INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS

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2 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS (With Highlights of the Performance for ) BHARAT SARKAR GOVERNMENT OF INDIA RAIL MANTRALAYA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS (RAILWAY BOARD)

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4 Contents Organisation Structure 2 Personnel 58 Apex Management 3 Welfare, Development and Empowerment of Women 67 ReviewProspects 5 Facilities to Persons with Disabilities 68 Finance 8 Security 70 Freight Operation 14 Vigilance 72 Passenger Business 19 Promoting Hindi 74 Planning 25 North Eastern Region 76 Engineering 27 Railway Engineers Regiments (Territorial Army) 81 Electrification 33 Public Relations 82 Signal and Telecom 35 Undertakings and other Organisations 84 Safety 38 Advisory Boards 98 Rolling Stock 44 Important Events 99 Materials Management 50 Glossary 101 Research and Development 52 Managing the Environment 56 Summary of Audit Observations provided by C & AG and ATNs 104 Financial Statements and Operating Statistics 113

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6 Apex Management Minister of Railways Ministers of State for Railways Members, Railway Board Chairman Financial Commissioner Member Electrical Member Engineering Member Mechanical Member Staff Member Traffic Secretary Director-General Railway Health Services Railway Protection Force General Managers, Zonal Railways Central Eastern East Central East Coast **Metro Northern North Central North Eastern Northeast Frontier North Western Southern South Central South Eastern South East Central South Western Western West Central General Managers, Production Units Chittaranjan Locomotive Works Diesel Locomotive Works Integral Coach Factory Rail Wheel Factory Rail Coach Factory General Managers, Construction Units Northeast Frontier Railway (Construction) Central Organisation for Railway Electrification Director-General Railway Staff College Director-General & Ex-Officio General Manager Research, Designs and Standards Organisation Chief Administrative Officers (Railways) Central Organisation for Modernisation of Workshops Diesel Loco Modernisation Works Dinesh Trivedi K. H. Muniyappa Bharatsinh Solanki Vinay Mittal Smt. Vijaya Kanth Kul Bhushan A. P. Mishra Sanjiv Handa A. K. Vohra K. K. Srivastava V. K. Gupta Dr. V. K. Ramteke P. K. Mehta S. K. Jain G. C. Agarwal Varun Bharthuar Indra Ghosh P. B. Murty B. N. Rajasekhar* B. P. Khare* K. B. L. Mittal Keshav Chandra R.C. Agarwal Deepak Krishan G. N. Asthana A. K. Verma Arunendra Kumar A. K. Mittal Mahesh Kumar S. V. Arya Radhey Shyam B. P. Khare Abhay Kumar Khanna Rajeev Bhargava B. N. Rajasekhar Keshav Chandra* Jagdev Kalia Niraj Kumar V. Ramachandran P. K. Agarwal A. K. Kansal * Looking after. ** Metro Railway, Kolkata. (As on 21st February, 2012) 3

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8 Review-Prospects Results : Financial Performance The year ended with an excess of `1, crore which was appropriated to Development Fund. Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai, Central Railway. Freight Operation The originating revenue loading was million tonnes excluding loading of Konkan Railway in compared to million tonnes in the previous year. The transport output in terms of revenue net tonne kms. (NTKms.) was billion in compared to billion in Earnings from freight traffic (excluding miscellaneous goods earnings) was `60, crore up by `3, crore (6.63%) from the previous year. Passenger Business During , the number of passengers carried was 7,651 million compared to 7,246 million in thus registering an increase of 5.59%. Passenger kms. which is the product of the number of passengers carried and average distance traversed was 978 billion, up by 8.31% from 903 billion in the previous year. Passenger earnings increased by `2,291.2 crore (9.78%) compared to A front view of Dimapur Railway Station, Northeast Frontier Railway. Engineering Works During the year, 709 kms. of new lines were constructed and 837 kms. of track was converted to Broad Gauge. 3,465 kms. of track renewal was carried out in as against 3,840 kms. in the previous year. A view of New Delhi Railway Station, Northern Railway. Electrification 975 kms. of IR s route was electrified during Safety, Signal and Telecom There were 139 consequential train accidents during compared to 165 during Train accidents per million train kms. on IR came down from 0.17 in to 0.14 in As a step towards improving passenger amenities, INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS New Station building, Sealdah, Eastern Railway. 5

