CS101 Lecture 13: Image Compression. What You ll Learn Today
|
|
- Marvin Shelton
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CS101 Lecture 13: Image Compression Vector Graphics Compression Techniques Aaron Stevens 22 February 2013 What You ll Learn Today Review: how big are image files? How can we make image files smaller? What are the main image file formats, and how are they different from each other? What are the main techniques for compressing images? 1
2 Image File Size: HUGE! Raster/Bitmap Graphics Storage of data on a pixel-by-pixel basis Bitmap (BMP), GIF, JPEG, and PNG, for example How much data is required to represent a picture? Typical size might be 1024 by 768 pixels (~ 800,000) At 3 bytes per pixel, about 2,400,000 bytes for one picture. A 10Mpixel picture would be 30,000,000 bytes per picture. Consider download times Example: A 10Mpixel picture would be 30,000,000 bytes This is 240,000,000 bits. Typical home cable modem downloads at 5 Mbits per second (5,000,000 bits per second). How long to download this picture? 240,000,000 / 5,000,000 = 48 seconds Average download speed on 3G networks is closer to 1MB/second. 2
3 Describe this picture Vector Graphics describes an image by coordinates, lines, geometric shapes and colors. This image was a homework assignment by a CS108 student, Spring Vector Graphics Example Instructions written in Python by CS108 student (Spring 2010). File size: bytes. 3
4 Vector Graphics Advantages: Small file sizes (instructions take much less space than sampling pixels) Easy to resize mathematically without loss of detail Disadvantages: Image shapes are not lifelike Color contrast and texturing are rigid, not lifelike Requires software to interpret the drawing instructions Raster vs. Vector Graphics When would you use each? Drawings, Diagrams, Games, etc. Photography, video, etc. 4
5 Storing an image in fewer bytes What are our choices? What are reasonable tradeoffs? Raster Graphics vs. Vector Graphics? Decrease sampling rate (fewer pixels) Decrease quantization (fewer colors) Compression algorithms What is the output resolution? iphone 3 has a resolution of 640 X 960 pixels. Evo has 480 X 800 pixels. Facebook pictures (in web browser) are 560 X 750 pixels. 5
6 Lower Image Resolution? Original bitmap image dimensions: 1524 * 2034 = 3,099,816 pixels 3,099,816 pixels * 3 bytes = 9,299,448 bytes How about 300 * 400 pixels? 300 * 400 pixels = 120,000 pixels 120,000 pixels * 3 bytes = 360,000 bytes A compression ratio of What s the catch? Fewer Colors: GIF Images Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) Each image is made up of any 256 (or 16) RGB colors, but only those colors. 256 colors: 8 bits per pixel 16 colors: 4 bits per pixel 6
7 Fewer Colors: GIF Images 16 Color GIF 120,000 bytes 256 Color GIF 200,000 bytes Original BMP 360,000 bytes How do you fit more cars on this lot? Compress them! Data compression Reduction in the amount of space needed to store a piece of data. 7
8 Data Compression (saving space) Data compression Reduction in the amount of space needed to store a piece of data. Data compression techniques can be: lossless, which means the data can be retrieved without any loss of the original information lossy, which means some information may be lost in the process of compaction JPEG Images The Joint Photographic Experts Group created the standard codec in Default format on most digital cameras Compression reduces file size up to 90% with little loss in visible quality Great for life-like images the web Is JPEG compression lossy or lossless? 8
9 Recall: RGB Colorspace = RGB has a lot of redundant information. JPEG uses the YCbCr Colorspace Y (luminance) Cb (chroma blue) Cr (chroma red) 9
10 YCbCr Colorspace YCbCr separates luminance (brightness) from chroma (color differences). Our eyes are more sensitive to changes in luma than to changes in chroma. JPEG thus stores a high resolution Y, and lower-resolution CbCr. Smoothing colors among adjacent pixels. JPEG Color Smoothing This image is progressively more less smoothed from left to right (lowest to highest quality). 10
11 JPEG Compression Convert color space from RGB to YCbCr Smooth adjacent colors in Cb/Cr Apply Huffman compression after smoothing Which part of this is lossy compression? PNG Image Format Portable Network Graphics (PNG) 24-bit bitmapped color. Uses lossless compression. 2-stage compression process: 1. Filter image by adjacent pixels, record the differences 2. Use the DEFLATE algorithm (Huffman encoding scheme) 11
