AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014

Transcription

1 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014

2 CONTENTS Jobs by Location National Overview 3 Regional Australia 4 New South Wales 5 Victoria 6 Queensland 7 South Australia 8 Western Australia 9 Tasmania 10 Northern Territory 11 Australian Capital Territory 11 Jobs by Industry Industry Overview 12 Industry Outlook 13 Accommodation and Food Services 13 Administrative and Support Services 14 Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 14 Arts and Recreation Services 15 Construction 15 Education and Training 16 Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 16 Financial and Insurance Services 17 Health Care and Social Assistance 17 Information Media and Telecommunications 18 Manufacturing 18 Mining 19 Services 19 Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 20 Public Administration and Safety 20 Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 21 Retail Trade 21 Transport, Postal and Warehousing 22 Wholesale Trade 22 Jobs by Occupation and Qualification Occupational Overview 23 Occupational Outlook Professionals 25 Technicians and Trades Workers 26 Community and Personal Service Workers 27 Clerical and Administrative Workers 28 Sales Workers 28 Machinery Operators and Drivers 29 Labourers 29 Education and Employment 30 Graduate Employment Outcomes 30 Graduate Salaries 31 Graduate Outcomes for Selected Fields of Study 32 Occupation Profiles (Selected Case Studies) 33 Employers Skill Needs 34 Guide to the Occupation Matrix 35 Occupation Matrix 36 Additional Information Data Sources and Useful Links 43 INTRODUCTION The Department of Employment and its predecessors have produced the annual Australian Jobs publication since 1993 to help careers intermediaries, job seekers, students and anyone who is considering employment, education and training, or thinking about career options. Over that time, the Australian labour market has experienced periods of strong labour demand as well as periods when unemployment has been relatively high. In 2013 and early 2014, the labour market has softened, and applicants for jobs now face greater competition. There are, though, still great opportunities to work. The Australian Bureau of Statistics indicates that there were around 140,000 job vacancies in November 2013 and, looking forward, many hundreds of thousands of new jobs are expected to be created over the next few years. This report provides information to help you to take advantage of the opportunities presented in the Australian labour market. It profiles industries and occupations, as well as national, state/territory and regional labour markets. More detailed information is available and the publication includes links to assist you to further explore particular aspects of the labour market and to get help with finding a job or understanding your working conditions. Page 43 includes some useful links. Careers advisers and employment services providers may also be able to help, see or Data analysed for this publication continue to show that people who complete tertiary study are less likely to be unemployed, and are likely to have higher pay, than those who do not study after they leave school. That said, post-school education may not be suitable for everyone. Many Australians work in occupations for which post-school education or training is not required. If post-school study is of interest to you, a university education or vocational education and training can put you on the path to a great career. Train in an area in which you are interested, as good candidates are valued regardless of labour market conditions, and you are more likely to succeed if you have an interest in the subject. Don t overlook an apprenticeship or traineeship. You earn as you learn and employment outcomes from this form of training are very strong (see page 31). Information in Australian Jobs is as up-to-date as possible, but the labour market can change quickly and conditions vary by location and sector. Base your employment and training decisions on a balanced assessment of all relevant issues, including aptitude, interests, expectations about pay and working conditions, training requirements and goals. Some examples of the type of information you may want to consider are provided in the occupation case studies on page 33. Inquiries about Australian Jobs should be directed to AustralianJobs@employment.gov.au The contents of Australian Jobs 2014 are based on information available at the time of publication. Over time, the reliability of the data and analysis may diminish. The Commonwealth, its officers, employees and agents do not accept responsibility for any inaccuracies contained in the report or for any negligence in the compilation of the report and disclaim liability for any loss suffered by any person arising from the use of this report. Labour market information must be used cautiously as employment prospects can change over time and vary by region. It is important in making and assessing career choices to consider all factors, including interest and aptitudes, remuneration and expectations, and the requirements of occupations. 2 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014