9 Public Address System at 3,865 stations, Train Display Boards at 1,090 stations and Coach Guidance Boards at 480 stations have been installed. Operating Efficiency Some important efficiency indices for compared to were as follows: Efficiency Index Broad Gauge Metre Gauge Net tonne kms. per wagon per day *9,022 9,247 * Speed (kmph) of all goods trains (all traction) Percentage of loaded to total wagon kms Net load per goods train (tonnes) 1,691 1,702 * Net tonne kms. per engine hour *20,876 20,840 *2,309 2,407 Passenger vehicle kms. per vehicle per day * * *revised Materials Management Materials Management on IR is being progressively revamped with a view to reduce costs, storage, handling, insurance and dividend charges. Turn Over Ratio in terms of value of inventories to value of materials consumed was 13% (without fuel) and 11% (with fuel) during as compared to 15% (without fuel) and 12% (with fuel) during last year. The disposal of condemned Rolling Stock and scrap arising was monitored closely. Managing the Environment Efforts continued to bring down the adverse effects of railway activities on the environment through adaptation of cleaner technologies, energy conservation measures, afforestation on vacant railway land, etc. Concerted efforts to eliminate the use of wooden sleepers, adoption of energyefficient technologies, etc. were some of the major initiatives in managing the environment. Human Resource Development A number of initiatives were taken to improve the quality of training programmes for railway employees in order to improve productivity. Industrial Relations and Personnel As on 31st March, 2011, IR had 13,28,199 regular employees as against 13,62,131 as on 31st March, 2010 a decrease of 33, INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

10 Industrial Relations remained cordial during Productivity Linked Bonus equivalent to 78 days wages was paid to all Group B (non-gazetted), C and D employees for RPF/RPSF personnel belonging to Group C and D categories received an ad hoc bonus equivalent to 30 days wages. Staff Welfare IR s welfare schemes cover a wide spectrum of activities, viz., educational facilities and assistance to the children of railway employees, handicraft centres for augmenting family income, financial assistance in sickness, subsidized housing and canteen facilities at work places and medical cover for employees and their families during service and after retirement. Performance : Passenger Business During April-December of , the number of originating passengers on IR was 6,211 million vis-à-vis 5,906 million during the corresponding period of , registering an increase of 5.15%. The Passenger earnings during this period was `20, croreup by `1, crore (8.90%) compared to the earnings during the corresponding period of last year. Freight Operation Loading of revenue-earning traffic in the period April- December of compared to the corresponding period of the previous year, was as under:- (Million tonnes) Commodity April-December April-December Coal Raw material for steel plants Pig iron and finished steel from steel plants Iron ore for export Cement Foodgrains * Fertilizers (Chemical manures) P.O.L. (Mineral oils) Balance other goods * Total revenue earning traffic *revised Total Freight Earnings (including Other Goods Earnings such as wharfage, demurrage, etc.) in the first 9 months (April- December) of stood at `49, crore which shows an increase of `4, crore (10.30%) over the earnings in the corresponding period of the previous year. INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS Night view of Platform No.1 of Bhubaneshwar Railway Station, East Coast Railway. A view of waiting room at Allahabad, North Central Railway. Potable water facilities at Dimapur Railway Station, Northeast Frontier Railway. Inside view of newly constructed retiring room at Allahabad, North Central Railway. 7