12 Same Picture, Many Formats Original image was 2048 * 1536 pixels All others are 300 * 400 pixels 12
13 What You Learned Today Vector graphics vs. raster graphics Factors in image file size Resolution, color depth Compression strategies Reduce colors Reduce resolution Lossless compression algorithms Lossy compression algorithms GIF, JPEG, and PNG Announcements and To Do HW06 due Wednesday 2/27 Readings: Wong ch 3, pp (today) Wong ch 4, pp (next week) 13
14 Image Manipulation Software There are many different image manipulation software packages, e.g.: Paint Built in to windows Photoshop Commercial software Irfanview Free software Paintshop Pro Shareware/Commercial GIMP Free software Example: Text Compression Problem: Unicode assigns 16 bits to each character in a document; uses a heck of a lot of space. We need ways to store and transmit text efficiently. Why? Common lossless compression techniques: keyword encoding run-length encoding Huffman encoding 14
15 Keyword Encoding Replace frequently used words with a single character Keyword Encoding Example Given the following paragraph, We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. 15
16 Keyword Encoding Example The encoded paragraph is We hold # truths to be self-evident, $ all men are created equal, $ ~y are endowed by ~ir Creator with certain unalienable Rights, $ among # are Life, Liberty + ~ pursuit of Happiness. $ to secure # rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving ~ir just powers from ~ consent of ~ governed, $ whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of # ends, it is ~ Right of ~ People to alter or to abolish it, + to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles + organizing its powers in such form, ^ to ~m shall seem most likely to effect ~ir Safety + Happiness. Keyword Encoding Compression ratio The size of the compressed data divided by the size of the original data (0 < c.r. <= 1) What did we save? Original paragraph: 656 characters Encoded paragraph: 596 characters Characters saved: 60 characters Compression ratio: 596/656 = Could we use this substitution chart for all text? How could we apply keyword encoding to images? 16
17 Run-Length Encoding Consider a single character which is repeated over and over again in a long sequence. Replace a repeated sequence with a flag character repeated character number of repetitions Example: *n8 * is the flag character n is the repeated character 8 is the number of times n is repeated Run-Length Encoding Example Original text bbbbbbbbjjjkllqqqqqq+++++ Encoded text *b8jjjkll*q6*+5 (Why isn't l encoded? J?) The compression ratio is 15/25 or.6 Encoded text *x4*p4l*k7 Original text xxxxpppplkkkkkkk This type of repetition isn t very helpful for English text. Can you think of a situation where it might be helpful? 17
18 Run-Length Encoding Example How would you describe the colors in this image? Which letters occur most? 18
19 Huffman Encoding Why should the character X" and "z" take up the same number of bits as "e" or " "? Huffman codes use variable-length bit strings to represent each character. More frequently used letters have fewest bits. Huffman Encoding Example ballboard would be !! Encoded is 28 bits vs 144 bits with Unicode; The compression ratio is 28/144 or 0.39 Try to encode roadbed 19
20 Huffman Encoding Prefix Property No character's bit string is the prefix of any other character's bit string. To decode look for match left to right, bit by bit record letter when a match is found begin next character where you left off Huffman Encoding Example Try it! Decode!! ! 20
21 Huffman Encoding The technique for creating codes guarantees the prefix property of the codes. There is no single Huffman code -- each depends on the application. Two types of Huffman codes: general, based on use of letters in English, Spanish,. specialized, based on text itself or specific types of text 21
Comparison of different image compression formats. ECE 533 Project Report Paula Aguilera
Comparison of different image compression formats ECE 533 Project Report Paula Aguilera Introduction: Images are very important documents nowadays; to work with them in some applications they need to be
More informationMMGD0203 Multimedia Design MMGD0203 MULTIMEDIA DESIGN. Chapter 3 Graphics and Animations
MMGD0203 MULTIMEDIA DESIGN Chapter 3 Graphics and Animations 1 Topics: Definition of Graphics Why use Graphics? Graphics Categories Graphics Qualities File Formats Types of Graphics Graphic File Size Introduction