3 JOBS BY LOCATION AUSTRALIA Employment Australia Employment 11,645,500 1 year change to 0.6% 5 year change to 6.5% 5 year change projected to Nov % Working part-time 30% Female 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 16% Aged 45 years or older 39% Outside state capital cities 37% More than 11.6 million Australians are employed. The workforce is highly concentrated on the Eastern seaboard, with more than three quarters employed in the three most populous states (New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland). See the map on page 4. Over the five years to November 2013, there were 712,900 new jobs nationally. The largest number of new jobs was in Victoria (217,300, a rise of 8.1%), but employment growth was strongest in the Northern Territory (up by 12.4% or 14,200). The changing labour market The nature of the Australian labour market has changed considerably over the last 20 years. The increased participation of women in the workforce, a much greater focus on skilled jobs, an associated increase in young people participating in education and the ageing of the population are just some of the developments that have contributed to a workforce which is very different today from the one that existed a few decades ago. Technological change, greater labour market flexibility and economic reforms have also helped to transform working arrangements and were associated with the significant, protracted improvement in economic and labour market conditions that occurred between the end of the 1990s recession and the onset of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in September Labour market conditions in Australia deteriorated at the onset of the GFC although Australia fared much better than most other advanced economies and remained reasonably resilient. Conditions in Australia have nonetheless softened over the last few years and are expected to remain reasonably subdued over the coming year. Recent labour market developments Despite a significant increase in employment recorded in the month of February 2014, underlying labour market conditions in Australia remain soft. For instance, the level of employment increased only modestly, by 0.6% over the year to February 2014 (see chart below), well below its 20-year annual average growth rate of 2.0%, while the level of unemployment has also risen, by 13.2% over the period to stand at 742,200, and is now at its highest level since August Moreover, the unemployment rate increased from 5.4% in February 2013 to 6.0% in February 2014 although it remains below that of the Euro Area (12.0%), the United Kingdom (7.1%), and the United States (6.7%). While Australia s participation rate, at 64.8% in February 2014, is below the peak of 65.8% recorded in November 2010, it remains above the average recorded over the last 20 years (of 64.1%). Unemployment Rate and Annual Employment Growth, Australia Unemployment Rate (%) Feb-94 Feb-95 Feb-96 Feb-97 Feb-98 Feb-99 Feb-00 Feb-01 Feb-02 Feb-03 Feb-04 Feb-05 Feb-06 Feb-07 Feb-08 Feb-09 Feb-10 Feb-11 Feb-12 Feb-13 Feb-14 Unemployment Rate (%) (LHS) Annual Employment Growth (%) (RHS) 20-year annual average employment growth rate (%) (RHS) Annual Employment Growth (%) Employment by Location Employment % of total workforce 5 year change to Working part-time Female Aged 45 years or older Outside state capital cities With a bachelor degree or higher qual With a cert III or higher VET qual States and Territories % % % % % % % % New South Wales 3, Victoria 2, Queensland 2, South Australia Western Australia 1, Tasmania Northern Territory n/a Australian Capital Territory n/a Australia 11, Without a postschool qual Sources: ABS Labour Force; ABS Survey of Education and Work. 3 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see

4 JOBS BY LOCATION REGIONAL AUSTRALIA Employment Regional Australia Australia Employment 4,294,200 11,645,500 1 year change to 1.2% 0.6% 5 year change to 6.9% 6.5% Working part-time 31% 30% Female 46% 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 16% 16% Aged 45 years or older 42% 39% More than one third of Australia s workforce is employed outside the state capital cities, and there are sound opportunities for employment in these areas (referred to throughout this publication as regional areas). Employers in regional locations also have more difficulty recruiting skilled workers than those in capital cities. They generally fill a lower proportion of their vacancies and attract smaller numbers of applicants. This may, in part, reflect the fact that regional workers are less likely to have post-school qualifications, and suggests that there are real advantages for workers in regional Australia to do tertiary study to meet the skill needs of local employers. The workforce in regional areas also tends to be older, so there will be strong demand for workers to replace those who retire. Some information on the industry profile of regional Australia is on page 12. Differences in labour market performance by location Over the past few years, as the Australian labour market has softened, some states and regions across the country have performed strongly, while others have continued to struggle. Employment Share by State and Territory (% of total) For instance, the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory recorded unemployment rates of 3.4% and 3.7% respectively in February 2014, well below the national rate of 6.0%. This compares with an unemployment rate of 7.3% for Tasmania and 6.7% in South Australia, which continue to be affected by the ongoing impact of the high Australian dollar and weaker labour demand. Labour market disparity continues to be evident across locations. South Adelaide provides a good illustration of soft labour market conditions, with employment contracting by 9.6% over the year to February 2014, its unemployment rate rising by 3.4 percentage points to 7.7% in February 2014 (above the national rate) and the participation rate declining by 4.8 percentage points to 62.7%. By contrast, labour market conditions in North Brisbane have strengthened over the last year, with employment increasing by 7.9%, its unemployment rate decreasing by 0.2 percentage points to 4.5% in February 2014 and its participation rate rising by 4.0 percentage points to 69.7%, above the national rate. Employment by Location Employment 5 year change to Working part-time Female Aged 45 years or older With a bachelor degree or higher qual With a cert III or higher VET qual Without a postschool qual Cities and Regions % % % % % % % Sydney 2, Regional NSW 1, Melbourne 2, Regional VIC Brisbane 1, Regional QLD 1, Adelaide Regional SA Perth Regional WA Hobart Regional TAS Northern Territory Australian Capital Territory Australia 11, Sources: ABS Labour Force; ABS Survey of Education and Work; Department of Employment, Skill Shortage Research. 4 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see

