Challenges on Food Security

Transcription

1 Challenges on Food Security Strategic Plans and Policy in Thailand Prof. Kraisid Tontisirin M.D., Ph.D Senior Advisor, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University Former Director of Nutrition and Consumer Protection, FAO, Rome, Italy ( )

2 Thailand National Food Committee Act of 2008 Food Security Food Safety Food Quality Food Education 11 related ministries, 30 national agencies, 30 relevant Acts Defense Finance Foreign Affairs Social Development and Human Security Industry Public Health Commerce Interior Science Education Agriculture The National Security Council The National Economic and Social Development board The Consumer Protection Board The national Health committee

3 Food Security Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life (WFS 1996,FAO)

4 Food security: a major global challenge Food Security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food That meets their dietary needs and Food preferences for an active and healthy life. (From FAO: WFS 1996 modified in 2009) Kraisid Tontisirin, Mahidol University

5 Previous expert meeting on energy FAO Calorie requirements: Report of the Committee on Calorie Requirements. FAO Nutritional Studies No. 5. Rome. FAO Calorie requirements: Report of the Second Committee on Calorie Requirements. FAO Nutritional Studies No. 15. Rome. FAO/WHO Energy and protein requirements: Report of a joint FAO/WHO ad hoc expert committee. FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series No. 52. WHO Technical Report Series No Rome and Geneva. FAO/WHO/UNU Energy and protein requirements: Report of a joint FAO/WHO/UNU expert consultation. WHO Technical Report Series No. 724 Geneva Kraisid Tontisirin, Mahidol University

6 Recent Expert Consultations on energy and protein requirements Human energy requirements (2004) Joint FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation Rome, October 2001, report published in 2004 Protein and amino acid requirements (2007) Joint FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation Geneva, April 2002, report published in 2007 Food energy methods of analysis and conversion factors (2003) FAO Technical Workshop Rome, December 2002 Kraisid Tontisirin, Mahidol University

7 Dimensions & methods for assessing food security and undernutrition Methods Availability of food Access to food Consumption of food Utilization of nutrients FAO Method Household income & expenditure surveys Individual food intake surveys Anthropometry Qualitative measures of food insecurity

8 Definition (Principle of The National Food Committee Act A.D. 2008) Food security Food security defined as access to sufficient and safe food with appropriate nutritional quality for good health of the population and including ecological food production system and the existence of natural food resources in normal situation, in disaster and in facing food bioterrorism

9 Definition (Principle of The National Food Committee Act A.D. 2008) Food Safety Food safety defined as Management for ensuring food and agricultural products for human consumption are safe from hazards Food Quality Food quality defined as food with expected physical and compositional characteristics including appropriate nutritional values

10 Definition (Principle of The National Food Committee Act A.D. 2008) Food Education Food education defined as processes for promoting, developing, researching, and transferring appropriate knowledge, awareness and behaviors into the food supply chain and consumption

11 The National Food Committee Component Chairman : Prime Minister (or designated Deputy-Prime Minister) Secretary : FDA, Public Health Co-secretary : ACFS, Agriculture 7 Resource persons in : -Food Security (2) -Food Safety (1) -Food Quality (1) -Law (1) -Economic and Trade (1) -Food Innovation (1) Defense Committee members 11 related ministries, 4 executive administrators Finance Foreign Affairs Social development and human security Industry Public Health Commerce Interior Science Education Agriculture and Commodity The National Security Council The National Economic and Social Development board The Consumer Protection board The national health committee Committee / Sub-Committee

12 The Authority of the National Food Committee Setting policy, planning strategies, monitoring and assessing Food Security Food Safety Food Quality Food Education Advices and provisions of guidance to the related ministries / authorities Advices the cabinet in case of food disaster or bioterrorism for action and land uses Meeting at least 2 times a year

13 A Cabinet Resolution on Thailand Food Strategy Approved The National Food Strategy on 25 November 2010

14 Thailand Food Strategy Guided plan Risk based analysis Principles Participation/ Partnership Evidence based plan Integration Sustainability REVIEW Related Food Strategies of: ASEAN Australia Japan Canada England EU Etc. SWOT Analysis Food Management Strategic Framework Vision Objectives Theme 1 Food security Theme 2 Food quality and safety Theme 3 Food education Theme 4 Management System Outcomes REVIEW Related Food Strategies of Thai Gov. Agencies: NESDB Min. of Public Health Min. of Agriculture and Commodity Min. of Industry Min. of Commerce Etc. Continued Research and Knowledge Based Inputs Food Chain Approach / Global Reach / Local Links to the community and household

15 Food Chain Approach Safe and Nutritious Food OUTCOMES Good Manufacturing Practices Good Hygienic Practices GOOD PRACTICES Good Agricultural Practices Plant and Animal Agro- Biodiversity (Genetics) Nutrition For Plant and Animal Plant and Animal Diseases Prevention and Control BASIC ISSUES Land Use Water Management

16 Continuum from Agriculture to Health Agriculture Food supply Food Service Food Nutrition Health Promotion Protection Treatment Food production Nutrition orientation for healthy diet Food, feed and fuel and bio-products Climate changes Food quality Food safety (Consumer and Trade) Nutrient needs Safe from Hazards Dietary intakes Good health Nutritional wellbeing Nutrition literacy F o o d S e c u r i t y F o o d a n d N u t r i t i o n E d u c a t i o n F o o d C u l t u r e

