How do location, climate, and natural resources influence Europe and its people?
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1 How do location, climate, and natural resources influence Europe and its people? Standards: SS6G10a. Compare how the location, climate, and natural resources of the United Kingdom and Russia affect where people live and how they trade. SS6G10b. Compare how the location, climate, and natural resources of Germany and Italy affect where people live and how they trade.
2 Vocabulary 1. Urban- city; heavily populated areas 2. Rural- country side ; less populated areas 3. Densely populated- many people in an area 4. Marine climate- warm, humid 5. Arable- land good for farming 6. Landlocked- completely surrounded by land; does not border a body of water
3
4 There are many factors that impact where people live and how they trade. We are going to look at a few of these factors for four European countries.
5 Compare the location, climate, and natural resources of the United Kingdom and Russia.
6 United Kingdom Great Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales) and Northern Ireland
7 Location of the UK A country of islands off the coast of mainland Europe Made up of Great Britain, Northern Ireland, Scotland, & Wales
8 What are the advantages and disadvantages of the United Kingdom s location?
9 United Kingdom s Location The United Kingdom is surrounded by water which impacts the way in which it trades with other countries. How? The United Kingdom s location is a major influence on its climate [this will be discussed more in-depth] The primary type of military used is also influenced by the United Kingdom s location. Why?
10 Location of UK on Trade Location has helped the UK become an international banking & insurance center Has more foreign bank branches than any country in the world Location on the Atlantic Ocean helps it trade with the US US is the UK s #1 trading partner!
11 Location and Climate What would be your guess about the climate of the United Kingdom? United Kingdom Canada Central America You are here Africa Has anyone traveled far up North? What was the weather like? What do you know about the climate of Canada?
12 Actually, the climate of the United Kingdom and many other European countries is Moderate. What does that mean? Synonyms for Moderate: fair, mild, medium, temperate If the United Kingdom is on a similar latitude as Canada, how is its climate moderate?
13 Gulf Steam s affect on Climate watcyc.currents/the-role-of-ocean-currents-in-climate/
14 The United Kingdom s climate has mild temperatures, and it has moist weather with plenty of rain is good for crops.
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16
17 Natural Resources of the United Kingdom
18 Where do people live in the United Kingdom?
19 Where People Live About 60 million people live in the United Kingdom. Land Area: 243,610 sq km Around 90% of the UK s people live in cities. London has over 7 million people!
20 Compare the diagram showing the United Kingdom s major cities with the population density map. Where do most people live? Major Cities in the United Kingdom
21 People in the United Kingdom Most people live in urban (city) areas There are some areas of farming, but Great Britain has to import one-third of its food. Great Britain s capital, London, is a world center for trade and banking Great Britain also has manufacturing industries such as iron and steel and electronics that affect where people live.
22 London
23 Russia
24 What are the advantages and disadvantages of Russia s location?
25 Location of Russia Spans 2 continents: Europe & Asia! So wide that a train trip across takes a week! Shares a border with 15 countries Eastern side is bound by Pacific Ocean Northern side is bounded by Arctic Ocean At its closest point, Russia & US are only 3 miles apart across Bering Strait!
26 The Gulf Stream does not affect Russia; therefore, due to its location, Russia s climate is severe in many areas. In some areas it is so cold that the soil is permanently frozen which hinders farming and economic development. Russia is unfavorably located in relation to major sea lanes of the world which further inhibits trade. Russia s Location
27 Russia s Russia Climate Russia s climate is very cold because it is located near the Arctic Ocean. Russia does not get a lot of rainfall. Only about 10% of Russia s total land is suitable for agriculture.
28
29 Russia s Climate Permafrost is a thick layer of soil that remains frozen. The map above shows the extent of permafrost in Russia.
30 Russia s Natural Resources
31 The Challenges of Russia s Natural Resources Russia is rich in mineral resources, with huge deposits of coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as massive forests. So, what s the problem? It is difficult and expensive to harvest and transport these resources because of the harsh climate and remote locations. The lack of access to natural resources due to climate, terrain, and distance hinders trade. Russia s mining, manufacturing, and fishing industries are fueled by the country s natural resources. Many goods are transported by railroad because rivers and major ports are blocked by ice in the winter.
32 Where do most people live in Russia? Why?
33 Where do most people live in Russia? Why? Most citizens live in western Russia on the European Plain Russia s major cities, farms, grazing land for livestock, and the country s warmest temperatures are located in western Russia.
