The Developing Person Through The Lifespan 9e

Transcription

1 Making Links Between The Developing Person Through The Lifespan 9e and the NCLEX-RN Test moodboard / SuperStock The following table provides an at-a-glance correlation between this textbook and the 2013 NCLEX RN Test Plan published by the National Council of the State Boards of Nursing. This correlation may help you plan your study for the NCLEX exam by focusing on the sections of your textbook that tie most closely to the exam. In addition to this correlation chart, the instructor s test bank for The Developing Person through the Lifespan is also correlated to the four standards in the NCLEX text plan. The NCLEX Test Plan is divided into the four Client Needs categories that appear below. Some of the key concepts and topics from this textbook are correlated to each of these four major categories. Keep in mind, however, that this book explores the life span from an interdisciplinary, multicontextual perspective, and therefore elements of each category are woven throughout the text.

2 NCLEX Category Standard 1: Safe and Effective Care Environment Textbook Content Chapter 1 Covers ethics in research related to development. Chapter 3 Discusses the ethics of assistive reproductive technologies, and includes a special feature on prenatal sex selection. Discusses the role of genetic testing and genetic counseling for expectant parents. Chapter 5 Describes the worldwide health benefits of expanded immunization programs. Discusses education about and prevention of SIDS. Chapter 8 Discusses accident and injury prevention in early childhood, including the three levels of injury prevention. Chapter 11 Discusses worldwide health advances in middle childhood due to immunizations and expansion of medical care. EPILOGUE Discusses the role of advance directives and living wills in end-of-life care. moodboard / SuperStock

3 NCLEX Category Standard 2: Health Promotion and Maintenance Textbook Content Chapter 1 Describes the life-span perspective of human development, including the ways that development is multidirectional, multicontextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary, and plastic. Explores the difference between a critical period and a sensitive period in development. Includes a special feature case study on the plasticity of development, focusing on David, who was born with severe congenital problems. Describes differential sensitivity, the idea that some people are more vulnerable than others to certain problems, usually because of genetic differences. Chapter 2 Describes major theories about development, including the grand theories (psychoanalytic theory, behaviorism, and cognitive theory) and newer theories (sociocultural theory as well as the universal perspective humanism and evolutionary theory). Discusses the unique contributions of each of these theories. Includes a special feature on approaches to toilet training. Chapter 3 Discusses normal process of fertilization and conception, as well as chromosomal and genetic abnormalities that can occur. Design Pics/ SuperStock

4 Chapter 4 Discusses the normal process of prenatal development. Discusses the normal birth process and events associated with the newborn s first minutes. Reviews the APGAR Scale and the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, both used at birth. Chapter 5 Describes typical physical growth and development over the first two years of life as well as expected brain development and changes in sleep patterns. Developing senses and both gross and fine motor skills are also described. Chapter 6 Extensively reviews major theories related to cognitive growth and development in the first two years of life, including language acquisition. Chapter 8 Describes typical physical growth and development between the ages of 2 to 6, reviewing expected brain development and changes in motor skills in early childhood. Chapter 9 Reviews theories related to early childhood cognitive development, including language development and bilingualism. Chapter 11 Describes typical physical growth and development in middle childhood, a time of steady growth and few serious illnesses. Discusses prevalence of childhood obesity and asthma, and environmental, social, and physical factors related to both. Chapter 12 Reviews theories related to cognitive development in middle childhood, including vocabulary development and differences in language learning. Chapter 13 Describes typical physical growth and development during adolescence, including the process of puberty and sexual maturation. Describes the importance of good nutrition and the frequent lack of it in adolescence. Describes adolescent risk taking as related to cognitive development. Describes eating disorders and issues related to body image. Discusses sexual abuse. Chapter 15 Describes theories related to normal cognitive development in adolescence. Chapter 16 Discusses sexual orientation in adolescence. Fancy Collection/SuperStock

5 moodboard / SuperStock Chapter 17 Describes typical physical growth and development during emerging adulthood. Discusses role of organ reserve, homeostatis, and allostatis in maintaining health. Discusses reproduction, which during emerging adulthood is at its most successful, and birth control. Also discusses sexually transmitted infections. Discusses increasing risk-taking behaviors during emerging adulthood. Chapter 18 Describes theories related to normal cognitive development in emerging adulthood. Chapter 20 Discusses senescence, which causes the universal slowdown of body systems during adulthood: Appearance changes, the brain slows down, and vision and hearing decline. Discusses fertility problems related to aging in adulthood, and covers menopause and the decrease in hormone production in men. Describes the benefits of good health habits in adulthood, and describes the impact of habits like smoking and alcohol use on adult health. Chapter 21 Describes theories related to normal cognition in adulthood, including the development varied components of intelligence, and the concept of selective gains and losses. Chapter 23 Describes gerontologists use of the terms young-old, old-old, and oldest-old to describe health and well-being of individuals in late adulthood. Describes the normal progression of aging, including sensory losses and the use of selective optimization with compensation to overcome or at least continue to function despite those losses. Also describes key theories about the aging process. Discusses common themes that emerge when looking at centenarians. Chapter 24 Describes how aging typically affects the brain. Discusses neurocognitive disorders (NCD) or dementia, and the mistaken diagnosis of NCD.