5 JOBS BY LOCATION NEW SOUTH WALES Employment NSW Australia Employment 3,647,300 11,645,500 1 year change to 0.3% 0.6% 5 year change to 6.0% 6.5% Working part-time 30% 30% Female 46% 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 16% 16% Aged 45 years or older 39% 39% New South Wales has the largest population of any state. Almost one in three Australians lives and works in New South Wales. Over the five years to November 2013, employment rose by 206,500 or 6.0%, slightly below the national growth rate of 6.5%. Around two thirds of the state s employment is concentrated in Sydney. Outside of Sydney, the largest number of workers live in Newcastle (272,300). large employing regional areas are Richmond-Tweed and Mid-North Coast and Northern, North Western and Central West. The relatively remote Far West region has 12,000 workers (or 0.3% of state total). The employment profile of New South Wales is very similar to that for Australia as a whole. It is notable, though, that workers in this state are more likely to have studied after leaving school than the national average (66% compared with 64%). Around 31% have a bachelor degree or higher qualification, slightly above the 29% nationally. Employment Share by Region, New South Wales (% of state total) The largest employing industries in New South Wales are Health Care and Social Assistance (450,700 workers), Retail Trade (396,300) and Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (301,700). Collectively, they account for almost one third of state employment. Employment increased in 14 of the 19 industries over the five years to November The fastest growing were Mining (up by 55%) and Health Care and Social Assistance (27%). The largest numbers of new jobs were created in Health Care and Social Assistance (up by 95,400), Education and Training (42,500) and Accommodation and Food Services (31,600). The largest job losses were in Manufacturing (down by 36,300), Information Media and Telecommunications (16,900) and Construction (13,100). Construction, though, recorded strong employment growth in the year to November Employment by Industry, New South Wales Employment % of total 5 year change to Industries 000 % 000 % Accommodation and Food Services Administrative and Support Services Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Arts and Recreation Services Construction Education and Training Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services Financial and Insurance Services Health Care and Social Assistance Information Media and Telecommunications Manufacturing Mining Services Professional, Scientific and Technical Services Public Administration and Safety Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services Retail Trade Transport, Postal and Warehousing Wholesale Trade Population and Employment by Region, New South Wales Population Employment Population Aug year change to Working part-time Aged 45 years or older With a bachelor degree or higher qual With a cert III or higher VET qual Without a postschool qual Regions % % % % % % Sydney 4, , Newcastle Hunter Richmond-Tweed and Mid-North Coast Wollongong Illawarra South Eastern Murray-Murrumbidgee Northern, North Western and Central West Far West New South Wales 7, , Sources: ABS Labour Force; ABS Survey of Education and Work; ABS Regional Population Growth. 5 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see

6 JOBS BY LOCATION VICTORIA Employment VIC Australia Employment 2,911,900 11,645,500 1 year change to 0.9% 0.6% 5 year change to 8.1% 6.5% Working part-time 31% 30% Female 46% 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 16% 16% Aged 45 years or older 38% 39% Victoria is the second most populous state and is home to more than 5.6 million people. It employs almost three million workers (second highest only to New South Wales). Employment grew strongly in Victoria over the five years to November 2013, up by 217,300 or 8.1% (well above the national average of 6.5%). The vast majority of job opportunies are located in Melbourne, but there are more than 740,000 workers living in regional Victoria. The largest employing non-metropolitan region is Barwon-Western District, with employment relatively evenly spread across the other regional areas. The age, part-time employment and gender profile of Victoria s workforce is similar to the national average. Workers in Victoria, though, are slightly more likely to have post-school qualifications (66% compared with 64%) and to hold a bachelor degree or higher qualification than the national average (32% compared with 29%). Employment Share by Region, Victoria (% of state total) Health Care and Social Assistance is the largest employing industry in Victoria (359,000 workers). Three other industries each employ more than a quarter of a million workers. They are Retail Trade, Manufacturing and Professional, Scientific and Technical Services. Together, these four industries account for more than 40% of total employment in Victoria. Over the five years to November 2013, employment increased in 13 of the 19 industries. The largest numbers of new jobs were created in Health Care and Social Assistance, Professional, Scientific and Technical Services and Education and Training. These industries combined accounted for more than two thirds of total jobs growth in the