11 Finance Results for Gross Traffic Receipts of the Railways went up from `86, crore in to `94, crore in Total Working Expenses increased from `82, crore in to `89, crore in After taking into account the miscellaneous transactions, the Net Revenue Receipts were at `6, crore. After meeting the Dividend Liability, the year ended with an excess of `1, crore which was appropriated to Development Fund. The Financial Results for , compared to , are summarised as below: (` in crore) Variation Capital-At-Charge (excluding MTPs and Circular Railway, Udhampur-Baramula project and appropriation to SRSF) 87, ,04, , Investment from Captial Fund 35, , , Total 1,23, ,43, , Gross Traffic Receipts 86, , , Total Working Expenses 82, , , Net Traffic Receipts 4, , , Miscellaneous Receipts (Net) 1, , (-) Net Revenue Receipts 5, , Dividend payable to General Revenues 5, , (-) Excess(+)/Shortfall() , , Percentage of (a) Working Expenses to Gross (b) Earnings (-) 0.69 Net Revenue to Capital-at-charge & investment from Capital Fund (-) 0.05 Capital-at-charge*(in paise) per NTKm *Includes investment from Capital Fund Revenue The Gross Traffic Receipts went up by `7, crore (8.71%) over the previous year. The break-up in terms of major sources is given in Statement IA of Financial Statements. Passenger earnings formed 27.19% of the Gross Earnings, of which 6.95% was from Suburban Services, 75.61% from Express Long distance and 17.44% from Ordinary Short distance traffic. Bulk freight like coal, ores, iron & steel, cement, foodgrains, fertilizers, POL products, limestone, dolomite, stones other than marble, salt and sugar contributed 87.8% of the total goods 8 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

12 earnings, while commodities other than the above accounted for 8.77%. Miscellaneous realisation like demurrage, wharfage, shunting and siding charges etc. made up the remaining 3.43%. Working Expenses The Total Working Expenses during were `89, crore an increase of `6, crore over Grant-wise distribution of Working Expenses is given in Statements IB and IC of Financial Statements. Total wage bill of staff (open line) in (excluding pensionary benefits) totalled `37, crore or 54.74% of Ordinary Working Expenses (excluding appropriation to DRF and Pension Fund), while fuel accounted for 24.58%, and other materials and services 20.68%. Number of open line staff decreased by 2.5%. Balance Sheet A summary of the Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2011 and variation over , is as follows: As on March 31,2011 (` in crore) Variation over previous year Block Assets 2,31, , Funds with Central Government :- (i) Reserve Funds (ii) Banking Accounts 30, , (-)1, Sundry Debtors, etc. 2, Cash in hand ,66, , Represented by :- Capital-at-charge *1,11, Investment financed from internal sources, etc. 1,20, ,31, , Reserve Funds (-)4, Banking Accounts: (i) Provident Fund 21, (ii) Misc. Deposits 8, (iii) F. Loan & Advances , , Sundry Creditors, etc. 3, ,66, , * Excludes `6, crore for MTPs, ` crore for Circular Railways and `11, crore Appropriation to SRSF and includes `7, crore of Udampur-Srinagar-Baramula Project (National Investment). Deferred Dividend Liability This is a Contingent Liability and does not appear in the Balance Sheet. INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

13 (i) From April 1, 1978 onwards In keeping with the recommendations of the Railway Convention Committee (1977), it was decided that the shortfall in the payment of current dividend in those years in which net revenue was not adequate to meet the liability for current dividend, would be treated as Deferred Dividend Liability bearing no interest. The Deferred Dividend Liability from onwards aggregated to ` crore by the end of March 1992, which was, however, liquidated in The Deferred Dividend Liability for the years and to the tune of `2, crore has also become nil after payment of Deferred Dividend Liability of ` crore during (ii) On New Lines The Railway Convention Committee allows a moratorium on payment of dividend on investments in new lines during the period of construction and for the first 5 years after it is opened to traffic; cumulative dividend is payable when the line shows surplus after meeting current dividend liability. The account of accumulated dividend liability, if any, is closed after 20 years, extinguishing such unliquidated liability. The amount of this liability stood at `8, crore as on March 31, Capital-At-Charge The Capital-At-Charge, mainly comprising Tracks & Bridges (`50, crore), Rolling Stock (`19, crore), Buildings and Structures including Land (`18, crore) and Machinery & Plant (`14, crore), invested in the Railways by the Central Government stood at `1,04, crore at the end of an accretion of `16, crore over the previous year. This is exclusive of the capital invested in Metropolitan Transport Projects (MTPs) (`6, crore) and Circular Railways (` crore) and amount transferred to SRSF (`11, crore) and capital invested on Udhampur- Srinagar-Baramula line (`7, crore). This is inclusive of `9, crore of PUs. Railway Capital Fund In pursuance of the recommendations of Railway Convention Committee (1991), as contained in their Second 10 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