More informationMassArt Studio Foundation: Visual Language Digital Media Cookbook, Fall 2013
INPUT OUTPUT 08 / IMAGE QUALITY & VIEWING In this section we will cover common image file formats you are likely to come across and examine image quality in terms of resolution and bit depth. We will cover
More informationData Storage 3.1. Foundations of Computer Science Cengage Learning
3 Data Storage 3.1 Foundations of Computer Science Cengage Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, the student should be able to: List five different data types used in a computer. Describe how
More informationData Storage. Chapter 3. Objectives. 3-1 Data Types. Data Inside the Computer. After studying this chapter, students should be able to:
Chapter 3 Data Storage Objectives After studying this chapter, students should be able to: List five different data types used in a computer. Describe how integers are stored in a computer. Describe how
More informationA Basic Summary of Image Formats
A Basic Summary of Image Formats Merciadri Luca Luca.Merciadri@student.ulg.ac.be Abstract. We summarize here the most used image formats, and their respective principal applications. Keywords: image formats,
More informationOptimizing graphic files
Optimizing graphic files Introduction As soon as I started using web-authoring tools, I realized that I should be careful to use graphics on the web. Well-designed graphics usually make the web site more
More informationUnderstanding HD: Frame Rates, Color & Compression
Understanding HD: Frame Rates, Color & Compression HD Format Breakdown An HD Format Describes (in no particular order) Resolution Frame Rate Bit Rate Color Space Bit Depth Color Model / Color Gamut Color
More informationComputers Are Your Future Eleventh Edition Chapter 5: Application Software: Tools for Productivity
Computers Are Your Future Eleventh Edition Chapter 5: Application Software: Tools for Productivity Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 1 All rights reserved. No part of this
More informationDigital Imaging and Image Editing
Digital Imaging and Image Editing A digital image is a representation of a twodimensional image as a finite set of digital values, called picture elements or pixels. The digital image contains a fixed
More informationbalesio Native Format Optimization Technology (NFO)
balesio AG balesio Native Format Optimization Technology (NFO) White Paper Abstract balesio provides the industry s most advanced technology for unstructured data optimization, providing a fully system-independent
More informationDigimarc for Images. Best Practices Guide (Chroma + Classic Edition)
Digimarc for Images Best Practices Guide (Chroma + Classic Edition) Best Practices Guide (Chroma + Classic Edition) Why should you digitally watermark your images? 3 What types of images can be digitally
More informationStructures for Data Compression Responsible persons: Claudia Dolci, Dante Salvini, Michael Schrattner, Robert Weibel
Geographic Information Technology Training Alliance (GITTA) presents: Responsible persons: Claudia Dolci, Dante Salvini, Michael Schrattner, Robert Weibel Content 1.... 2 1.1. General Compression Concepts...3
More informationencoding compression encryption
encoding compression encryption ASCII utf-8 utf-16 zip mpeg jpeg AES RSA diffie-hellman Expressing characters... ASCII and Unicode, conventions of how characters are expressed in bits. ASCII (7 bits) -
More informationDigital Image Fundamentals. Selim Aksoy Department of Computer Engineering Bilkent University saksoy@cs.bilkent.edu.tr
Digital Image Fundamentals Selim Aksoy Department of Computer Engineering Bilkent University saksoy@cs.bilkent.edu.tr Imaging process Light reaches surfaces in 3D. Surfaces reflect. Sensor element receives
More informationVideo-Conferencing System
Video-Conferencing System Evan Broder and C. Christoher Post Introductory Digital Systems Laboratory November 2, 2007 Abstract The goal of this project is to create a video/audio conferencing system. Video
More informationImage Compression through DCT and Huffman Coding Technique
International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 4106, P-ISSN 2347 5161 2015 INPRESSCO, All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Research Article Rahul
More informationEach figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file.