17 Review of Food Situation 1.Food Security 2.Food Quality and Safety 3.Food Education 4.Management

18 Swot analysis Strength 1. Fertile food production resources 2. Food contribute significantly to socioeconomic and cultural development 3. Thai foods are unique and well accepted internationally 4. Continued improvement in food production and agro-industry Opportunity 1.Increasing demand of high quality, safe and nutritious food 2. Global recognition of Thai food and food culture 3. Food is always in demand and more in crisis situations 4. Geographical Location of the country is conductive to trade 5. New innovation and technology in food 1. Agriculture and food production sectors are not popular among young generation Threat 2. Competition for agriculture production resources for food, feed, fuel, bioproduct and non- food crop 3. New threats from global warming, plant/ animals diseases Weakness 1. Complexity in food management 2. Inadequate inputs for small food producers 3. Degradation and deterioration of land and water in certain areas 4. Low investment in R&D 5. High logistic cost related to food 6. Weak consumer awareness 4. Trade competition and barriers

19 Strength 1. Fertile food production resources 2. Food contribute significantly to socio-economic and cultural development 3. Thai foods are unique and well accepted internationally 4. Continued improvement in food production and agro-industry

20 Weakness 1. Complexity in food management 2. Inadequate inputs for small food producers 3. Degradation and deterioration of land and water in certain areas 4. Low investment in R&D 5. High logistic cost related to food 6. Weak consumer awareness

21 Opportunity 1. Increasing demand of high quality, safe and nutritious food 2. Global recognition of Thai food and food culture 3. Food is always in demand and more in crisis situations 4. Geographical Location of the country is conductive to trade 5. New innovation and technology in food

22 Threat 1. Agriculture and food production sectors are not popular among young generation 2. Competition for agriculture production resources for food, feed, fuel, bioproduct and non- food crop 3. New threats from global warming, plant/ animals diseases 4. Trade competition and barriers

23 VISION Ensuring Quality and Safe Food Supply for Food Security and Human Well-Being OBJECTIVES 1. Efficient and effective management of food production resources 2. Ensuring high quality, safe and nutritious food produced at household, community, and industrial levels 3. Promotion of R&D and utilization of knowledge along the food chain 4. Strengthening food management systems (food law, food database, etc.) 5. Ensuring food security in both normal and crisis situation at the household, community and national levels

24 THEMES, STRATEGIES & MEASURES : Food Security Food Quality and Safety Food Education Management 10 strategies 41 measures 6 strategies 33 measures 5 strategies 17 measures 3 strategies 12 measures

25 Theme 1 : Food Security Principle : Ensuring a sustainable food security and effective management of food production resources by active stakeholders participation Natural & Agricultural Resources Production Supply & Access Land & Water Mgt/Reforming Balancing Food, Feed & Fuel Food Production Zoning Innovation & Technology Capacity & Career Development for Farmers Enhancing Food Access at Household & Communities Logistics Improvement Establish Crisis Management Systems R & D Along the Food Chain Active Stakeholders Participation

26 Theme 1 : Food Security 10 Strategies 1. Accelerate land reform and agricultural area protection 2. Manage water and land resource for agricultural and community forest 3. Find the balance between food and energy plant 4. Improve food production efficiency 5. Create motivation in agricultural occupation and increase number of young agriculturist

27 Theme 1 : Food Security 6. Promote food access in household and community level 7. Develop and improve logistic systems for agricultural and food products 8. Create collaborative between government agencies, private sectors and citizen in food security 9. Research and develop technology and innovation in every steps of food production 10. Create emergency plan for food security in emergency circumstance

28 Theme 2 : Food Quality and Safety Principle : Ensuring high quality and safe food to protect consumer health and to facilitate domestic/international trade Trading & marketing promotion To protect consumer and create fairness as well as facilitating trading Establishment of harmonized standards. Food standard Quality Safety Nutrition Strengthening of food quality and safety assurance systems. Primary Product Community Food Production Food Industry R&D, GAP Standard farm Food educator R&D to create knowledge/innovation Food storage and processing/ food loss reduction Local culture Promote collecting and processing station Strengthening Improve food production standard Value added International standard

29 Theme 2 : Food Quality and Safety 6 Strategies 1. Standardized food safety and promote its implementation 2. Improve quality and safety of primary food product, increase nutritional value 3. Support and oversee food production in community level to prevent loss and increase value to the product 4. Support and oversee food production in all industrial level 5. Promote trading and marketing of standard product from community and industrial level 6. Strengthen control and monitoring of national food quality and food safety

30 Theme 3 : Food Education Principle : R&D and knowledge utilization through engaging stakeholders in sustainable and effective use of food production resources along the food chain and also strengthening desirable consumption behavior for well-being R&D Output Research and Knowledge Development Best Practice Knowledge Integration Knowledge Dissemination Knowledge Utilization & Practice Basic Knowledge Utilization

31 Theme 3 : Food Education 5 Strategies 1. Promote collaboration and integration of all involved agencies in food education 2. Support research which can be applied to food-related issue 3. Create knowledge management in food education and continuously distribute knowledge 4. Promote appropriate food education to agriculturist and community 5. Promote appropriate individual and community consuming behavior

32 Theme 4 : Management Principle : Effective food management systems along the food chain to deal with current and emerging issues in food Organization Reorganization & Strengthening Legal system Revise and Reform Database & Management System

33 Theme 4 : Management 3 Strategies 1. Improve and strengthen structure of involved organization 2. Develop and improve laws related to food production 3. Improve database and administration

34 Expected Outcomes 1) Maintaining a sustainable food production resources 2) Efficiency in food production at community level with effective management systems enhancing economic growth. 3) Both domestic and imported foods are high in quality, safe and nutritious, and accessible by consumers 4) Effective food management systems to deal with normal and crisis situations 5) Uniqueness of Thai food and food culture continue increasingly more popular worldwide

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