregated energy storage units on the distribution system with optimized controller Procurement SCE long-term procurement plan (LTPP) Track 1 that includes a procurement requirement for 50MW of energy storage by 2021 plus additional opportunity for preferred resources or energy storage Recent Track 4 decision provides additional opportunity for preferred resources or energy storage Remainder of 580 MW not built by SCE SCE Energy Storage Initiative (Up to 290MW) CPUC Energy Storage Mandate (AB 2514) includes a procurement requirement for 580MW of energy storage by 2020 with up to 290MW of ownership opportunity 6 6

7 SCE Energy Storage Facilities and Technology Development Approach 7

8 SCE s Energy Storage Laboratories EV Technical Center (EVTC) in Pomona Unique energy storage test facilities in the utility industry Cell level to full system testing Large Energy Storage Testing Apparatus (LESTA) in Westminster Dedicated to the evaluation of Large Distributed Energy Storage Systems up to 6MVA 8

9 Structured Approach Investigation Selection of projects based on various SCE organizations inputs External collaboration with Tech Advisory Boards, research organizations, VCs, universities, standards bodies, utilities Modeling/ Laboratory Evaluation Testing prototypes Building predictive models Assessing market entrants Systems integration Evaluating grid impacts Demonstration Integrating devices and systems in a real world environment Evaluating cost/benefits Pilot Standards process Training development Performance validation and verification Support capital decision process Deployment SCE standard Project support Knowledge transfer Ongoing consultation 9

10 SCE Battery Storage Evaluation Philosophy Electrochemical Energy Storage Evaluation System Evaluation - Assess Various Chemistries for Performance and Potential Cost Reduction - Determine Battery Operational Life - Provide Input for Strategic Planning - Validate Full System Performance - Validate Control System - Prepare Documentation for Field Installation - Train Field Personnel - Engage Internal and External Stakeholders Field Evaluation - Demonstrate Functionality and Values in Actual Application - Engage Internal and External Stakeholders 10

11 SCE ES Field Evaluation Demonstration Programs Pilots Programs Assess Technical Merit - Demonstrate Functionality - Demonstrate Potential Value Streams - Demonstrate Reliability Provide a Functional System - Resolve a Grid Problem - Increase Operational Excellence - Capture Value Streams - Pursue Standardization Deployment Mainstream Grid Device 11

12 Lessons Learned & Challenges Capturing promised value streams in actual applications Siting, Siting, Siting Site selection Aesthetics Noise Demonstrating reliability Building positive business cases Integrating with existing utility communication infrastructure & new Smart Grid technologies Validating large systems prior to deployment Availability of truly grid ready systems Availability of standard application definitions and test procedures 12

13 Appendix 13 13

14 Residential Energy Storage Unit (RESU) IRVINE SMART GRID DEMONSTRATION (ISGD) Behind-the-meter devices Unlikely to install more for ownership initiative Would not require siting/permitting 4kW / 10 kwh unit Dimensions: 25x35x60 inches 14 14

15 Community Energy Storage (CES) IRVINE SMART GRID DEMONSTRATION (ISGD) CES unit with the battery installed underground 25kW / 50kWh unit Dimensions: Inverter (above ground) is 37x50x32 inches; the batteries are 28x26x46 inches and are underground in an enclosure that is 41x74x52 inches 15 15

16 Community Energy Storage (CES) IRVINE SMART GRID DEMONSTRATION (ISGD) CES unit in the lab without the battery (which would be underground, below unit) CES unit installed (device on the left is a bypass switch, which may not be required in large scale deployment) 16 16

17 Scale of Li-ion Storage Systems TEHACHAPI STORAGE PROJECT (TSP) x 56 x 18 Cell 3.7V 60Wh 380g Module 52V 3.2kWh 40kg Rack 930V 58kWh 950kg 17 17

18 Large Scale Community Energy Storage IRVINE SMART GRID DEMONSTRATION (ISGD) Integrated with solar PV car shade project (charging EVs to alleviate peak load) 20 foot storage container 50 kw / 100 kwh 18 18

19 Battery Energy System IRVINE SMART GRID DEMONSTRATION (ISGD) Demonstrating feeder relief 53 foot cargo container Ancillary skid and Interconnection skid 2MW/0.5MWh 19 19

20 TSP Facility Installed at SCE s Monolith Substation 6,300 sqft building Connected at subtransmission level through a 12/66kV transformer TSP "building TSP interconnection facilities with TSP "building" in the background 20 20

21 TSP Battery Configuration 604,800 Cells 10,800 Modules - 14 series / 4 parallel cells per module (56 cells total) 600 Racks - 18 modules per rack 4 Sections racks per section 8 MW / 32MWh System 21 21

22 TSP Facility Located in the Tehachapi area, California s largest wind resource Massive wind development potential driving grid infrastructure (up to 4,500 MW) Installed at SCE s Monolith Substataion 6,300 sqft building Connected at sub-transmission level through a 12/66kV transformer 22

23 BESS Facility 23

24 How to Scale Li-ion Storage Systems x 56 x 18 Cell 3.7V 60Wh 380g Module 52V 3.2kWh 40kg Rack 930V 58kWh 950kg 24

25 TSP Battery Configuration How to get 32 MWh from a 60Wh cell 4 Sections racks per section 600 Racks - 18 modules per rack 10,800 Modules - 14 series/4 parallel cells per module 604,800 Cells 25

26 Mini system at EVTC & PCS controller at RTDS Lab Smart Energy Controller Battery Section Controller DC Switchgear & Controls PCS Battery Racks PCS Controller 26

27 TSP Mini-system - Key Findings Discovered and resolved major safety issues regarding the battery system and PCS operation Manufacturer performed multiple software/firmware upgrades Based on 24/7 operation for more than 3 months, many additional functional upgrades have already been implemented (e.g., optimize control algorithms & graphic user interface) 27