Introduction This page provides general information for authors creating figures to maximize the quality of those illustrations and to prepare artwork for submission to the Brazilian Journal of Medical
More informationLinks. Blog. Great Images for Papers and Presentations 5/24/2011. Overview. Find help for entire process Quick link Theses and Dissertations
Overview Great Images for Papers and Presentations May 26, 2011 Web Tips Definitions Using the Michigan Tech logo Photography 101 Great images from others Great images you create PDF conversion Final words
More informationOCR LEVEL 2 CAMBRIDGE TECHNICAL
Cambridge TECHNICALS OCR LEVEL 2 CAMBRIDGE TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE/DIPLOMA IN IT COMPUTER GRAPHICS H/601/5801 LEVEL 2 UNIT 10 GUIDED LEARNING HOURS: 60 UNIT CREDIT VALUE: 10 COMPUTER GRAPHICS H/601/5801
More informationPictures / images on computers
**** 1 Pictures / images on computers Images are important **** 2 Why learn the basics of images? Pictures/graphics/images are often inserted in» word processing documents» presentations with slides» web
More informationToday s topics. Digital Computers. More on binary. Binary Digits (Bits)
Today s topics! Binary Numbers! Brookshear.-.! Slides from Prof. Marti Hearst of UC Berkeley SIMS! Upcoming! Networks Interactive Introduction to Graph Theory http://www.utm.edu/cgi-bin/caldwell/tutor/departments/math/graph/intro
More informationInformation, Entropy, and Coding
Chapter 8 Information, Entropy, and Coding 8. The Need for Data Compression To motivate the material in this chapter, we first consider various data sources and some estimates for the amount of data associated
More informationACADEMIC TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT
ACADEMIC TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT Adobe Photoshop Introduction Part 1 (Basics- Image Manipulation) ats@etsu.edu 439-8611 www.etsu.edu/ats Table of Contents: Overview... 1 Objectives... 1 Basic Graphic Terminology...
More informationTEXT FILES. Format Description / Properties Usage and Archival Recommendations
TEXT FILES Format Description / Properties Usage and Archival Recommendations.txt.doc.docx.rtf.odt.pdf PDF/A Text file Simple plain text document Compatible across software packages Supports very little
More informationCompression techniques
Compression techniques David Bařina February 22, 2013 David Bařina Compression techniques February 22, 2013 1 / 37 Contents 1 Terminology 2 Simple techniques 3 Entropy coding 4 Dictionary methods 5 Conclusion
More informationLogo Standards Guideline
Logo Standards Guideline TABLE OF CONTENTS Nurturing The Brand 1 Logo Guidelines 2 Correct Usage 2 Color Guidelines 6 How to Use the Provided Logo Files 9 Glossary 10 NURTURING THE BRAND THE FOLLOWING
More informationReduce File Size. Compatibility. Contents
Reduce File Size Revu provides a mechanism for reducing the size of some PDFs to make them more suitable for email or a Document Management System. This tool works by compressing bitmap images and removing
More informationAdobe Certified Expert Program
Adobe Certified Expert Program Product Proficiency Exam Bulletin Adobe Photoshop CS4 Exam # 9A0-094 ACE Certification Checklist The checklist below will help guide you through the process of obtaining
More informationdesigned and prepared for california safe routes to school by circle design circledesign.net Graphic Standards
Graphic Standards Table of Contents introduction...2 General Usage...2 Logo lockups: color...3 LOGO LOCKUPS: GRAYSCALE...4 Minimum Staging Area...5 Minimum Logo Size...6 Type Family...7 Color Palettes...8
More informationScanning and OCR Basics
Scanning and OCR Basics Scan Text Documents into Word 2003 using OCR Software 1. Place the document to scan face down on the flatbed scanner. 2. Launch Microsoft Word 2003 for Windows. 3. Select Acquire
More informationHow to Send Video Images Through Internet
Transmitting Video Images in XML Web Service Francisco Prieto, Antonio J. Sierra, María Carrión García Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática Área de Ingeniería Telemática Escuela Superior
More informationANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS IN IMAGE COMPRESSION FOR CLOUD STORAGE FOR VARIOUS IMAGE FORMATS
