Coffee Break German. Lesson 15. Study Notes. Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 1 of 23

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1 Coffee Break German Lesson 15 Study Notes Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 1 of 23

2 LESSON NOTES ELF, ZWÖLF, DREIZEHN, VIERZEHN In this lesson you will learn to count from 11 to 1000 and beyond. You ll learn the days of the week and you ll also practise your hotel language by listening to a dialogue about checking into a hotel. INTRODUCTION At the beginning of each lesson, Thomas asks Mark bist du fertig? meaning are you ready? As we learned previously, this literally means are you done? or are you finished? In this lesson Thomas uses another expression to see if Mark is ready: bist du bereit? are you ready? CONVERSATION By way of a review of the content from the last lesson, Mark and Thomas take part in a conversation in which Mark plays the part of Mr McKay, checking into a hotel in Munich where Thomas is the receptionist. Follow the transcript of the conversation below, and any new words and phrases will be explained afterwards. Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 2 of 23

3 Thomas: Grüß Gott. Mark: Hallo. Thomas: Haben Sie reserviert? Mark: Ja, mein Name ist Herr McKay. Thomas: Hmm. Herr McKay. Einen Moment... Ist das M-C-K-A- Y? Mark: Ja, stimmt. Thomas: Also, Sie haben ein Doppelzimmer und ein Einzelzimmer reserviert. Ist das richtig? Mark: Ja, ein Einzelzimmer und ein Doppelzimmer für drei Nächte. Thomas: Ausgezeichnet. Mark: Haben die Zimmer ein Bad oder eine Dusche? Thomas: Das Doppelzimmer hat ein großes Bad aber das Einzelzimmer hat nur eine Dusche. Leider haben wir keine Einzelzimmer mit Bad. Mark: Macht nicht s. Wieviel kosten die Zimmer pro Nacht? Thomas: Das Doppelzimmer kostet 100 Euro pro Nacht und das Einzelzimmer kostet 70 Euro pro nacht. Mark: Und ist das Frühstück inklusive? Thomas: Ja, wir haben ein Frühstücksbuffet in dem Restaurant zwischen sieben und zehn. Mark: Danke schön. Thomas: Also, ihre Schlüssel und eine angenehmen Aufenthalt. Sie haben ein Doppelzimmer und ein Einzelzimmer reserviert you have reserved a double room and a single room ist das richtig? is that correct? Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 3 of 23

4 für drei Nächte for three nights haben die Zimmer ein Bad oder eine Dusche? do the rooms have a bath or a shower? das Doppelzimmer hat ein großes Bad the double room has a big bath das Einzelzimmer hat nur eine Dusche the single room only has a shower leider haben wir keine Einzelzimmer mid Bad unfortunately we don t have any single rooms with a bath Note that the verb haben comes in the second position as expected here: the sentence begins with leider (unfortunately), so the normal verb form wir haben (we have) swaps to give us leider haben wir... macht nicht s it doesn t matter Macht nicht s literally means (it) makes nothing, so it is a common expression used to mean it doesn t matter or no worries. wieviel kosten die Zimmer pro Nacht? how much are the rooms per night? ist das Frühstück inklusive? is breakfast included? Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 4 of 23

5 wir haben ein Frühstücksbuffet in dem Restaurant we have a breakfast buffet in the restaurant zwischen sieben und zehn between seven and ten Thomas goes on to explain that you may also hear something like the following phrase in a hotel situation: unter der Woche zwischen sieben und neun, und am Wochenende zwischen sieben und zehn during the week between seven and nine, and at the weekend between seven and ten unter der Woche during the week / in the working week an den Arbeitstagen on the working days am Wochenende at the weekend Thomas offered another explanation of this phrase, thereby introducing the days of the week: am Montag, Dienstag, Mittwoch, Donnerstag, Freitag zwischen 7 und 9 und am Samstag und Sonntag zwischen 7 und 10 on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday between 7 and 9, and on Saturday and Sunday between 7 and 10 Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 5 of 23

6 DAYS OF THE WEEK Montag Monday Dienstag Tuesday Mittwoch Wednesday Donnerstag Thursday Freitag Friday Samstag / Sonnabend Saturday Sonntag Sunday Further details about Samstag and Sonnabend will be provided in our Cultural Correspondent section later. MORE NUMBERS We have already learned the numbers one to ten, so it s time to take this further and learn to count using larger numbers. elf eleven Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 6 of 23

7 zwölf twelve dreizehn thirteen vierzehn fourteen fünfzehn fifteen sechszehn sixteen siebzehn seventeen achtzehn eighteen neunzehn nineteen zwanzig twenty For most of the numbers from thirteen to twenty, you simply add the single number (drei, vier, etc.) to the word for ten, zehn, giving dreizehn, vierzehn and so on. However, you should pay particular attention to sechzehn and siebzehn where the pattern changes: note that sechs becomes sechzehn, dropping the -s- and that sieben becomes siebzehn, dropping the -en-. Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 7 of 23