14 Report, Railway Capital Fund has come into operation from Appropriation to the Fund is from Revenue Surplus and is intended to finance expenditure on assets of capital nature. Investment made from the Fund up to was `38, crore. Reserve Fund Balances As per the recommendations of Railway Convention Committee (1991), contained in their Second Report, the two funds, viz. Accident Compensation, Safety & Passenger Amenities Fund and Revenue Reserve Fund, have been restructured to accommodate expenditure on Safety and Passenger Amenity Works. Balance of the abolished Funds has, therefore, been merged with Development Fund. The position of the Funds as on March 31, 2011 compared to March 31, 2010 is as follows: Name of the Fund Balance as on Contribution to Fund during Withdrawals during (` in crore) Balance as on DRF , , DF , , (-)1, CF 2, , (-) Pension Fund , , RSF 2, , , Total 5, , , The total balance in the Reserve Funds as on March 31, 2011 was ` crore, representing a decrease of `4, crore over the previous year. Cash Flow Finance generated through IR's internal resources provided `24, crore during The details of internal resource generation and utilisation of funds for financing the Plan outlay are shown in Statement IV of Financial Statements. During , the total Plan investment was `39, crore (excluding MTPs & Circular Railways and amount transferred to SRSF). This was financed from Budgetary Support to the extent of `16, crore exclusive of capital invested on MTPs & Circular Railways amounting to ` crore and ` crore invested on Dividend free INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

15 project of Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramula. The corresponding position during was that out of a total Plan investment of `37, crore (excluding MTPs & Circular Railways and amount transferred to SRSF), the financing from Budgetary Support was `15, crore exclusive of capital invested on MTPs & Circular Railways amounting to ` crore and ` crore invested on Dividend free project of Udhampur- Srinagar-Baramula. The balance of the Plan investment was met from internal and extra-budgetary resources. During , a decrease of the fund balance was also resorted to the tune of `4, crore to finance the Plan expenditure. Audit Objections IR had a total of 1,293 Audit Notes Part I,782 Special Letters and 3,592 Audit Inspection Reports as on March 31, 2011 as compared to 1,618, 1,568 and 3,701 outstanding respectively at the end of March 31, IR has a well-structured system of ensuring discussion and disposal of all audit objections, inspection reports, draft paras, etc. Tripartite meetings are held at various levels involving the Audit, Accounts and Executive Departments. The draft paras are also discussed at the highest levels between Railway Board and the Audit Department and based on the replies given, many of them get closed. Summary of Audit Observations on the working of Ministry of Railways, as provided by C&AG for the year, is at page 104. Financial arrangement between the Railways and the Government On the recommendations of the Acworth Committee, the Railway Finances were separated from the General Finances in Since then, the financial arrangements between the Railways and the Central Government are periodically reviewed by a Parliamentary Committee known as the Railway Convention Committee. With the formation of the Fifteenth Lok Sabha, a new Railway Convention Committee (2009) was constituted in March The Committee has so far submitted their first report on Rate of Dividend for and and other ancillary matters. 12 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

16 "Indian Railway Finance Corporation Ltd. (IRFC), a Public Sector Undertaking under the administrative control of the Ministry of Railways has been raising additional resources through borrowings from domestic and international markets to finance Plan investment. Market funds raised by the Corporation are used mainly to finance procurement of rolling stock assets which are leased by IRFC to IR. Till end of , IRFC has lease financed 2,846 electric and 2,721 diesel locomotives, 1,49,030 wagons, 33,856 coaches, 81 track machines and 4 cranes, with a gross asset value of `69,805 crore. Induction of these rolling stock into the system has enabled IR to modernize its fleet, increase carrying capacity and improve productivity. The lease charges of `6,338 crore were paid to IRFC during to enable the Corporation to service the debt. IRFC has also been providing market funds to finance bankable railway projects under implementation by Rail Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL). The amount of funds made available to RVNL till end of is `1,971 crore. INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