state. The Manufacturing industry recorded the largest decline in employment over the five years, down by 39,000 or 12.3%. Nonetheless, it remains Victoria s third largest employing industry and some sectors within Manufacturing increased their employment. The largest rises were in Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing (up by 6,500) and Basic Chemical and Chemical Product Manufacturing (1,400). More workers are employed in Manufacturing in Victoria than in any other state. Employment by Industry, Victoria Employment % of total 5 year change to Industries 000 % 000 % Accommodation and Food Services Administrative and Support Services Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Arts and Recreation Services Construction Education and Training Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services Financial and Insurance Services Health Care and Social Assistance Information Media and Telecommunications Manufacturing Mining Services Professional, Scientific and Technical Services Public Administration and Safety Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services Retail Trade Transport, Postal and Warehousing Wholesale Trade Population and Employment by Region, Victoria Population Employment Population Aug year change to Working part-time Aged 45 years or older With a bachelor degree or higher qual With a cert III or higher VET qual Without a postschool qual Regions % % % % % % Melbourne 4, , Barwon-Western District Central Highlands-Wimmera Loddon-Mallee Goulburn-Ovens-Murray All Gippsland Victoria 5, , Sources: ABS Labour Force; ABS Survey of Education and Work; ABS Regional Population Growth. 6 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see

7 JOBS BY LOCATION QUEENSLAND Employment QLD Australia Employment 2,382,400 11,645,500 1 year change to 1.7% 0.6% 5 year change to 5.6% 6.5% Working part-time 29% 30% Female 46% 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 17% 16% Aged 45 years or older 39% 39% Queensland is Australia s third largest employing state, with almost 2.4 million workers (or about 20% of the nation s workforce). There were 125,900 new jobs created over the five years to November 2013, with employment growth (5.6%) slightly below the national average (6.5%). The Queensland workforce is regionally dispersed, with more than 40% of the state s workers employed outside the Brisbane - Gold Coast area. Large employing regions include Mackay-Fitzroy- Central West (227,000 workers) and the Sunshine Coast (162,900). Workers in this state are less likely to have undertaken study after schooling (61% have post-school qualifications) than the national average (64%). Workers outside of Brisbane are considerably more likely to hold a certificate III or higher vocational education and training qualification (36%) than a bachelor degree or higher (17%). Employment Share by Region, Queensland (% of state total) The largest employing industries in Queensland are Health Care and Social Assistance, Retail Trade, Construction and Manufacturing, which collectively account for more than 40% of total employment. Over the five years to November 2013, employment increased in 10 of the 19 industries. The largest gains were in Health Care and Social Assistance, Mining and Public Administration and Safety. Together, these industries accounted for more than 120,000 new jobs. Employment in Mining rose by more than 70% adding 34,400 jobs over the five years. Despite this, it continues to be a relatively small employer in the state (with 3.4% of total). Health Care and Social Assistance also recorded strong employment growth (up by 33% or 71,600). Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing experienced the largest fall in employment (down by 23,900 or 29.0%). Employment by Industry, Queensland Employment % of total 5 year change to Industries 000 % 000 % Accommodation and Food Services Administrative and Support Services Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Arts and Recreation Services Construction Education and Training Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services Financial and Insurance Services Health Care and Social Assistance Information Media and Telecommunications Manufacturing Mining Services Professional, Scientific and Technical Services Public Administration and Safety Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services Retail Trade Transport, Postal and Warehousing Wholesale Trade Population and Employment by Region, Queensland Population Employment Population Aug year change to Working part-time Aged 45 years or older With a bachelor degree or higher qual With a cert III or higher VET qual Without a postschool qual Regions % % % % % % Brisbane 2, , Gold Coast Sunshine Coast West Moreton Wide Bay-Burnett Darling Downs-South West Mackay-Fitzroy-Central West Northern-North West Far North Queensland 4, , Sources: ABS Labour Force; ABS Survey of Education and Work; ABS Regional Population Growth. 7 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see