34 Where People Live Russia is one of the most populous countries in the world, with million people. Land Area: 17,098,242 sq km Most people live WEST of the Ural mountains, where the climate is mildest and the land is the most fertile.
35 Russia Trade European Russia is mostly landlocked (difficult for trading via ship) Most of Russia s land is far from the sea or frozen over for most of the year some ports must be cleared with icebreakers 2 exceptions: Murmansk & St. Petersburg Lots of permafrost soil that is permanently frozen
36 Moscow
37 Comparing UK & Russia Geographically very different: Russia is larger, with a coastline bordering the Arctic Ocean (ports are frozen much of the year) UK is an island country with a mild climate and many ports accessible all year round
38 Comparing UK & Russia Natural Resources: Both have fossil fuels, like coal & oil UK s are dwindling, but much of Russia s coal and oil is untouchable because of the climate & size of the country
39 Compare the location, climate, and natural resources of Germany and Italy.
40 Germany
41 What are the advantages of Germany s location?
42 Germany s Location Due to Germany s location, its climate is moderate Germany is in central Europe, so it can trade easily with other European countries. Germany s location is favorable for producing many crops The Rhine River allows Germany to transport goods to the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean
43 Germany s Germany Climate Germany s climate is moderate with warm, mild summers and cool winters. The climate is good for Germany s agriculture industry, which uses about half of Germany s land.
44
45 The map to the right illustrates Germany s favorable climate for agriculture.
46 Look at the map of Germany again. What natural resources do you see?
47 Germany s Natural Resources o Germany has enormous deposits of coal and iron ore that fuel a huge manufacturing industry known for steel production, automobiles, building materials, and many other items. o These products are then transported to the Rhine River (Germany s major commercial waterway), and then on to the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean for trade.
48 Where do most people live in Germany?
49 Most Germans live in western Germany Ruhr Valley The Ruhr Valley in western German is the most densely populated area in the country filled with factories, cities, and towns.
50 Where People Live in Germany Population: 82,000,000 Germany is one of the most densely populated countries in Europe 85% of population live in urban areas Berlin is the largest city and capital
51 Germany- Trade cont. Marine climate Exports: chemicals, food, iron/steel, machinery, cars, potash, instruments Major Trading Partners: European Union (we will learn about this later), Switzerland, Japan, US tourism
52 Germany- Travel and Trade Excellent highway system Ports (exports & imports) Airports (14 major airports) Which would be easier for transportation of good, the Alps or the European Plain? Why?
53 Italy
54 What are the advantages of Italy s location?
55 Italy s Location Due to Italy s location, its climate is moderate Since Italy is close to central Europe, the northern cities can trade easily with other European countries. Since most of Italy is surrounded by water, it has many ports to ship and receive goods.
56 Italy s Climate Italy Italy s climate is moderate with generally cool winters (colder in mountain regions) and warm summers. Mountains cover about 70% of the country. Agriculture is strongest in the northern part of the country.
57 Take a look at the maps below. What do you notice?
58 Grapes grown in vineyards along the sides of mountains are Italy s most valuable crop. Italian grapes have made Italy the largest wine producer in the world.
59
60 Italy s Natural Resources Italy has few mineral resources Italy has to import most of its raw materials for industry Tourism is the most important industry in Italy. Why would tourists like to visit Italy?
61 Italy s Natural Resources Arable land small farms cover Italy grow grapes and olives top wine making country Sea fishing -anchovies and sardines (important to the economy) gather sponges and coral
62 According to the map to the right, where is most of Italy s industry located? How does the location of these industries affect the people of Italy?
63 Based on what you have learned already, where do you think most people live in Italy? Why?
64 Most people live in the northern part of Italy where most of Italy s industry and agriculture is located.
65 Where People Live in Italy Population: 58,000,000 7 out of 10 Italians live in Urban areas About ½ of the people of Italy live in the northern 1/3 of the country
66 Italy- Trade Ships- Long history of trade because of its location on the Mediterranean Sea. It ships to and from Europe and Asia. There are more than 800 ports 12 + major sea ports 7 major airports 8 major seaports Excellent highways, bridges, and tunnels
67 Italy- Trade cont. Exports: chemicals, clothing, food, footwear, iron & steel, machinery, motor vehicles, petroleum products, textiles Major trading partners: Germany, France, U.K. and U.S tourism
68 Summarizing Strategy Part I: Which factor: location, climate, or natural resources has the greatest impact on where people live? Use one of the European countries studied to support your answer. Part II: Which factor: location, climate, or natural resources has the greatest impact on how countries trade? Use one of the European countries studied to support your answer.
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