17 Freight Operation In , IR loaded million tonnes of freight traffic of which million tonnes was revenue-earning and 4.7 million tonnes non-revenue-earning, and achieved total net tonne kilometres (NTKMs) of 626 billion as against 601 billion in The freight earnings went up from `56, crore in to `60, crore in , registering a growth of 6.63%. Commodity-wise loading of revenue earning traffic in as compared to was as follows: Tonnes carried (in million)* Coal (i) for steel plants (ii) for washeries (iii) for thermal power houses (iv) for public use Total Raw material for steel plants except iron ore Pig iron and finished steel (i) from steel plants (ii) from other points Total Iron ore (i) for export (ii) for steel plants (iii) for other domestic users Total Cement Foodgrains Fertilizers Mineral Oil (POL) Container service (i) Domestic containers (ii) EXIM containers Total Balance other goods Total * Excludes loading on Konkan Railway. 14 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

18 Revenue-earning freight traffic for major bulk commodities/commodity groups in compared with was as follows: Commodity/ Commodity group Tonnes originating (million) Net tonne kms. (million) Revenue (` in crore) Coal , ,296 22, , Iron Ores ,947 46,357 8, , Cement ,792 56,952 5, , P.O.L. (Mineral oils) ,866 26,085 3, , Foodgrains ,294 51,997 3, , Fertilisers (Chemical manures) ,568 40,714 2, , Iron & steel ,479 32,234 3, , Limestone & dolomite ,897 10,972 1, , Stones (incl. Gypsum) other than marble ,004 5, Salt ,523 6, Sugar ,638 6, Total , ,020 51, , Commodities other than above ,497 73,703 4, , Grand total , ,723 *56, *60, *Excludes other goods earnings such as wharfage, demurrage, etc. INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

19 Trend of revenue-earning freight traffic for the last 3 years is as follows: Tonnes originating (million) Net tonne kms. (million) 551, , ,723 Average lead (kms.) Goods (` in crore) 51, , other goods earnings such as wharfage, demurrage, etc. Freight Rates: There was no across-the-board increase in freight rates for the year However, Inflation Concession of `100 per wagon on booking of Food grains for domestic use and Kerosene Oil was granted from The taper of the Base Class-100 was rationalized w.e.f resulting in increase in freight rates ranging from 0.15% to 3.95% from 101 to 500 kms and beyond 500 kms it was flat 4%. However, this modification in taper did not result in increase in freight rates of Food grains and Chemical Manures. The classification of Sugar and De-oiled Cakes was revised from Class-110 to Class-120. Freight Marketing: Private Freight Terminals (PFT): To facilitate rapid development of a network of freight terminals with private investment to provide efficient and cost effective logistics services with warehousing solution to end users, a new scheme namely Private Freight Terminal has been launched on PFT can either be green field facilities developed by private parties on private land or brown field facilities, i.e. existing private sidings/container terminals on private land which can be permitted to be converted to private freight terminals under the provisions of the scheme. The scheme will facilitate traffic handling at the terminals by private investors thereby increasing IR s market share. Of the 17 proposals received for PFTs, 4 have been finalized. 16 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

20 Special Freight Train Operator Scheme (SFTO): In order to increase rail share in the commodities like fertilizers, molasses, edible oil, caustic soda, chemicals, petrochemicals, alumina, bulk cement and fly ash etc., where rail co-efficient is traditionally very low, a new scheme namely Special Freight Train Operator Scheme (SFTO) has been launched on to attract private investment in special purpose wagons required for transportation of these commodities. Coal loading at Rangiya Railway Station, Northeast Frontier Railway. Automobile Freight Train Operator Scheme (AFTO) and development of Automobile and Ancillary Hub: With a view to increase IR s market share in transportation of automobile i.e. two/three wheelers, cars and tractors etc. by inviting private participation for procurement and operation of special purpose wagons, a new scheme namely Automobile Freight Train Operater Scheme (AFTO) has been launched on and to facilitate bulk movement of automobile traffic by rail from the production hubs to consumption centers, a policy has also been introduced on for development of automobile & ancillary hub at strategic locations for storage and secondary distribution by road. Wagon Investment Scheme: Wagon Investment Scheme has been introduced to cater to the increasing demand for wagons through investment by individuals, corporate entities, producers association or groups like SAIL for procurement of general service wagons of the type BCN, BTPN, BRNA, BOST and BOBRN. Loading of Iron-ore in Guntakal-Bellary section, South Central Railway. Liberalized Wagon Investment Scheme (LWIS): LWIS allows investment in Special Purpose Wagons (SPW) and High Capacity Wagons (HCW) by end users, viz., producers, manufacturers and consumers. Under the scheme Each rake procured by investor will have an associated loading and unloading point(s) over specific route(s) or close circuit(s) as approved by IR. Wagon Leasing Companies can also procure wagons under this scheme for leasing to end users. A freight concession of 15% will be granted for 20 years on each loading of SPW operating in approved close circuits. In case of HCW, a freight concession of 12% will be granted for 20 years on each loading and an additional freight concession of 0.5% will be granted for each additional tonne of payload. INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS Cement being unloaded from BCN (HL) wagon at Jogeshwari, Western Railway. 17