8 For numbers bigger than twenty, you use the pattern one and twenty : einundzwanzig twenty-one zweiundzwanzig twenty-two dreiundzwanzig twenty-three vierundzwanzig twenty-four fünfundzwanzig twenty-five sechsundzwanzig twenty-six siebenundzwanzig twenty-seven achtundzwanzig twenty-eight neunundzwanzig twenty-nine dreißig thirty Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 8 of 23

9 Numbers from thirty onwards follow the same pattern: einunddreißig thirty-one zweiunddreißig thirty-two You will find below the numbers for forty to one hundred: vierzig forty fünfzig fifty sechzig sixty siebzig seventy achtzig eighty neunzig ninety einhundert one hundred Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 9 of 23

10 Note again a change in the pattern for sechzig and siebzig. Note also that you may find hundert used in certain situations in place of einhundert. For larger numbers, simply combine the numbers you have learned so far. For example: (ein)hundertdreiundvierzig 143 zweihundertachtzig 280 To complete the range of numbers between zero and one thousand, you ll need: null zero (ein)tausend one thousand Thomas challenged Mark to come up with the German version of a series of numbers: (ein)hundertsiebenundfünfzig 157 achtundneunzig 98 dreihundertzwölf 312 Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 10 of 23

11 sechshundertfünfundsiebzig 675 Remember that you always need to swap the tens and the units, so six hundred and seventy-five becomes six hundred five and seventy. CULTURAL CORRESPONDENT Julia shares some cultural information about days of the week in German-speaking areas. Hallo everyone. It s Julia here, your Cultural Correspondent. Aber warum spreche ich auf Englisch? Ihr versteht schon ganz gut Deutsch. Eigentlich sollte ich nur auf Deutsch sprechen! Maybe I should only speak in German. Maybe not yet vielleicht noch nicht. Aber das kommt später - we ll get to that! I have to say that this lesson about numbers and days isn t perhaps the most inspiring topic, but as usual there are a few things which I thought you would find interesting. First of all I have a question for you: which day does the week start on in your country? Is it Monday? Or Sunday? What about on a calendar? Does the calendar go Montag, Dienstag, Mittwoch, and so on? Or does it start with Sonntag, Montag, Dienstag, und so weiter? Well, here in Germany, all calendars are printed with the first day of the week as Monday, so that you can look forward to the weekend at the end of the week. Of course, maybe this is the same as in your country, but I was always a bit confused in Scotland when I saw calendars starting on Sunday, which for me was the seventh day of the week! Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 11 of 23

12 Talking of interesting facts about days of the week and calendars, you ve already learned that the main word for Saturday is Samstag. Now, as Thomas has said, there is another word for Saturday too: Sonnabend. Traditionally this was used in the north of Germany, whereas Samstag was used in southern Germany, Austria and Switzerland. In fact Sonnabend was the official word for Saturday in the former GDR, or East Germany, which is why it s still used by some people, and understood by everyone. However, since Samstag is used almost universally through the media, it has become the standard word for Saturday. So there you have it: das war ein weiterer Kulturreport von mir. Mach s gut. Bis bald! warum spreche ich auf Englisch? but why am I speaking in English? ihr versteht you understand (informal plural) schon already ganz gut very good, really good eigentlich really, actually ich sollte + infinitive I should... Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 12 of 23

13 eigentlich sollte ich nur auf Deutsch sprechen actually I should really be speaking only in German vielleicht noch nicht perhaps not yet das kommt später that comes later das war ein weiterer Kulturreport von mir that was another cultural report from me GRAMMAR GURU As promised in last week's lesson, today we're going to look at plurals. Thomas has already explained to you that there are several ways to form the plural of a noun in German. Mark was getting a bit worried about plurals in the last lesson, so I thought I d try to simplify things for you all. There are a few rules, which I'll explain now, which help make forming plurals a little bit easier. We'll take the easiest rule first: that is the rule that most nouns which end in the letters -er, -el, or -en, don't change in the plural. These are usually masculine or neuter nouns, and example of one of these nouns is Zimmer, as you heard in last week's episode. Das Zimmer is a neuter noun which ends in -er, and so it doesn't change in the plural. Another one that you know already, which ends in -en is Kuchen. Finally, we have the noun ending in -el, Strudel, which also stays the same: Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 13 of 23

