It s All About That Base HDBaseT Signals Over Bundled Cables. Elizabeth Stephan, RCDD, CTS Belden

Transcription

1 It s All About That Base HDBaseT Signals Over Bundled Cables Elizabeth Stephan, RCDD, CTS Belden

2 What is HDBaseT? A Standard for the transmission of: Video Audio Ethernet Control Power Over a Single Cable!

3 Before HDBaseT Lighting Window Blinds/Shades Projector Screen Speakers DVD Player Router Control Panel Projector Speakers Microphones Mixer Laptop HD TV Audio Video Lighting/Blind Control Internet

4 HDMI and HDBaseT High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is a digital audio/video (AV) connection standard introduced in 2002 to interconnect devices such as televisions, Blu-ray/DVD players, audio systems, computer monitors, gaming devices, and laptops HDBaseT is a networking technology was introduced in 2010 by the HDBaseT Alliance ( that enabled HDMI signals to be transported up to 100 m (328 ft.) in an uncompressed format over balanced twisted-pair cables and modular (RJ-45) connectors.

5 Issues with HDMI Cable distance limitations Connector can become easily disconnected Difficult field termination Difficult to pass through conduits Testing and qualification of HDMI cables require specialized equipment HDBaseT resolves these issues

6 Using HDBaseT HDBaseT enables the extension of HDMI cable over a single 4 pair cable. Point to point interconnection. RJ45 direct connection to device or through the use of HDMI to HDBaseT converters. From an Audio-Video source PC-Video Server Blu-ray Apple TV Satellite Set top Box To Player Monitor Projector

7 #1 - VIDEO Full Uncompressed HDVideo Resolution up to 4K Supports all HDMI Formats (EDID, HDCP, etc.) No Latency

8 Size Perspective on 4K Video 3840p 480p 720p 1080p 4K (4096p x 2160p) 4K is shorthand for roughly four times the resolution of a 1080p display and covers two formats, both supported in the HDMI 1.4 and 2.0 specification: 3840 pixels wide by 2160 pixels high 4096 pixels wide by 2160 pixels high In the professional world, 4K is a digital cinema standard that calls for a 4096 x 2160 pixel resolution with an aspect ratio of 1.9:1

9 HDMI Max. Resolution vs. Bit Rate HDMI specification Date released June 2006 May 2009 Sept 2013 Max. pixel clock rate (MHz) Max. throughput per channel (Gb/s) Max. total throughput (Gb/s) Max. audio throughput (Mb/s) Max. color depth (bit/px) Max. resolution at 24 bit/px 2560x1600p x2160p x2160p60 Max 3D resolution at 24 bit/px 1920x1080p2 HDMI 2.0 does not define new cables or new connectors. 4 Current High Speed cables (Category 2 cables) are capable of carrying the increased bandwidth. See x1080p x2160xp2 4

10 RGB to Y CrCb conversion

11 Chroma Subsampling 4:4:4 4:2:2 4:2:0 Full bandwidth 2/3 bandwidth 1/2 bandwidth Y luminance Cb chroma Cr chroma 4:2:0 is used very frequently in MPEG encoding schemes Source:

12 HDMI 2.0 Specification Features Source: For more information on Chroma Subsampling, see Reference

13 HDBaseT Support for 4K Resolution Example: Scan Type Progressive Progressive Progressive Progressive Maximum Resolution 4096x2160 4K DCI 3840x2160 Ultra HD 4096x2160 4K DCI 3840x2160 Ultra HD Frame Rate Color Sampling Up to 24 Hz 4:4:4 Up to 30 Hz 4:4:4 Up to 60 Hz 4:2:0 Up to 60 Hz 4:2:0 DCI Digital Cinema Initiatives, professional cinema standard

14 #2 - AUDIO Audio is imbedded in the HDMI stream All Digital Audio No distortion or signal degradation ARC (Audio Return Channel) Support for 2 native audio interfaces S/PDIF (Sony/Phillips Digital Interface Format) I2S (Inter IC Sound)

15 #3 - ETHERNET Supports standard 100BaseT Ethernet Ethernet like but no Ethernet packets Uses a different packetization protocol Fall back modes: this guarantees a working Ethernet connection even if non HDBaseT device is connected to an HDBaseT port

16 #4 - CONTROL Compliant with USB 2.0 Supports both isynchronous and synchronous devices 7 device maximum Guaranteed bandwidth IR, CEC, RS232, USB

17 #5 - POWER Power over HDBaseT (POH) 100 Watts All 4 pairs utilized Compatible with IEEE 802.3at and 3af Powers up to a 60 TV

18 Power cont. Same implementation and negotiation layer as POE Settles power delivered based on lower common level POH is a class of POE Power type must comply with IEEE POE or it is in violation of the HDBaseT specification

19 HDBaseT Wiring Issues Reports from the field: There is interference between multiple HDBaseT signals in separate cables within a shared pathway, resulting in link failure (total loss of signal) or degraded images. The response: A controlled set of tests were performed at Belden s System Laboratory to identify the source of the above problem.

20 HDBaseT Test Setup

21 Horizontal Cabling Options Field-Term: Equipment Equipment Pre-Term: Cord Jack Cable punched down at both ends to RJ-45 Jacks Jack Cord Equipment Direct Attach: Cord Coupler Pre-terminated Cable Coupler Cord Equipment Equipment Cable terminated in RJ45 plugs Equipment RJ45 plugs terminated in factory or in field

22 HDBaseT The Tests FIELD TERMINATION The cables are punched down into jacks that are mounted in patch panels at both ends. Patch cords are used to interconnect the equipment ports to the corresponding patch panel ports.

23 HDBaseT The Tests PRE-TERM The cables are pre terminated with RJ45 plugs at both ends and connected through a coupler in the patch panel and a patch cord to the equipment.

24 HDBaseT The Tests DIRECTLY ATTACHED The pre terminated cables that are plugged directly to the equipment, without terminating on a patch panel and without any patch cords.

25 Pros & Cons

26 Modular Plug Cable Termination The performance and quality of modular plug terminations in the field can be affected by plug design, the skill of the installer and the tools that are used Important to verify the quality of the plug termination How to test a completed installation for conformance to industry standards.

27 Direct Attach Cable Testing

28 Test Settings Quantum Data 882E-A Video Generator Settings Source: 1080p60 Color encoding: RGB Bits color: 8bits Bits depth: default Content image: Master Pixel Rate: MHz

29 Test Set Up

30 Rear View Quantum data

31 Cable Routing Tx Switch To patch panel To Receivers Links

32 Alien Crosstalk Margin Computation (ACMC) Alien Crosstalk Margin Computation applies to 10GBASE-T application The ACMC is the representation of the Signal to Alien Noise Ratio computed from 10MHz to 400MHz. The ACMC computation consists of the (power) summation of near end crosstalk and far end crosstalk margins of the disturbed link averaged over the 10 MHz to 400 MHz frequency range. 8 Alien Near End Crosstalk Test Setup Alien Far End Crosstalk 8. Young, A. "ACMC - Alien Crosstalk Margin Computation." ACMC - Alien Crosstalk Margin Computation. Fluke Networks, 18 July Web. 20 Feb < - Alien Crosstalk Margin Computation>. 9. DTX-1800 AXT test setup" Chart. Fluke Networks. 10. DTX-1800 AFEXT test setup" Chart. Fluke Networks.

33 Alien Crosstalk Margin Computation Correlation of link status versus an example ACMC computation FAIL -3dB ACMC + 3dB PASS

34 Test Results Cabling System Configuration 10 m 15 m 20 m 35 m 40 m 80 m 85 m 105 m Category 5e UTP 2C - Field terminated Category 5e/6 F/UTP 2C - Field terminated 2C - Field terminated Category 6 UTP 2C - Pre-terminated Category 6A UTP Direct attach 2C - Pre-terminated Direct attach Link status PASS FAIL Shorter cable lengths provide a stronger signal at the input to the HDBaseT receiver and can tolerate more alien crosstalk noise between cables in a bundle Category 5e UTP cables can only support distances up to 10 meters Category 6 UTP cables can support distances between 30 to 40 meters Category 6A UTP cables can support distances up to 105 meters Category 5e/6 Shielded F/UTP cables can support distances up to 105 meters Note: Shielded cables rely on the integrity of the shield. The shield needs to be connected with low impedance ground at both ends

35 Recommendations for HDBaseT Based on the results of our multi-disturber HDBaseT system testing, we recommend using a Category 6A UTP cabling system as the first choice for AV networks that will use HDBaseT technology, immediately or in the future, e.g., A Category 6 F/UTP shielded system can be considered as an alternate choice and is recommended over shielded Category 5e because of lower attenuation (stronger signal to the receiver) and better overall transmission performance of Category 6 at higher frequencies, e.g., When installing a shielded cabling system, it is critical to maintain shield integrity at all connection points and to provide a uniform, low resistance path to ground for all network equipment and cabling within the premises. As specified in ANSI/TIA-607-B-2011 Generic Telecommunications Bonding and Grounding (Earthing) for Customer Premises

36 Conclusion HDBaseT is a standard and a protocol As a device manufacturer, to conform you DO NOT have to support all of the 5 play functionalities Cat6A is the ideal solution for HDBaseT Shielded Cat5e can support the HDBaseT signal but shielded cabling has drawbacks