8 JOBS BY LOCATION SOUTH AUSTRALIA Employment SA Australia Employment 804,100 11,645,500 1 year change to -1.6% 0.6% 5 year change to 1.1% 6.5% Working part-time 34% 30% Female 46% 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 16% 16% Aged 45 years or older 42% 39% South Australia has a relatively small workforce, with 7% of national employment or 804,100 workers. Employment rose by 8,500 or 1.1% over the five years to November 2013, a significantly lower growth rate than the national average. Employment is concentrated in Adelaide, which employs 603,600 workers, or three quarters of the state s workforce. Outside Adelaide, there are two regions. Northern and Western SA is larger in area than Southern and Eastern SA, but has fewer workers. South Australia has the second highest proportion of its workers aged 45 years or older (only Tasmania has more). In regional areas of South Australia, 46% are in this age group. Workers in this state are more likely to be employed part-time than workers nationally. A slightly higher proportion of South Australian workers do not have post-school qualifications (38%) compared with the national average (36%). This is especially evident in regional locations (43%). Although a relatively high proportion of state workers have a certificate III or higher vocational education and training qualification (34% compared with 31% nationally), fewer have a bachelor degree or higher (24% compared with 29%). Employment Share by Region, South Australia (% of state total) The largest employing industries in South Australia are Health Care and Social Assistance, Retail Trade, Manufacturing and Construction. Collectively, they account for more than two in every five jobs. A slightly higher proportion of state workers are employed in Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (around 4.5%) and Manufacturing (10.1%) than the average for Australia (2.7% and 8.0% respectively). Relatively few, though, work in Professional, Scientific and Technical Services and Financial and Insurance Services (6.1% and 2.7%) compared with the average for Australia (7.7% and 3.6% respectively). Employment increased in 10 of the 19 industries over the five years to November The largest gains were in Public Administration and Safety, Health Care and Social Assistance and Construction. Together, 28,600 new jobs were created in these industries, but this was offset by falls in employment in some others. Over the same period, the largest employment loss was in Manufacturing (down by 13,200), although some sectors of Manufacturing in South Australia experienced strong employment growth. For example, Primary Metal and Metal Product Manufacturing gained 3,000 jobs. Employment by Industry, South Australia Employment % of total 5 year change to Industries 000 % 000 % Accommodation and Food Services Administrative and Support Services Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Arts and Recreation Services Construction Education and Training Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services Financial and Insurance Services Health Care and Social Assistance Information Media and Telecommunications Manufacturing Mining Services Professional, Scientific and Technical Services Public Administration and Safety Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services Retail Trade Transport, Postal and Warehousing Wholesale Trade Population and Employment by Region, South Australia Population Employment Population Aug year change to Working part-time Aged 45 years or older With a bachelor degree or higher qual With a cert III or higher VET qual Without a postschool qual Regions % % % % % % Adelaide 1, Southern and Eastern SA Northern and Western SA South Australia 1, Sources: ABS Labour Force; ABS Survey of Education and Work; ABS Regional Population Growth. 8 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see

9 JOBS BY LOCATION WESTERN AUSTRALIA Employment WA Australia Employment 1,334,600 11,645,500 1 year change to 1.0% 0.6% 5 year change to 11.7% 6.5% Working part-time 28% 30% Female 44% 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 17% 16% Aged 45 years or older 38% 39% Western Australia has been the fastest growing state in Australia in terms of employment (although the Northern Territory had stronger growth), with a rise of 11.7% or 140,200 over the five years to November 2013, almost double the national average growth rate of 6.5%. Employment growth moderated, though, in 2013, with softer conditions in the resources sector. There are more than 1.3 million workers employed in Western Australia, making it Australia s fourth largest employing state. Western Australia has the highest concentration of employment in its state capital of any state (around three quarters of workers live in Perth, but due to fly in/fly out arrangements many may work in regional locations). Outside of Perth, employment is fairly evenly spread between the two regions, despite their markedly different geographic size. Workers in Western Australia are slightly less likely to hold a bachelor degree or higher qualification but are more likely to hold a certificate III or higher vocational education and training qualification than the national average. Workers in the Remainder-Balance WA region (which includes some of the most remote workplaces in Australia) are much more likely to be employed full-time (79%) compared with the national average (70%). Employment Share by Region, Western Australia (% of state total) The largest employing industries are Construction, Health Care and Social Assistance, Retail Trade and Mining. Each of these employs more than 100,000 workers (or combined, almost 40% of total employment in the state). Mining is now the fourth largest employing industry in Western Australia (five years ago it was the eighth largest) and the state accounts for almost 40% of national Mining employment. Employment grew in 13 of the 19 industries over the five years to November The Mining industry contributed the most new jobs (36,600) and also had the strongest growth (52.8%). It is worth noting, though, that over the year to November 2013, employment in Mining in Western Australia fell by 5,900 or 5.3%. large contributors to employment growth in this state over the past five years include Construction, Health Care and Social Assistance and Professional, Scientific and Technical Services. Combined, these industries contributed more than 60,000 new jobs. There were significant job losses in Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing over the five years (down by 21,300 or 43.6%). Employment by Industry, Western Australia