Chapter 7 Quiz. Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Transcription

1 Chapter 7 Quiz Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The birth rate of a population is expressed as a a. decimal. b. ratio. c. fraction. d. logarithmic equation. e. percentage. 2. If the growth rate r of a population is positive and remains constant, the number of people added to the population a. remains constant. b. fluctuates randomly. c. decreases each year. d. reaches carrying capacity. e. increases each year. 3. The most critical factor in controlling human population growth is a. controlling reproductive lifespan. b. decreasing the age of first birth. c. decreasing the average number of births per woman. d. decreasing infant death. e. increasing overall wellness for the human race. 4. The total fertility rate (TFR) is an estimate of a. the number of children that will survive to adulthood. b. the number of years a typical infant will live. c. the number of children each woman in a population will have. d. the number of births per 1000 people per year. e. the percentage of women in a population that are able to have children. 5. The human population is currently following roughly a J-shaped curve. This means that the population is growing a. arithmetically. b. sigmoidally. c. at a decreasing rate. d. by a boom and bust cycle. e. exponentially. 6. Populations whose age structure diagrams are narrower at the bottom than at the top have a. high death rates b. the same proportion of individuals in each age group c. a declining population d. a high growth rate e. all of the above

2 7. Population growth rates are high in developing countries because a. infant mortality rates are low. b. women tend to have children late in life. c. family planning is common. d. children are often an important economic advantage. e. All of the above. 8. The population of the United States continues to grow as a result of a. immigration. b. babies born to baby boom generation parents. c. the birth rate being above replacement level fertility during the 1940s through 1960s. d. population momentum. e. All of the above. 9. At present, Earth s human population is a. stable. b. declining. c. increasing exponentially. d. increasing at a constant rate. e. increasing at about 10% per year. 10. Using the rule of 70, a population growing at 10% would double in a. 7 years b. 10 years c. 15 years d. 17 years e. Not enough information to tell 11. Ivory Coast and China are two developing nations. China has a much larger per capita ecological footprint than Ivory Coast. This is most likely due to I. China s much larger population II. China s growing dependence on fossil fuels to drive their economy III. Ivory Coast s dependence on small scale and subsistence agriculture IV. Ivory Coast s much smaller GDP a. I and II only b. I, II, and III c. II and III only d. I, III, and IV e. I, II, and IV 12. Urban populations represent approximately % of the world population, but consume % of the world s resources a. 10;25 b. 10; 50 c. 25; 50 d. 50; 50 e. 50; 75

3 13. GDP includes I. Consumer Spending II. Investments III. Government Spending IV. Exports - Imports a. I and II only b. I, II, and III c. II and III only d. I, III, and IV e. I, II, III, and IV 14. Malthus noted that human populations grow while food supply grows. a. linearly; exponentially b. linearly; sigmoidally c. exponentially; linearly d. exponentially; logarithmically e. logarithmically; exponentially 15. A particular country has a Total Fertility Rate equal to replacement level fertility and emigration equal to immigration. Which of the following must be true? a. The population will begin shrinking within ten years, based on the Rule of 70. b. The population must be stable. c. The population will begin growing as soon as TFR = 2.1. d. Infant mortality must also be less than Crude Death Rate. 16. The Infant Mortality Rate and Child Mortality Rate are defined as the number of deaths per 1000 live births for children under and of age, respectively. a. Six months; 5 years b. 1 year; 5 years c. 2 years; 5 years d. 5 years; 10 years e. 5 years; 12 years 17. The region of the world with the highest incidence of HIV infections is a. North America b. Eastern Europe/ Central Asia c. Western/Central Europe d. Sub-Saharan Africa e. Middle East/North Africa 18. A country has a TFR of 1.6 (which is below replacement rate), yet its population continues to grow. What is one likely explanation for this deviation from the norm? a. The country has such a high population momentum that it cannot stabilize or shrink. b. The life expectancy is so high that it cannot stabilize or shrink. c. The net immigration is high enough to overcome low TFR. d. Child and infant mortality is so low that overcomes low TFR. e. None of the above. A population cannot grow with a TFR below 2.1.

4 19. At one point China had the highest fertility rates in the world. Now, with a rate of 1.6 births/woman, the population is expected to a. double by b. level off by c. begin falling by d. become more fertile, possibly increasing to as high as 2.5 births per woman. e. become less fertile, possibly decreasing to zero population growth. 20. Population size can be estimated using the formula a. CBR + Immigration + CDR + Emigration b. CBR + Immigration CDR Emigration c. CBR + Immigration + CDR Emigration d. CBR Immigration CDR Emigration e. CBR Immigration + CDR Emigration 21. Most demographers estimate that the human population will stabilize between and billion people by a. 7.1; 8.3 b. 6.8; 10.5 c. 7.1; 12.7 d. 6.8; 8.3 e. 12.2; When looking at an age structure diagram, you notice that the lowest ages represent the lowest percentages of the population. You are most likely looking at a. a population that is about to grow very rapidly. b. a stable population. c. a population that will begin to shrink when that age group reaches sexual maturity. d. a population in which the replacement fertility rate has been exceeded. e. a population in which the TFR has begun to increase. 23. According to the theory of demographic transition, rapid growth occurs during phase 24. According to the theory of demographic transition, the highest birth rates and death rates are likely to occur during phase 25. According to the theory of demographic transition, birth rates decline during phase

5 26. According to the theory of demographic transition, birth rates may drop below death rates during phase Figure Use Figure 7-1. Which population is larger? a. Population A b. Population B c. Currently, the populations are roughly the same size, but population B will soon be larger. d. Currently, the populations are roughly the same size, but population A will soon be larger. 28. Use Figure 7-1. Population A is most likely a. rapidly growing. b. growing, but very slowly. c. stable. d. going to decline in a few decades. 29. Use Figure 7-1. Population B is most likely a. rapidly growing. b. rapidly declining. c. stable or close to stable. d. going to decline in a few decades.

6 Chapter 7 Quiz Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Definitional 2. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Concept based 3. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Critical thinking 4. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Definitional 5. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 6. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 7. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 8. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 9. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 10. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Analytical thinking 11. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Critical thinking 12. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 13. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Definitional 14. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 15. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Critical thinking 16. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Definitional 17. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 18. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: D MSC: Critical thinking 19. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 20. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 21. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 22. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Critical thinking 23. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Concept based 24. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Concept based 25. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Concept based 26. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Concept based 27. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Analytical thinking 28. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Critical thinking 29. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Critical thinking