21 Wagon Leasing Scheme (WLS): This scheme has been launched to introduce the concept of leasing of railway wagons on IR just as Aeroplanes, Ships, Road trucks, etc. are taken on lease. The scheme aims at induction of rakes through PPP route. HCWs, SPWs and wagons for container movement are permitted for leasing under this scheme. Rakes will be procured from wagon manufacturers or through import subject to compliance of IRS specifications and mandatory inspections by IR. The policy has been introduced on Terminal Development Scheme (TDS): Claims: The objective of the scheme, introduced on , is to promote development of new railway terminal through investment from private sector to facilitate rail movement of freight traffic in specific commodities. IR paid `9.65 crore as claim compensation in the year as compared to `13.99 crore paid in The number of claims registered by Railways was 0.26 lakh in and 0.21 lakh in and IR registered 0.13 lakh cases and paid `2.82 crore as claim compensation during the period April to September, 2011 as against 0.11 lakh cases and `5.47 crore as claim compensation during April to September, Several measures undertaken by IR to reduce claim cases include escorting of Goods trains, proper marking and labelling of packages to avoid their loss/over-carraige, deputing Claims Inspector in trains to prevent over-carriage, provision of dunnage to protect flap doors where required, to prevent bleeding of sugar, pulses, oil seeds, etc. 18 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

22 Passenger Business The profile of passenger traffic in is outlined below: Passengers originating (millions) Passenger kilometres (millions) Average lead (kilometres) Earnings (` in crore) Average rate per passenger kilometre (paise) Suburban Non-suburban ,876 4,061 3,370 3, , , , , , , Excludes earnings of `73.73 crore and `86.98 crore in and respectively pertaining to Metro Railway, Kolkata. The overall trend of passenger traffic in the last three years was as follows: Passenger earnings@ (` in crore) Passenger journeys (millions) Passenger kilometres (millions) Average lead (kilometres) Total Suburban and Non-suburban , , , ,920 7,246 7, , , , Excludes earnings of `64.84 crore, `73.73 crore and `86.98 crore in , and respectively pertaining to Metro Railway, Kolkata. Fare Structure There was no increase in Passenger Fares during Ticketless Travel During , lakh checks were conducted INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

23 against ticketless/irregular travel (including carriage of unbooked luggage). About lakh cases were detected and ` crore realised on this account. Punctuality The punctuality of Mail/Express trains (arriving at destinations on right time) during the year was 69% as per Integrated Coaching Management System (ICMS). This computer based on-line system adopted by Railway Board from January, 2009 for analyzing the Punctuality Performance, has been integrated with Control Office Application (COA) in Unit Revenue The average earning per passenger kilometre was paise in as against paise in Average revenue for different classes, was as follows: Earnings per passenger kilometre (Paise) Earnings per passenger journey (` ) Suburban (All classes) Non-Suburban: AC 1st Class$ * *1, ,338.0 AC Sleeper AC 3-Tier Ist Class AC Chair Car Sleeper Class: (i) Mail/Express (ii) Ordinary Second Class: (i) Mail/Express (ii) Ordinary Total Non-suburban $ Includes Executive Class. * Revised Passenger Service Improvements During the year, IR introduced 284 trains (single), extended the run of 82 trains (single) and increased the frequency of 36 trains (single) in non-suburban segment. This includes introduction of 16 MEMU & 30 DMU/DEMU services and extension of the run of 3 MEMU & 3 DEMU 20 INDIAN RAILWAYS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS