THE CASE FOR FUNCTIONAL LAYOUT OF A GREEN HOSPITAL

Transcription

1 THE CASE FOR FUNCTIONAL LAYOUT OF A GREEN HOSPITAL

2 W H O A R E W E? GBBN Architects and IPPR Engineering Corporation, China s premier healthcare design institute, have created IG Studio to maximize our collective potential to innovate the global healthcare environment. Our intention is to be recognized internationally for creating highly effective healthcare environments, establishing industry standards in sustainable design practices, high-performance facilities, energy management, patient safety, and increased patient outcomes.

3 O V E R V I E W 1) The case for sustainability 2) LEED 2009 for healthcare as a rating system 3) Sustainable design criteria + parallels in Chinese healthcare precepts THE CHALLENGE 4) Integrated project design + delivery

4 T H E C A S E F O R S U S T A I N A B I L I T Y China, the United States, and Europe account for 54% of world energy consumption.

5 C H I N A I S B U I L D I N G - Between 2008 to 2010, the energy consumption in China increased by 22.8% while the United State s energy consumption decreased by 3% - China s carbon emissions rose 21% between 2008 and China is adding well over 2 billion square meters of new building each year

6 H E A L T H C A R E I N C H I N A - $10 billion invested in basic public healthcare in the past 2 years - An aging society, 100 million seniors (20 m. over 80) - Hospitals 2010: 20,918 (vs. US: 6,013)

7 T E R M D E F I N I T I O N S SUSTAINABILITY: The long-term maintenance of responsibilities, which has environmental, economic and social dimensions and encompasses stewardship and management of resources. GREEN BUILDING (or sustainable building): A structure that holds characteristics that is environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building s life cycle. LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design): A rating and certification system developed by the US Green Building Council to evaluate the level of sustainability in a building. It is similar to MoHURD in China.

8 Used as the main basis of discussion because it is concise and comprehensive in its sustainability issues.

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11 The creation of a green building begins in its way of thinking: an approach to programming, planning, design and operations.

12 Sustainable design criteria + parallels in Chinese healthcare precepts

13 S P E C I F I C I T Y vs. F L E X I B I L I T Y Long-term plans should be made to balance flexibility with specificity of design. Planning for the ease of evolution is a form of sustainability.

14 W A T E R E F F I C I E N C Y Increase water efficiency within building to reduce the burden on municipal water supply and wastewater systems.

15 WATER EFFICIENCY - Use low flow fixtures - Minimize potable water - Use recycled graywater for irrigation

16 S U S T A I N A B L E S I T E S Site selection should respond to the issues of community connectivity and development density to encourage sustainability. Community connectivity such as accessibility to public transport, bike storage, car parking. Maximizing Open Space Minimizing Heat Islands Site Integration Connection to the Natural World

17 MAXIMIZING OPEN SPACE - Building coverage limited to 40% - Green space coverage 30 40%

18 MINIMIZING HEAT ISLANDS - Chinese relies on underground parking - Extensive landscaping inside and surrounding - Frequent use of green roofs

19 SITE INTEGRATION

20 CONNECTION TO THE NATURAL WORLD - Courtyards provide natural light and ventilation - The access must be controlled and in a supervised manner - Fits with holistic approach of TCM

21 E N E R G Y + A T M O S P H E R E Technical in nature, but can result in significant operational reductions. Commissioning Maximizing Performance On-site Renewable Energy

22 COMMISSIONING

23 MAXIMIZING ENERGY PERFORMANCE - Reduced electric lighting through the use of daylighting strategies can result in savings - All aspects of energy use must be explored including natural ventilation, ground water, solar shading, etc. - Electric lighting accounts for 40% of a building s energy consumption - Cohesive strategies can reduce energy needs for lighting by 1/3

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25 ON-SITE RENEWABLE ENERGY - Includes systems that require investments but pay off in the long run - Such systems include photovoltaic panels, wind powered generators, and ground water heat pumps

26 M A T E R I A L S + R E S O U R C E S Using methods of reduction, reuse, recycling and composting. Sustainable Materials and Products Designing for Flexibility

27 SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS - Can reduce environmental burdens stemming from the acquisition, transportation and processing of materials

28 DESIGNING FOR FLEXIBILITY - Doing so would conserve resources associated with the construction and management of buildings

29 I N D O O R E N V I R O N M E N T Requires specific planning during construction including enclosure and ventilation strategies. Controllability of Lighting Controllability of Systems Daylight and Views

30 CONTROLLABILITY OF LIGHTING - Individual or appropriate group controls - Controls maximizing the use of daylight - Motion sensitive lighting

31 CONTROLLABILITY OF SYSTEMS - THERMAL - Individual or appropriate group controls - Thermal controls compatible with natural ventilation

32 DAYLIGHT AND VIEWS - Natural environments hold therapeutic value - Chinese healthcare planning places emphasis on the clarity of facility organization, including day lighting and orientation of patient rooms

33 I N N O V A T I O N I N D E S I G N Integrated Project Planning and Design Cross-interdisciplinary planning and decision-making from the beginning of the process to the end which will maximize opportunities for cost-effective and sustainable designs Proposing a non-linear system

34 Influence is high during the initial development, but decreases as time goes on while risks/costs are low initially, but play a larger role as the project is further developed. THINK AHEAD. RISKS/

35 E M E R G I N G I S S U E S - Electronic or web-based scheduling and referrals - Compliance with international standards of care - Access for the disabled + aging population - Adoption of paperless medical information systems + hand held devices - Advent of nurse manager to leverage physicians/nursing staff - Telemedicine expanding coverage for community and rural hospitals - Earthquake resistance, continuous operation after disasters - Sustainability

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37 SUSTAINABILITY IS NOT AN OPTION. IT IS THE CAPACITY TO ENDURE.