Bring ideas to life VIA University College VIA UC. Research Designs. Lecture for the WIP 2014 at Malta IRIS-network. r. Raymond Kolbaek

Transcription

1 Bring ideas to life VIA University College Research Designs Lecture for the WIP 2014 at Malta IRIS-network

2 Agenda Why is knowledge about Research Design important? Why reflect over Research Design? What is a Research Design? Tree types of Research Design Why philosophical ideas has to be explicited in the Research Design? Framework for Research Design Four worldviews Strategies of Inquiry Research methods Typical scenarios Tree criterias for selecting a Research Design Resources used for this presentation

3 Why is knowledge about Research Design important? Eliminates or reduces different threats to research claims Encourage internal validity, substantially and trustworthiness Reduces the number of alternative explanations for any finite number of research 'observations'. Facilitates a smooth flow of various research processes. Results in more accurate work with minimum usage of time, effort and money It might increase the chance for funding

4 Why reflect over Research Design? It provides the rationale for preferring one design over another within any given context. It helps clarify the worldview of the researcher It provide knowledge and excellence in making critical judgments about the designs of others.

5 What is a Research design? A research design is the systematic plans and procedures a researcher develops to study a scientific problem The design defines the design type On basis of that it defines the study type On basis of that it defines the research question data collection methods analysis tools plan

6 Tree types of Research Design -Testing objective theories by examining the relationship among variables -Replicable, generalisable -Manipulation and control -Results verified by sense data and statistics -Exploring for insights and understandings about individual perception of events by subjects -Inductive data analysis from patterns and themes, from particular to general -Interpretative -Tendencies Quantitative Qualitative Mixed methods -Combine both forms for data collection -Use both approaches in tandem to strenghten the study by datatriangulation.

7 Why philosophical ideas has to be explicited in Research Design? Research design are the plan or proposal to conduct research Involves the intersection of philosophy, strategies of inquiery, and specific methods to translate the design into reseach practice It help explain why one choose qualitative, quantitative og mixed methods It help to clarify how the worldview shape the approach to research, as they are a basic set of beliefs that guide actions They are shaped by the dicipline area, the academic supervisor and prior experience to reserch.

8 Framework for Research Design Creswell 2014

9 Four worldviews (Post) Positivism -Determination -Reductionism -Empirical observation and mesurement -Theory verification Constructivism -Understanding -Multible participant meaning -Social and historical construction -Theory generation Advocacy/Participatory -Political -Empowerment issue-oriented -Collaborative -Change-oriented Pragmatism -Consequences of actions -Problem-centered -Pluralistic -Real-world practice oriented How does your philosophical worldview influence the types of your thesis proposal? Share your thoughts with the person to your left Take tree notes Creswell 2009

10 Strategies of Inquiry Quantitative Qualitative Narrativ research Experimental designs (life story research) Study- and control group Phenomenology Cliinical trials (Focus on human experiences about a phenomenon) Randomized/non-randomized Ethnography Causal-comparative (cultural group in natural settings) Collerational design Grounded theory studies Non-experimentalt designs (derives a general abstract theory of a proces, action or survey research interaction grounded in the views of participants) Longitudinal Case studies Cross sectional (explores a program, event, activity, process or individual) Structured interview Historical (Identification, Location, Evaluation and Synthesis of data from the past to connect past happenings to the present and future) Mixed Methods Sequential (Elaborate or expands on the findings from one method with another method) Concurrent (merge quantitative/qualitative methods to provide a comprihensive analysis simultaniously) Transformative Creswell 2009/14 (The use of a theoretical lens as an overarching perspective)

11 Research methods - Datacollection - Analysis - Interpretation Quantitative -Pre-determinant -Instrument based questions -Performance data, attitude data, observational data and census data. -Statistical analysis -Statistical interpretation Qualitative -Emerging methods -Open ended questions -Interview data, observational data, document data and audio-visuel data -Text and image analysis -Themes, patterns and interpretations Mixed methods -Both predetermined and emerging methods -Both open- and close-ended questions -Multible forms of data drawing on all possibilities -Statistical and text analysis -Across databases interpretation

12 Typical scenarios Quantitative Postpositivistic worldview, experimental strategy of enquiry, and pre- and posttest measures of attitudes Qualitative I Constructivistic worldview, ethnographic design and observation of behavior Mixed method Pragmatic worldview, collection of both quantitative and qualitative data sequantially. Qualitative II Participatory worldview, narrative design, and open-ended interviewing How would you describe the scenario of your project Share your thoughts with the person to your right Take one central notes Creswell 2009

13 Tree criterias for selecting a Research Design The research problem/question If the problem is about -Identification of factors that influence an outcome -Utility of an invention -Understanding the best predictors of outcome -Evaluating the usefulness or successes of an intervention. Then a quantitative approac is best If the problem is about -Understanding a concept or phenomenon -Explore a field -Uncertain about which are the most important variables to be examined. then a qualitative approac is best If the problem is about -if a mixed approach best can answer the question -if one approach need to be sublemented by the other Audience Acceptance from all involved -Editors -Readers -Scientific community -ethical commities -research boards Personal experiences -Training -Experiences -Beliefs -Personality Creswell 2009/14

14 Reflections Do you feel uncertain about your chosen design by now? Have you given the audience aspect any thought? How do you think your personal experience affect the design your have chossen? Share your thoughts with the person to your left Take one notes per question

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16 Resources used for this presentation %20Studies% pdf Creswell: Research Design - Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage 2009 (new edition out 2014)