6 NCLEX Category Standard 3: Psychosocial Integrity Textbook Content Chapter 1 Examines the nature-nurture debate, and suggests that the question how much? rather than which? is more accurate when considering the influence of both. Describes how we now know that all human characteristics are epigenetic. Describes the Urie Bronfenbrenner s ecological-systems approach, which stresses the importance of considering people in all of the contexts and overlapping systems that make up their lives. Explores the influence of contexts including cohort and SES, and highlights Vygotsky s work on culture s influence on development. Discusses the influence of, meaning, and limitations of the terms ethnic group and race. Highlights multidisciplinary research on depression. Chapter 3 Explores complex relationship between genotype and phenotype through the lens of alcoholism and nearsightedness. Chapter 4 Discusses the importance of the new family in a baby s life, exploring topics including paternal support, postpartum despression, and kangaroo care. Chapter 5 Discusses the benefits of breast-feeding and details significance of nutrition in the first two years of life. Design Pics/ SuperStock

7 Chapter 7 Describes social development in first two years, including emotions and the development of social bonds. Presents theories of attachment, the importance of play, and the impact of nonmaternal care in the early years of a child s life. Chapter 8 Describes the impact of culture, SES, and family customs on children s growth and development. Discusses child maltreatment and physical abuse and neglect. Discusses the importance of good nutrition and the prevalence lack of it in early childhood, and reviews significance of good oral hygiene. Chapter 10 Discusses the importance of play and the development that occurs from social bonds. Explores different caregiving styles, and reviews moral development in early childhood. Chapter 11 Discusses the various learning and social supports needed for children with special needs, including children with ADHD and autism spectrum disorder. Chapter 13 Explores the role of family function and family structure in middle childhood development. Also stresses the increasing importance of the peer group at this stage, and the implications of bullying for children. Chapter 15 Discusses increasing incidence of psychological disorders during emerging adulthood, including mood and anxiety disorders and schizophrenia. Chapter 16 Discusses significance of relationships with parents and peers during adolescence. Discusses drug use and abuse in adolescence. Chapter 19 Discusses the significance of intimacy including friendships and romantic partners and family relationships during emerging adulthood. Describes domestic abuse and intimate terrorism. Chapter 20 Discusses the impact of SES on aging and health. Chapter 21 Discusses the life stressors that can increase allostic load and reduce health in adulthood. Explores various methods of coping with stress, including religious coping and emotion-focused coping. Fancy Collection/SuperStock

8 Chapter 22 Discusses the importance of the feeling of generativity in adulthood, which can be achieved through caregiving, social bonds, and employment. Describes the role of intimacy in adulthood, exploring connections with family, friends, and romantic partners. Chapter 23 Discusses the role of prejudices like ageism and elderspeak in late adulthood. Chapter 25 Describes social forces that impact aging in the latest years of life, and describes the significance of activities like employment, volunteer work, religious activity, and other elements of community engagement. Also discusses the importance of spouses, children, grandchildren, and friends. EPILOGUE Discusses the emotional experience of death and dying. Explores rituals and beliefs around death and dying in various cultures and across time. NCLEX Category Standard 4: Physiological Integrity Textbook Content Chapter 3 Discusses some of the benefits and challenges associated with pregnancy through assisted reproductive technology. Chapter 4 Discusses medical interventions used during birth. Discusses prevention of, care for, and outcomes of low-birthweight babies. moodboard / SuperStock

9 Discusses birth complications that can arise. Discusses teratogens that should be avoided during pregnancy. Chapter 20 Discusses assisted reproductive technology used in overcoming fertility. Discusses methods of measuring and describing health; reviews terms of mortality, morbidity, disability, and vitality, and also quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Chapter 25 Discusses the help that the elderly may need with ADLs and IADLs. Discusses caregiving choices and resources for the frail elderly, as well as where people age, including nursing homes, assisted living facilities, and home. EPILOGUE Discusses palliative care, hospice care, and the drugs used to reduce pain in the terminally ill. Fancy Collection / SuperStock