T I M E L I N E S I N D I A : ANCIENT. film ideas, Inc. INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE TIMELINES OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS 14 PART SERIES

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1 TIMELINES OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS -PART SERIES EGYPTIAN Part I & II CHINESE Part I & II GREEK Part I & II INDIA Part I & II ROMAN Part I & II JAPANESE Part I & II MESOPOTAMIAN Part I & II film ideas, Inc. Presents T I M E L I N E S Of ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS PART SERIES Consider Visiting These Web Sites: Film ideas, inc. 08 N. Wolf Rd. Wheeling, IL Tel: filmid@ais.net Web Site: Copyright 006 I N D I A : P A R T ALEXANDER THE GREAT TO MODERN DAY INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE

2 INTRODUCTION TO SERIES Study the map on pg.. Then write the name of the location on the solid black line. Designed to enhance the social studies curriculum for the intermediate aged student on up. Timelines of Ancient Civilizations offers students a unique perspective about the chronological developments of the greatest societies the world has ever known. As a complementary device with each video, an instructional guide suggests exercises to enhance the learning for teachers, parents and students. These interactive exercises will reinforce and further develop a student s level of comprehension. The instructional guide provides: Vocabulary Biography Chronology / Q & A Discussion Points / Activities Geography Permission granted to copy the exercises provided in this guide. For educational use ONLY. E-Guides available at

3 Study the location of the countries on the map. Then test your geography skills on pg.. AFGHANISTAN PAKISTAN INDIA CHINA After conquering Persia, Alexander the Great was determined to add India to his own growing empire. However, his small army was exhausted and refused to go, so in 6 BCE, Alexander halted his attempt to conquer India and prepared to return to Greece. Chandra Gupta threw out the remaining Greek warriors and raised an army large enough to attack the Magadha and consolidate the entire Ganges River Basin under his rule. Under Chandra Gupta, the Maurya Empire rose to greatness. His heirs would rule India for almost 50 years. Because of the wide variety of goods India had to offer, it enjoyed a thriving trade business. The Romans traded with India by way of water routes from the time of Julius Caesar until the fall of the Byzantine Empire in the 5th century CE. The Parthians traded with India over land routes. The Parthians and their descendants would control major portions of India for 00 years before they were finally defeated by the Satavahanas who would rule for the next 50 years. The period of CE is known as the Golden Age in India. During this time, Samudra Gupta established one of the world s earliest political unions. After his death, the Gupta Empire fell and an era of small kingdoms and sultanates returned. Between 67 and 00 CE, the Muslims invaded India. By 00 CE, the subcontinent was divided into Muslim and Hindu kingdoms. The conflict of ideas continues to cause major problems even to this day. In 98 CE, the Europeans began to arrive in India. First, the Portuguese came, followed by the English, and then the French. Eventually, the English gained control. India began to struggle for independence around 885, but in 95, Mohandas Gandhi came to the front of the struggle and promoted civil disobedience. The country was partitioned into separate states for the Hindus and the Muslims since they disliked each other so much. India gained its independence in 97, and the Hindus and Muslims had to move to their designated countries. The movement took place but resulted in the loss of millions of lives. Today, India is the largest of six countries on the subcontinent. The capital of India is New Delhi. With over one billion people, India is second in population only to China. I N D I A

4 VOCABULARY of India Part II ALLAH: The God of Islam. BANGLADESH: One of the six countries that share the subcontinent. It was originally known as East Pakistan and became fully independent from West Pakistan in 97. BHUTAN: A tiny country that is one of the six countries that share the subcontinent. CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE: Passive resistance; a form of protest advocated by Mahatma Gandhi. GOA: An island off India s west coast, which remained in Portuguese hands until the 960s. GURKAS: Indian mercenaries hired by the British to fight for them from the early days right through World War II. INDIA: A country of southern Asia consisting of approximately,6,880 square miles; the second most populous country in the world; one of six countries that share the subcontinent. JAINISM: A religion of India founded by Mahavira in about 599 BCE. It has no caste system. JAWAHARLAL NEHRU: The first prime minister of India after India gained its independence from the British on August 5, 97. MAHATMA (MOHANDAS) GANDHI: The leader of India s independence movement against Britain, who advocated civil disobedience. He was assassinated on January 0, 98. Study the vocabulary words on pgs. &. Then fill in the blank by selecting the words from the answers list: ANSWERS LIST : Islam Parthia Jawaharlal Nehru Tamerlane Mercenaries Mohammed Jainism civil disobedience Pakistan A) are paid soldiers. B) was an ancient country in what is now Iran that conquered major portions of India and ruled there for 00 years. C) was a prophet who founded Islam. D) The religion of was founded by Mahavira in about 599 BCE and has no caste system. E), or passive resistance, is a form of peaceful protest advocated by Gandhi.

