TECHNICAL INFORMATION BOOKLET
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1 TECHNICAL INFORMATION BOOKLET FCBM 36:06 FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION ONLY Units of Measurement and Conversion Factors FEDERATION OF CORRUGATED BOX MANUFACTURERS OF INDIA
2 FOREWORD Units of Measurement are important to understand, estimate and communicate. Over the years, the units have undergone changes from inch to mm; from lb to kg, etc. This FCBM Technical Information Booklet is a ready reference book with conversion factors to enable the reader to convert units from one to another. I do hope the readers will find this booklet an useful ready reckoner. I, on behalf of FCBM, congratulate the R&D Committee headed by Shri Ram Kumar Sunkara for the excellent work. Manohar Shetty President Federation of Corrugated Box Manufacturers of India
3 MASS Units of Measurement: Kilograms (Kgs), Pounds (lbs), Ton. 1 Kilograms (Kgs) Pounds (lbs) 2 Pounds (lbs) Kilograms (Kgs) 3 Ton 1000 Kilograms (Kgs) 4 Ton 2204 Pounds (lbs) 5 Short Ton 2000 Pounds (lbs) AREA Units of Measurement: Square inch (sq.in), Square centimeter (sq.cm), Square meter (sq.m) 1 Square inch (sq.in) Square centimeter (sq.cm) 2 Square inch (sq.in) Square meter (sq.m) 3 Square meter (sq.m) 10,000 Square centimeter (sq.cm) 4 Square centimeter Square meter (sq.m) (sq.cm) 5 Square meter (sq.m) 1550 Square inch (sq.in) 6 Square centimeter Square inch (sq.in) (sq.cm)
4 BASIS WEIGHT, GRAMMAGE Units of Measurement: Grams per square meter (GSM, g/m 2 ), Pounds per 1000 square feet (lbs/msf) 1 Pounds per Grams per square square feet (lbs/msf) meter (g/m 2 ) (GSM) (Also expressed simply as pounds or # ) 2 Grams per square Pounds per 1000 meter (g/m 2 ) (GSM) square feet (lbs/msf) THICKNESS OR CALIPER Units of Measurement: Millimeter (mm), Microns (µ), Inches (in) 1 Mils Millimeter (mm) 2 Point Millimeter (mm) 3 Inches (in) 25.4 Millimeter (mm) 4 Millimeter (mm) 1000 Microns (µ) 5 Microns (µ) Millimeter (mm) 6 Millimeter (mm) Inches (in)
5 BURSTING STRENGTH Units of Measurement: Kilograms per square centimeter (Kg/cm 2 ), Pounds per square inch (psi), Kilopascals (kpa), Kilonewtons per square meter (kn/m 2 ), Points 1 Pounds per square Kilopascals (kpa) inch (psi) 2 Points Kilopascals (kpa) 3 Kilograms per square Kilopascals (kpa) centimeter (Kg/cm 2 ) 4 Kilonewtons per square 1 Kilopascals (kpa) meter (kn/m 2 ) 5 Kilograms per square Pounds per centimeter (Kg/cm 2 ) square inch (psi) 6 Pounds per square Kilograms per square inch (psi) centimeter (Kg/cm 2 ) 7 Kilopascals (kpa) Pounds per square inch (psi) 8 Kilopascals (kpa) Kilograms per square centimeter (Kg/cm 2 ) 9 Kilopascals (kpa) 1 Kilonewtons per square meter (kn/m 2 )
6 PUNCTURE RESISTANCE Units of Measurement: Joules (J), Beach Unit (BU), Puncture Unit (PU), Scale Unit (SU), Inch ounces per tear inch (in-oz/in), Inch ounces force (in-ozf), Inch pound force (in-lbf), Centimeter Kilogram force (cm-kgf), Foot pounds force (ft-lbf), GE units 1 Centimeter Kilogram Joules (J) force (cm-kgf) 2 Centimeter Kilogram Puncture Unit (PU) force (cm-kgf) 3 Centimeter Kilogram Beach Unit (BU) force (cm-kgf) 4 Centimeter Kilogram Inch ounces per force (cm-kgf) tear inch (in-oz/in) 5 Inch pound force Joules (J) (in-lbf) 6 Inch pound force (in-lbf) Puncture Unit (PU) 7 Inch pound force (in-lbf) Beach Unit (BU) 8 Inch pound force (in-lbf) Inch ounces per tear inch (in-oz/in) 9 Scale Unit (SU) Joules (J) ( cm-kgf)
7 10 Scale Unit (SU) 1 Beach Unit (BU) ( cm-kgf) 11 Scale Unit (SU) 1 Inch ounces per ( cm-kgf) tear inch (in-oz/in) 12 Foot pounds force Joules (J) (ft-lbf) 13 Inch ounces force Joules (J) (in-ozf) 14 Puncture Unit (PU) 1 GE units 15 Puncture Unit (PU) 1 Inch ounces per tear inch (in-oz/in) 16 Puncture Unit (PU) 1 Beach Unit (BU) 17 Puncture Unit (PU) Inch pound force (in-lbf) 18 Puncture Unit (PU) Centimeter Kilogram force (cm-kgf) 19 Puncture Unit (PU) Joules (J) 20 Joule (J) Inch ounces per tear inch (in-oz/in)