14 SINGULAR ein Zimmer ein Kuchen ein Strudel PLURAL zwei Zimmer zwei Kuchen zwei Strudel Now there are some words which end in -er, -el or -en which do have a little change: this change involves the first vowel in the word, so the -u- of Bruder and so on. As you ve already heard, the plural of Bruder is Brüder. When written, we add what is called an Umlaut above the vowel. This looks like two dots. Fortunately you can only add it to the letters a, o and u, so you don't have to worry too much about when to add an Umlaut and when not! Adding an Umlaut doesn't only change the way the vowel looks it also changes the way it sounds. So it s ein Bruder but zwei Brüder. Here, the -u- sound changes to an -üsound. With the noun der Vogel, meaning the bird, the -o- sound changes in the plural, giving us Vögel: SINGULAR ein Bruder ein Vogel PLURAL zwei Brüder zwei Vögel We then have the category of nouns that add letters to the end. For most feminine nouns, you have to add the letter -n, or -en, depending on what the word ends with. Dusche was an example of this kind eine Dusche, zwei Duschen, where you just have to add an -n. With eine Reservierung, however, you have to add -en because of the consonants at the end. However, with an -r at the end, as in Schwester, you only need to add an -n. Consider these words with their plurals in the table below. In each case the letters added are in bold: Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 14 of 23

15 SINGULAR eine Dusche eine Reservierung eine Schwester PLURAL zwei Duschen zwei Reservierungen zwei Schwestern There are more patterns which you ll get used to as you learn more German nouns. These include nouns which add an -e or -er to the end. Normally such nouns are masculine or neuter, for example ein Tag which becomes zwei Tage and ein Kind, whose plural form is Kinder. However, as well as taking an -e ending in the plural, some masculine nouns, typically nouns with only one syllable, also require us to add an Umlaut, for example ein Saft which becomes zwei Säfte. These examples are listed below: SINGULAR ein Tag ein Kind ein Saft PLURAL zwei Tage zwei Kinder zwei Säfte Some feminine nouns with the letter -a- in their stem also follow the pattern of adding an -e and an Umlaut, just as we heard last week eine Nacht, zwei Nächte. Then, we can have both masculine and neuter nouns which require us to change the vowel and to add the ending -er, for example ein Buch, zwei Bücher. Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 15 of 23

16 SINGULAR eine Nacht ein Buch PLURAL zwei Nächte zwei Bücher And finally, there is a category of nouns which take a plural ending which is much more familiar to speakers of English those that end in -s. These are often words that come from other languages, such as das Hotel or das Baby: SINGULAR ein Hotel ein Baby PLURAL zwei Hotels zwei Babys I hope that this Grammar Guru segment has cleared up some of the mystery about forming the plurals of German nouns. It sounds like a lot to take in all at once, but you will get used to recognising and using these rules as you go along. Before I finish, I'll give you two final little tips first of all, when you learn a new noun, it's always good to learn its plural form with it, just as you do with its gender. However, my most important tip about German nouns and their plural forms, is don t worry about them! German children learn these plural forms naturally through exposure to the words in books and hearing people say them, so you can do the same as you continue to experience written and spoken German! Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 16 of 23

17 DAS REICHT FÜR HEUTE Ready for more? Turn the page to continue with the bonus materials for this lesson. Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 17 of 23

18 CORE VOCABULARY ist das richtig? is that correct? für drei Nächte for three nights macht nicht s it doesn t matter zwischen between unter der Woche during the week / in the working week an den Arbeitstagen on the working days am Wochenende at the weekend Montag Monday Dienstag Tuesday Mittwoch Wednesday Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 18 of 23

19 Donnerstag Thursday Freitag Friday Samstag / Sonnabend Saturday Sonntag Sunday elf eleven zwölf twelve dreizehn thirteen vierzehn fourteen fünfzehn fifteen sechszehn sixteen siebzehn seventeen Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 19 of 23

20 achtzehn eighteen neunzehn nineteen zwanzig twenty einundzwanzig twenty-one zweiundzwanzig twenty-two dreiundzwanzig twenty-three vierundzwanzig twenty-four fünfundzwanzig twenty-five sechsundzwanzig twenty-six siebenundzwanzig twenty-seven achtundzwanzig twenty-eight Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 20 of 23

21 neunundzwanzig twenty-nine dreißig thirty einunddreißig thirty-one zweiunddreißig thirty-two vierzig forty fünfzig fifty sechzig sixty siebzig seventy achtzig eighty neunzig ninety einhundert / hundert one hundred Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 21 of 23

22 null zero (ein)tausend one thousand BONUS VOCABULARY The bonus vocabulary for this lesson provides further words and phrases which you may find useful in a hotel situation. das Zimmer ist sehr klein the room is very small das Zimmer ist zu klein the room is too small das Zimmer ist zu groß the room is too big es gibt kein / keine / keinen there is no... es gibt keine Heizung there is no heating es gibt keine Klimaanlage there is no air-conditioning es gibt kein heißes Wasser there is no hot waater Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 22 of 23

23 es gibt keinen Strom there is no power ich habe meinen Schlüssel im Zimmer vergessen I ve left my key in the room Coffee Break German: Lesson 15 - Notes page 23 of 23