5 Q & A about India Part II Study the vocabulary words on pages & and the timeline on pg.. Then answer the questions.. What is the highest mountain in the world? In what country is it located?. What happened in India in 857? Why did it happen? How long did it last?. When did the Golden Age of India occur? What leader is considered responsible for it? What was one of his major contributions to history?. Who was India s first prime minister? When did he become prime minister? Why? 5. What six countries make up the Indian subcontinent? 6. Who was the leader of India s movement for independence from the British? What was the type of protest he advocated? When and how did he die? 7. Islam is one of the chief religions of India. Who founded Islam? Who is the God of Islam? Name another religion of India. 8. Who were the first Europeans to explore India? What explorer was the first to sail to India? What island off of India did these Europeans control until the 960s? 0 MERCENARIES: Paid soldiers. MOHAMMED: A prophet, born in 570 CE on the Arabian Peninsula, who founded the religion of Islam. MOUNT EVEREST: The highest mountain in the world, located in Nepal. NEPAL: One of the six countries that share the subcontinent, a mountain kingdom that is home to Mt. Everest. NEW DELHI: The capital of India, located in the northern part of the country. PAKISTAN: One of the six countries that share the subcontinent. Its capital is Islamabad. PARTHIA: An ancient country in what is now Iran. The Parthians wereone of Rome s toughest foes and traded with India over land routes. They eventually conquered major portions of India and ruled for 00 years. SAMUDRA GUPTA: Indian leader considered responsible for the contributions of India s Golden Age; established one of the world s earliest political unions. SRI LANKA: An island nation that is one of the six countries that share the subcontinent. TAJ MAHAL: A white marble and red sandstone structure in Agra, India, built by Shah Jahan as a monument to his wife. TAMERLANE: The brutal Turkish Sultan of Samarkand who invaded India in 98 and ravaged the city of Delhi. THE MUTINY : A rebellion that took place in India in 857 and lasted for two years. The Indian people revolted against the British.

6 TIMELINE of India Part II billion years ago: When many scientists believe planet earth began. -6 BCE: Alexander the Great occupied the Asian continent but did not conquer India BCE: The Maurya Empire. 0 BCE- ABOUT 70 CE: The Parthians control major portions of western and northern India. ABOUT CE: The Satavahanas rule India : The Golden Age of India. 67: The Huns invaded India and gained a foothold. 570: Mohammed was born : The Muslim invasion of India. 98: Tamerlane invaded India and ravaged Delhi. 98: Vasco da Gama sailed from Africa directly to India. 6-97: The British controlled India. 68: The Taj Mahal was completed : The Indian struggle for independence from the British. 97: India gained its independence. Jawaharlal Nehru became the first prime minister. Discussion Points /Activities. Imagine you lived during the time of ancient India. Discuss how life would be different than living in the st century.. A timeline offers a chronological perspective of significant events which have happened throughout history. After viewing the program, study the timeline on pg of this guide, then develop your own timeline which illustrates India s enduring history. Perhaps use the computer; add pictures along with text; or develop a multimedia presentation.. The Taj Mahal in India is one of the most famous and most beautiful structures in the world. You might write a brief report explaining its history, architecture, and the people behind it. Use the internet for your research.. The British controlled India from 6 until 97. You might write a report, highlighting the key events that occurred during this time related to the British--British influences, conflicts, notable historical figures (both British and Indian). Use the Internet for your research. 5. You might create a map of the Indian subcontinent. Highlight the six countries on the subcontinent and label their capitals. Mark the surrounding countries, mountain ranges, and bodies of water. 6. Many species of plants and animals are unique to the Indian subcontinent. You might try to find ten plants and ten animals that are found only on the Indian subcontinent. Describe the plants and animals, write about an interesting fact about the plant or animal, and include a picture if you can find one. Use the Internet for your research. 98: Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated. 97: Bangladesh became fully independent from West Pakistan. 9

7 GEOGRAPHY of India Part II Study the map on pgs. 6 & 7. Then on the solid black line write the name of the location and on a separate piece of paper write a brief description of each location. Use the words described in this guide on pgs. & to complete the crossword. 5 6 ACROSS: DOWN: ) Indian mercenaries hired by the British ) Leader of India s movement for independence from Britain 5 ) Indian religion founded by Mahavira 5) First prime minister of India. ) The God of Islam ) Island country that is part of the Indian subcontinent 6) Leader associated with India s Golden Age ANSWERS: Across - ) Gurkas, ) Jainism, 5) Nehru Down - ) Gandhi, ) Allah, ) Sri Lanka, 6) Gupta

8 MAP of India Part II Study the modern-day map and its significant locations below. Then test your geography skills on pg. 8. HIMALAYAS: The mountains located on the northeastern border of India. ARABIAN SEA: The body of water located along India s southwestern border. BAY OF BENGAL: The body of water located along India s southeastern border. NEW DELHI: The capital city of India today. 5 INDIAN OCEAN: The ocean to the south of India