8 RING CRUSH TEST (RCT) Units of Measurement: Kilograms per 6 inches length (Kgs/6 in), Pounds per 6 inches length (lbs/ 6 in), Kilonewtons per meter, Kilograms per centimeter (Kgs/cm). 1 Kilograms per 6 inches Kilonewtons per meter length (Kgs/6 in) 2 Pounds per 6 inches Kilonewtons per meter length (lbs/6 in) 3 Newtons per 6 inches Kilonewtons per meter length (N/6 in) 4 Kilograms per Kilonewtons per meter centimeter (Kgs/cm) 5 Kilonewtons per Pounds per 6 inches meter length (lbs/6 in) 6 Kilonewtons per Kilograms per 6 inches meter length (Kgs/6 in) EDGE WISE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (ECT) Units of Measurement: Kilograms per inch (Kg/in), Pounds per inch (lbs/in), Kilonewtons per meter. 1 Kilograms per inch Kilonewtons per meter (Kg/in) 2 Pounds per inch Kilonewtons per meter (lbs/in) 3 Kilonewtons per meter Pounds per inch (lbs/in) 4 Kilonewtons per meter Kilograms per inch (Kg/in)
9 FLAT CRUSH RESISTANCE OF CORRUGATED BOARD (FCT) Units of Measurement: Kilograms per square centimeter (Kgs/cm 2 ), Pounds per square inch (lbs/in 2 ), Kilopascals (kpa). 1 Kilograms per square Kilopascals (kpa) centimeter (Kgs/cm 2 ) 2 Pounds per square Kilopascals (kpa) inch (lbs/in 2 ) (PSI) 3 Kilopascals (kpa) Kilograms per square centimeter (Kgs/cm 2 ) 4 Kilopascals (kpa) Pounds per square inch (lbs/in 2 ) (PSI) PLY BOND OF PAPER Units of Measurement: Kilograms per square centimeter (Kgs/cm 2 ), Pounds per square inch (lbs/in 2 ), Kilopascals (kpa), Kilonewtons per meter, Joules per square meter (J/m 2 ), Foot-pound per square inch (ft-lb/in 2 ), Pounds per inch (lbs/in), Kilograms per millimeters (Kgs/mm). 1 Kilograms per square Kilopascals (kpa) centimeter (Kgs/cm 2 ) 2 Pounds per Kilopascals (kpa) square inch (lbs/in 2 ) 3 Pounds per inch Kilonewtons per meter (lbs/in) 4 Kilograms per Kilonewtons per meter millimeter (Kgs/mm) 5 Foot-pound per Joules per square square inch (ft-lb/in 2 ) meter (J/m 2 )
10 TENSILE STRENGTH OF PAPER Units of Measurement: Kilonewtons per meter, Newtons per meter (N/m), Pounds per inch (lbs/in), Pounds per 15 mm (lbs/15 mm), Ounces per inch (oz/in), Kilograms per 15 mm (Kgs/15 mm), Kilograms per 25 mm (Kgs/25 mm), Kilograms per centimeters (Kgs/cm), Grams per millimeters (gms/mm), Newtons per 15 mm (N/15 mm). 1 Pounds per inch Kilonewtons per meter (lbs/in) 2 Pounds per 15 mm Kilonewtons per meter (lbs/15 mm) 3 Ounces per inch Newtons per meter (oz/in) (N/m) 4 Kilograms per 15 mm Kilonewtons per meter (Kgs/15 mm) 5 Kilograms per 25 mm Kilonewtons per meter (Kgs/25 mm) 6 Kilograms per Kilonewtons per meter centimeter (Kgs/cm) 7 Grams per millimeter Newtons per meter (gms/mm) (N/m) 8 Newtons per 15 mm Newtons per meter (N/15 mm) (N/m)
11 OTHERS Units of Measurement: 1 Pounds (lbs) Newtons (N) 2 Pounds per square Kilograms per square foot (lbs / sq.ft.) meter (Kgs/m 2 ) 3 Grams per cubic 1000 Kilograms per cubic centimeter (gms/cm 3 ) meter (Kgs/m 3 ) 4 Kilograms (Kgs) Newtons (N) 5 Kilograms per Kilonewtons per meter millimeter (Kgs/mm) 6 Feet per minute Meters per second (ft/min) (m/s) 7 Feet per minute Meters per minute (ft/min) (m/min) 8 Parts per million 1 Square millimeters per (Area) (ppm) square meter (mm 2 /m 2 ) 9 Parts per million 1 Milligrams per (mass) (ppm) Kilogram (mg/kg) 10 Pounds (lbs) Kilograms (Kgs) 11 Ounces (oz) Grams (gms) 12 British Thermal units Kilo Joules (kj) (Btu) 13 Horse Power hour Kilo Joules (kj) (HP.h) 14 Kilowatt hour (kw.h) 3600 Kilo Joules (kj) 15 Kilo calories (kcal) Kilo Joules (kj) 16 Horse Power (HP) Kilowatt (kw)
12 MEMBERS OF R & D COMMITTEE Sri. RAM KUMAR SUNKARA Sri. KIRIT MODI Sri. P. D. SHAH Sri. AL. ANNAMALAI Sri. ASHOK VYAS Sri. NITIN WADHWA Sri. SUNIL SETHI Sri. ANIL KUMAR REDDY Sri. DILIP SABOO Sri. HEMANT SARAOGI Sri. R. G. AGARWALA Sri. PAWAN KUMAR TIBREWALA Sri. ASHWIN SHAH Sri. SHILEN D. PATEL Sri. B. K. HARI Sri. SASEENDRAN Sri. N. X. GEORGE Sri. SANJEEV SUREKA Sri. V. K. DEWAN Sri. VIJAY PANJABI Chairman Co-Chairman Past Chairman Past Chairman Published in the interest of manufacturers and users of corrugated boxes. For additional copies, please write to: FEDERATION OF CORRUGATED BOX MANUFACTURERS OF INDIA C/o. Sai Kripa Insulations Pvt. Ltd. A-105, Peenya 2nd Stage, Bangalore Phone: / 283 Fax: skipl@touchtelindia.net admin@fcbm.org Website:
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