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2 (Rashid and Sparks, 1991 Ryan, 2004 ) ph. Peleg et al., 2008 Koocheki, Mollashi et al., Zn Hu and

3 S1 S2 S3 Olsen et al., 1954 Pauwels et al., 2006 Lindsay and Norvell, 1978 SAS Excel V3 Z3 V1 Z2 Z1 V2 Tle 1 - Chemical properties of soil TNV(%) Depth cm Saturated mud PH Electrical Conductivity ds.m-1 Organic Carbon(%) P Absorption mg.kg -1 K bsorption mg.kg -1 Zinc Absorption mg.kg

4 Tle 2- Physical properties of different layers of soil Soil depth(cm) Kocheki, 1997 Soil Texture (%) Soil Texture Class Sand% Silt% Clay% Silty-Loam Clay-Loam Loam. Bulk density (g/cm3)

5 Tle 3 - Mean squares characteristics of wheat cultivars under different moisture regimes and foliar application with zinc sulfate Grain Zn Number S.P.S grain weight Harvest index Total D.M. Grain yield * and ** significant at the 5% and 1% probility levels, respectively D.F R ** 15 * * * ** 2 S E ** ** ** ** 2 Z ** 36 * * S* Z ** V ** * 4 S*V ** Z*V * E CV% S.O.V.

6 Tle 4 - Mean comparison characteristics of wheat cultivars, zinc sulfate and moisture regimes under field conditions Grain Zn mg/kg B 35 A Number S.P.S grain gr weight 38 A 34 B 37 A Harvest Index (%) AB 41 A Total D.M kg/ha AB A Grain yield kg/ha) AB 8299 A 38 A B B 7480 B Z A 40 A A 8396 A S AB 34 B 39 A 36 B A B 8019 A 6500 B Means, in each column, followed by similar letter(s) are not significantly different at the 5% probility level- using Duncan s Multiple Range Test a c V1 V2 V3 Z1 Z2 S2 S3 Treatment V Zn mg.kg -1 S Figure 1. The effects of interaction water deficit and zinc sulfate application on total dry mater of wheat

7 a c c c c Figure 2. The effects of interaction water deficit and different genotypes of wheat on grain yield Hu and. Sparks, 1991 Cakmak, 2009

8 Poltoo et al., 1994 Casanova et al., 2002 Khan et Cakmak, 2009 al., 2008 Ahmadi et al., 2000 Mollashi et al., 2007 Cakmak, 2009 (Tataeian, 2010)

9 Radmehr, 2000 Innes et al., a Ahmadi et c c al., Figure 3. The effects of interaction water deficit and zinc sulfate application on 1000 grain weight of wheat

10 b b a Figure 4. The effects of interaction water deficit and different genotypes of wheat on 1000 grain weight c a Khan et al., c 2008 Richards et al., 2002

11 a b c c d Radmehr, 2000 Figure 5. The effects of interaction water deficit and zinc sulfate application on harvest index of wheat

12 a b Figure 6. The effects of interaction different genotypes of wheat and zinc sulfate application on number of seed per spike Alloway, 2006 Movahedi Dehnavs et al., 2009 FAO., 2000

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14 References Ahmadi, A., A. Child., and A. Baker Stomata factors limiting photosynthesis in wheat under drought stress. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Iran. Volume 31, Number 4: (In Persian). Alloway, B. J Zinc in soils and crop nutrition. University of Reading, UK. Sheffield Academic Press. 155 pp. Cakmak, I Enrichment of fertilizers with zinc: An excellent investment for humanity and crop production in India. J. Trace Elements Med Biol.10: Casanova, D., J. Goudriaan., and M. M. Forner Rice prediction from yield components and limiting factors. European Journal of Agronomy. 17: FAO The state of food insecurity in the world, FAO, Rome. Hu, H., and D. Sparks Zinc deficiency inhibits chlorophyll synthesis and gas exchange in Stuart pecan. Hort. Science. 26: Innes, P., J. Hoogendoorn., and R.D. Black Well Effects of differences in date of ear emergence and height on yield of winter wheat. Journal of Agricultural Science (Cambridge). 105: Khan, M. A., M. P. Fuller., and F. S. Baloch Effect of soil applied zinc sulphate on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown on a calcareous soil in Pakistan. Cereal Research Communications. 36(4): Kocheki, A Farming and breeding in dryland agriculture (translated). Mashhad University Press Jahad. 320 pp. (In Persian). Lindsay, W. I., and W. A. Norvell Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Science. Soc. Amer. Journal. 42: Mollashi, A., M. Khorshidi., and M. Farbodi The relationship between grain yield and dry matter after flowering with no stress and drought stress conditions in the last season in promising cultivars of winter wheat. Journal of Agricultural Science, University of Triz. 1(3): (In Persian). Movahedy Dehnavy, M., S. A. M. Modarres Sanavy., and M. Bidgoli Foliar application of zinc and manganese improves seed yield and quality of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) grown under water deficit stress. Industrial Crop and Productions. 30: Olsen, S. R. C., V. Cole., F. S. Watane., and L. A. Dean Estimation of availle phosphorus in soil by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA. Circulation 939, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. Pauwels, J.M., E. Van Ranst., and Ze. A. Mvondo Plant and Soil Analysis. Sheffield Academic Press. 225 pp. Peleg, Z., Y. Saranga., A. Yazici., T. Fahima., L. Ozturk., and I. Cakmak Grain zinc, iron and protein concentrations and zinc efficiency in wild emmer wheat under contrasting irrigation regimes. Plant Soil. 306: Poltoo, J. A., N. Turner, and I. R. Filery Remobilization of carbon and N in wheat as influenced by post anthesis water deficits. Crop Science, 34: Radmehr, M The effect of heat stress on the physiology of crop growth. Ferdowsi University Press of Mashhad. 201 pp. (In Persian). Rashid, A., and Ryan J Micronutrient constraints to crop production in soils with mediterranean- type characteristics: Review of Journal of Plant Nutrition 27 (6): Richards, R. A., G. J, Rebetzke., A. G, Condon., and A. F, Van Herwaarden Breeding opportunities for increasing of water use and crop yield in temperate cereals. Crop Sci Tataeian, J The effects of foliar application of nano particles of zinc on the growth proceeding of winter wheat cultivars under drought stress. Final Report of Research Project. Islamic Azad University, Ardestan Branch. p.130