Employment % of total 5 year change to Industries 000 % 000 % Accommodation and Food Services Administrative and Support Services Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Arts and Recreation Services Construction Education and Training Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services Financial and Insurance Services Health Care and Social Assistance Information Media and Telecommunications Manufacturing Mining Services Professional, Scientific and Technical Services Public Administration and Safety Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services Retail Trade Transport, Postal and Warehousing Wholesale Trade Population and Employment by Region, Western Australia Population Employment Population Aug year change to Working part-time Aged 45 years or older With a bachelor degree or higher qual With a cert III or higher VET qual Without a postschool qual Region % % % % % % Perth 1, Lower Western WA Remainder-Balance WA Western Australia 2, , Sources: ABS Labour Force; ABS Survey of Education and Work; ABS Regional Population Growth. 9 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see

10 JOBS BY LOCATION TASMANIA Employment TAS Australia Employment 228,500 11,645,500 1 year change to -1.9% 0.6% 5 year change to -5.0% 6.5% Working part-time 37% 30% Female 47% 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 15% 16% Aged 45 years or older 45% 39% Tasmania is Australia s smallest employing state (although both the territories have smaller labour markets), with around 2% of national employment. Employment fell by 12,000 (or 5.0%) over the five years to November Tasmania has the most regionally dispersed workforce of any state or territory. More than half of the state s employment is located outside Hobart. Two of the three non-metropolitan regional areas, Northern and Mersey-Lyell, have significant shares of the state s workforce, but Southern has relatively few workers. Tasmania s workforce has an older age profile than other states and territories (45% of workers are aged 45 years or older) and a higher proportion of its workers are employed part-time (37%). Workers in Tasmania are less likely than those in most other states to have studied after leaving school (39% do not hold post-school qualifications compared with 36% nationally). Vocational education and training (VET) qualifications, though, are very important, with 35% of workers holding a certificate III or higher VET qualification, the highest share of any state or territory. Workers are considerably less likely, however, to hold a bachelor degree or higher (21% compared with the national average of 29%). Employment Share by Region, Tasmania (% of state total) The four largest employing industries in Tasmania are Health Care and Social Assistance, Retail Trade, Education and Training and Construction. Together, they account for around 43% of employment. Over the five years to November 2013, employment increased in seven of the 19 industries. Services, Health Care and Social Assistance and Mining together added 7,800 new jobs, however, this was offset by job losses in some other industries. Employment in Mining almost doubled, but it is still a small employer of Tasmanians, with less than 2.0% of workers. Services and Information Media and Telecommunications also recorded strong growth (up by 38% and 31% respectively). Over the same period, the largest falls in employment occurred in Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing, Wholesale Trade and Public Administration and Safety. Despite job losses in the industry, Tasmania still has a higher share of national Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing employment (3.9%) than it does of total national employment. By comparison, it has relatively low shares of Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (1.0%) and Financial and Insurance Services (1.2%) employment. Employment by Industry, Tasmania Employment % of total 5 year change to Industries 000 % 000 % Accommodation and Food Services Administrative and Support Services Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Arts and Recreation Services Construction Education and Training Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services Financial and Insurance Services Health Care and Social Assistance Information Media and Telecommunications Manufacturing Mining Services Professional, Scientific and Technical Services Public Administration and Safety Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services Retail Trade Transport, Postal and Warehousing Wholesale Trade Population and Employment by Region, Tasmania Population Employment Population Aug year change to Working part-time Aged 45 years or older With a bachelor degree or higher qual With a cert III or higher VET qual Without a postschool qual Region % % % % % % Hobart Southern Northern Mersey-Lyell Tasmania Sources: ABS Labour Force; ABS Survey of Education and Work; ABS Regional Population Growth. 10 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see

11 JOBS BY LOCATION NORTHERN TERRITORY AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY Employment NT Australia Employment 129,100 11,645,500 1 year change to 2.1% 0.6% 5 year change to 12.4% 6.5% Working part-time 18% 30% Female 46% 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 16% 16% Aged 45 years or older 37% 39% With a bachelor degree or higher qual 26% 29% With a cert III or higher VET qual 30% 31% Without a post-school qual 38% 36% The Northern Territory (NT) has Australia s smallest labour market, with 129,100 workers or about 1% of the national total. Over the five years to November 2013, employment grew strongly (up by 14,200 or 12.4%). The largest employing industry is Public Administration and Safety (22,300 workers). large employing industries are Construction, Health Care and Social Assistance, Education and Training and Retail Trade, which combined employ more than 50,000 workers. Construction (up by 5,400) contributed the most new jobs over the five years to November The NT has a slightly higher share of the nation s Public Administration and Safety and Mining jobs than it has of total national employment. The workforce is slightly younger than the national average and workers are more likely to be employed full-time. Workers in the NT are slightly less likely to have studied after leaving school (62% have furthered their study compared with the Australian average of 64%). About 30% hold a certificate III or higher vocational education and training qualification and around one in every four holds a bachelor degree or higher. Employment by Industry, Northern Territory Employment % of total 5 year change to Industries 000 % 000 % Accommodation and Food Services Administrative and Support Services Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Arts and Recreation Services Construction Education and Training Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services Financial and Insurance Services Health Care and Social Assistance Information Media and Telecommunications Manufacturing Mining Services Professional, Scientific and Technical Services Public Administration and Safety Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services Retail Trade Transport, Postal and Warehousing Wholesale Trade Employment ACT Australia Employment 208,900 11,645,500 1 year change to 0.0% 0.6% 5 year change to 4.8% 6.5% Working part-time 27% 30% Female 48% 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 16% 16% Aged 45 years or older 35% 39% With a bachelor degree or higher qual 43% 29% With a cert III or higher VET qual 24% 31% Without a post-school qual 30% 36% There are 208,900 workers in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), accounting for almost 2% of national employment. Over the five years to November 2013, employment rose by 4.8% or 9,700, below the national growth rate of 6.5%. The largest number of new jobs was in Public Administration and Safety (up by 15,800 or 28.0%). Employment is dominated by the Public Administration and Safety industry, which employs more than one in three ACT workers (or 72,100). The workforce is highly skilled. Just 30% of its workers do not hold post-school qualifications. Workers in the ACT are much more likely to hold a bachelor degree or higher qualification than those in other locations. Fewer ACT workers hold a certificate III or higher vocational education and training qualification (24% compared with 31% nationally), reflecting the ACT s low share of employment in industries in which trades employment is significant, such as Manufacturing (1.9% compared with 8.0% nationally) and Construction (6.5% compared with 8.9%). Employment by Industry, Australian Capital Territory Employment % of total 5 year change to Industries 000 % 000 % Accommodation and Food Services Administrative and Support Services Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Arts and Recreation Services Construction Education and Training Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services Financial and Insurance Services Health Care and Social Assistance Information Media and Telecommunications Manufacturing Mining Services Professional, Scientific and Technical Services Public Administration and Safety Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services Retail Trade Transport, Postal and Warehousing Wholesale Trade Sources: ABS Labour Force; ABS Survey of Education and Work. 11 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see

12 JOBS BY INDUSTRY INDUSTRY OVERVIEW There are 19 broad industries. The five largest industries together employ almost half of all workers. These are Health Care and Social Assistance (12% of workforce) Retail Trade (11%) Construction (9%) Manufacturing (8%) Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (8%). The industry distribution of the labour market is changing (this is called structural change). Slightly more than a decade ago, Manufacturing was Australia s largest employing industry, now it is fourth. As some industries lose jobs, others grow. Over the five years to November 2013, around 712,900 new jobs were created, with more than 100,000 in each of Health Care and Social Assistance (up by 270,200) Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (106,200) Public Administration and Safety (102,800). Employment fell in five industries over the five years to November 2013 (although some subsectors in those industries rose). These were Manufacturing (down by 99,000) Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (47,200) Information Media and Telecommunications (33,200) Transport, Postal and Warehousing (9,600) Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services (3,400). It is also interesting to note that there are inter-relationships between industries. Jobs in sectors like Transport, Postal and Warehousing and Professional, Scientific and Technical Services may be created through activity in other industries, such as Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing, Mining and Manufacturing. For example, if agricultural production rises, there is more demand for transport services to get the products to market. Industry employment profiles vary greatly in terms of age, location, gender and educational attainment. For example In Construction, 88% of workers are male but in Health Care and Social Assistance, almost four in five are female. The workforce in Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing is relatively old (56% of workers are aged 45 years or older) but in Accommodation and Food Services workers are relatively young (just 22% are 45 years or older and 43% are aged 15 to 24 years). Regional Dispersion Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing has the highest proportion of its employment in regional areas (87%), followed by Mining (59%). The five industries with the largest numbers of jobs in regional Australia, though, are Health Care and Social Assistance (around 529,000) Retail Trade (475,000) Construction (415,000) Public Administration and Safety (340,600) Education and Training (320,000). Employment by Industry Employment Projected employ t 5 year change to Nov 2018 % of total workforce 5 year change to Working part-time Female Aged 45 years or older Outside state capital cities Industry 000 % 000 % % % % % 000 % Accommodation and Food Services Administrative and Support Services Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Arts and Recreation Services Construction 1, Education and Training Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services Financial and Insurance Services Health Care and Social Assistance 1, Information Media and Telecommunications Manufacturing Mining Services Professional, Scientific and Technical Services Public Administration and Safety Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services Retail Trade 1, Transport, Postal and Warehousing Wholesale Trade All Industries 11, These projections are based on ABS employment data for November 2013 and the Government s forecasts and projections in the December 2013 Mid-Year Economic and Fiscal Outlook (MYEFO). As such, they may not fully take account of the Government s policies to boost employment growth, including reducing red tape costs, lowering the company tax rate and abolishing the carbon and mining taxes. Accordingly, these projections may understate employment growth over the five years to November Sources: ABS Labour Force; Department of Employment, Employment Projections. 12 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see

13 JOBS BY INDUSTRY INDUSTRY OUTLOOK ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES Which industries will have the most new jobs over the next five years? Sixteen of the 19 industries are projected to increase their employment over the five years to November Health Care and Social Assistance is expected to provide the largest number of new jobs (up by 229,400), followed by Education and Training and Retail Trade (which, combined, are also likely to rise by a similar number). Together, these industries are projected to provide half of all new positions. The industries projected to grow most strongly in percentage terms are Health Care and Social Assistance (up by 16.3%), Education and Training (13.3%), Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (9.9%) and Administrative and Support Services (9.6%). The largest decline in employment is expected to be in Manufacturing (down by 40,300). Employment levels are also expected to decline in Mining (12,300) and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (2,800). Projected Employment Growth, Industry Share (% of total growth) Administrative and Support Services 4.2% Public Administration and Safety 5.4% Accommodation and Food Services 6.2% Construction 9.3% 15.0% Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 9.9% Retail Trade 11.0% Health Care and Social Assistance 25.7% Education and Training 13.3% Source: Department of Employment, Industry Employment Projections The chart below provides more disaggregated information about where the new jobs will be. It highlights the growth in Health Care and Social Assistance and Education and Training, but also the diversity of new opportunities. Employment This industry All industries Employment 780,100 11,645,500 1 year change to -1.6% 0.6% 5 year change to 8.7% 6.5% 5 year projected change to Nov % 7.2% Working part-time 58% 30% Female 56% 46% Aged 15 to 24 years 43% 16% Aged 45 years or older 22% 39% Outside state capital cities 39% 37% With a bachelor degree or higher qual 11% 29% With a cert III or higher VET qual 25% 31% Without a post-school qual 58% 36% Top 5 Occupations Waiters 105, ,500 Kitchenhands 88, ,700 Bar Attendants and Baristas 83,300 89,900 Sales Assistants, General 74, ,200 Chefs 65,400 85,000 Accommodation and Food Services represents 6.7% of Australia s workforce. The industry experienced strong growth (up by 8.7%) over the five years to November 2013, with 62,500 new jobs. Over the next five years, employment is projected to grow at about the same rate as the all industries average (up by 7.1% or 55,200). Accommodation and Food Services has the youngest age profile of any industry, with the lowest proportion of workers aged 45 years or older and the highest proportion of workers aged 15 to 24 years. Workers in this industry are also more likely to be employed part-time than those in other industries, with many people combining work with study. This industry provides good entry-level opportunities to the labour market. Almost three in every five workers do not hold post-school qualifications. Jobs are also available in almost every location, with around 300,000 jobs outside state capital cities. Occupation Profile Accommodation and Food Services (% of industry total) Projected Employment Growth for Top 10 Industry Subsectors ( 000) 6.4% 18.1% School Education 58.9 Medical Services 49.0 Labourers 22.1% Cafés, Restaurants and Takeaway Food Services Allied Health Services Supermarket and Grocery Stores Technicians and Trades Workers 12.5% Tertiary Education Computer System Design and Related Services Sales Workers 12.2% Social Assistance Services 30.4 Legal and Accounting Services 30.3 Hospitals Source: Department of Employment, Industry Employment Projections Community and Personal Service Workers 28.7% Sources: ABS Labour Force; Department of Employment, Employment Projections. 13 AUSTRALIAN JOBS 2014 For more information see