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS IN IMAGE COMPRESSION FOR CLOUD STORAGE FOR VARIOUS IMAGE FORMATS Dasaradha Ramaiah K. 1 and T. Venugopal 2 1 IT Department, BVRIT, Hyderabad, India 2 CSE Department, JNTUH,
More informationImage Resolution. Color Spaces: RGB and CMYK. File Types and when to use. Image Resolution. Finding Happiness at 300 dots-per-inch
Image Resolution Color Spaces: RGB and CMYK File Types and when to use Image Resolution Finding Happiness at 300 dots-per-inch Rules to remember Text should be 400dpi at the final size in the layout. Images
More informationCOMPUTERS ARE YOUR FUTURE CHAPTER 5 APPLICATION SOFTWARE: TOOLS FOR PRODUCTIVITY
COMPUTERS ARE YOUR FUTURE CHAPTER 5 APPLICATION SOFTWARE: TOOLS FOR PRODUCTIVITY Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions Matching _e 1. slide Microsoft Powerpoint 2010 _d 2. group An Overview of Microsoft
More informationCS101 Lecture 11: Number Systems and Binary Numbers. Aaron Stevens 14 February 2011
CS101 Lecture 11: Number Systems and Binary Numbers Aaron Stevens 14 February 2011 1 2 1 3!!! MATH WARNING!!! TODAY S LECTURE CONTAINS TRACE AMOUNTS OF ARITHMETIC AND ALGEBRA PLEASE BE ADVISED THAT CALCULTORS
More informationTo be productive in today s graphic s industry, a designer, artist, or. photographer needs to have some basic knowledge of various file
An Artist s Digital Toolkit Allan Wood, for educational use only Understanding File Formats File Formats To be productive in today s graphic s industry, a designer, artist, or photographer needs to have
More informationSCANNING, RESOLUTION, AND FILE FORMATS
Resolution SCANNING, RESOLUTION, AND FILE FORMATS We will discuss the use of resolution as it pertains to printing, internet/screen display, and resizing iamges. WHAT IS A PIXEL? PIXEL stands for: PICture
More informationColor management workflow in Adobe After Effects CS4
Color management workflow in Adobe After Effects CS4 Technical paper Table of contents 1 Getting started 3 High-definition video workflow 7 Digital cinema workflow 14 Animation/Flash export workflow 19
More informationWhat Resolution Should Your Images Be?
What Resolution Should Your Images Be? The best way to determine the optimum resolution is to think about the final use of your images. For publication you ll need the highest resolution, for desktop printing
More informationFundamentals of Image Analysis and Visualization (the short version) Rebecca Williams, Director, BRC-Imaging
Fundamentals of Image Analysis and Visualization (the short version) Rebecca Williams, Director, BRC-Imaging A digital image is a matrix of numbers (in this case bytes) 6 2 4 4 2 0 2 0 2 4 4 4 4 8 12 4
More informationUNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION CCSS UG (SDE) V SEMESTER OPEN COURSE INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA (For the UG candidates with core course other than BMMC) QUESTION BANK 1. Compression
More informationTABLE OF CONTENTS. SECTION ONE: OVERVIEW... 4 Who are these guidelines for?... 4 What is a visual identity guideline?... 4
VISUAL IDENTITY TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION ONE: OVERVIEW... 4 Who are these guidelines for?... 4 What is a visual identity guideline?... 4 SECTION TWO: VISUAL IDENTITY GUIDLINES... 5 Corporate identity
More informationElectronic Records Management Guidelines - File Formats
Electronic Records Management Guidelines - File Formats Rapid changes in technology mean that file formats can become obsolete quickly and cause problems for your records management strategy. A long-term
More informationDigital Audio and Video Data
Multimedia Networking Reading: Sections 3.1.2, 3.3, 4.5, and 6.5 CS-375: Computer Networks Dr. Thomas C. Bressoud 1 Digital Audio and Video Data 2 Challenges for Media Streaming Large volume of data Each
More informationIntroduction to image coding
Introduction to image coding Image coding aims at reducing amount of data required for image representation, storage or transmission. This is achieved by removing redundant data from an image, i.e. by
More informationExamining the sources of graphic images
Examining the sources of graphic images Draw and paint programs are used to develop graphic images from scratch. But what are other ways to obtain graphic images for multimedia titles? For example, can
More informationLEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS NAME & LOGO GUIDELINES
Updated 3/15/2013 4:07 PM LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS NAME & LOGO GUIDELINES The League of Women Voters logo, like our name, is our identity. It conveys the full collective power of the LWV mission to the public,
More informationAdjusting Digitial Camera Resolution
Adjusting Digitial Camera Resolution How to adjust your 72 ppi images for output at 300 ppi Eureka Printing Company, Inc. 106 T Street Eureka, California 95501 (707) 442-5703 (707) 442-6968 Fax ekaprint@pacbell.net
More informationANALYSIS OF THE COMPRESSION RATIO AND QUALITY IN MEDICAL IMAGES
ISSN 392 24X INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND CONTROL, 2006, Vol.35, No.4 ANALYSIS OF THE COMPRESSION RATIO AND QUALITY IN MEDICAL IMAGES Darius Mateika, Romanas Martavičius Department of Electronic Systems,
More informationCourse Title: Multimedia Design
Course Title: Multimedia Design Unit: Multimedia Hardware and Software Content Standard(s) and 1. Compare types of multimedia, including presentation, desktop publishing, Web page design, graphic design,
More informationAdobe Illustrator CS5 Part 1: Introduction to Illustrator
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, LOS ANGELES INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES Adobe Illustrator CS5 Part 1: Introduction to Illustrator Summer 2011, Version 1.0 Table of Contents Introduction...2 Downloading
More information1. Introduction to image processing
1 1. Introduction to image processing 1.1 What is an image? An image is an array, or a matrix, of square pixels (picture elements) arranged in columns and rows. Figure 1: An image an array or a matrix
More informationJPEG Image Compression by Using DCT
International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering Open Access Research Paper Volume-4, Issue-4 E-ISSN: 2347-2693 JPEG Image Compression by Using DCT Sarika P. Bagal 1* and Vishal B. Raskar 2 1*
More informationWeb Publishing Guidelines
An Artist s Digital Toolkit Allan Wood, for educational use only Web Publishing Guidelines Setting Up Files for the Web When creating files to be used for the Web, the measurement settings should be in
More informationScanning Archival Material By Daniel D. Whitney
Scanning Archival Material By Daniel D. Whitney As we move from the 20 th Century into the information age of the 21 st, mountains of important material are being lost because there no way to index or
More informationDigital Preservation. Guidance Note: Graphics File Formats
Digital Preservation 4 Guidance Note: Graphics File Formats Document Control Author: Adrian Brown, Head of Digital Preservation Research Document Reference: DPGN-04 Issue: 2 Issue Date: August 2008 THE
More information2D Art and Animation. [ COGS Meeting 02/18/2015 ] [ Andrew ]
2D Art and Animation [ COGS Meeting 02/18/2015 ] [ Andrew ] Raster Art Vector Art Pixel Art Types of Images Raster Art These are the standard image types you re familiar with: PNG, JPEG, BMP, etc. Internally
More informationLesson 1 Quiz. 3. The Internet is which type of medium? a. Passive b. Broadcast c. One-to-one d. Electronic print
Lesson 1 Quiz 1. Which technology trend in Web development can be defined as a group of XMLbased technologies that enable computers using different operating systems and software to easily exchange information
More informationAdobe Illustrator CS5
What is Illustrator? Adobe Illustrator CS5 An Overview Illustrator is a vector drawing program. It is often used to draw illustrations, cartoons, diagrams, charts and logos. Unlike raster images that store
More informationGKG3013 Web Design. Jong Sze Joon& Auzani Zeda Mohamed Kassim Faculty of Applied and Creative Arts Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
GKG3013 Web Design Jong Sze Joon& Auzani Zeda Mohamed Kassim Faculty of Applied and Creative Arts Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Learning Unit 3 Web Design Basics Unit Learning Objectives The aim of this
More informationIntroduction to System-on-Chip Design
NATIONAL KAOHSIUNG FIRST UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Introduction to System-on-Chip Design Image compression with MCU Group 5 Professor: 陳 朝 烈 Administrator: 蔡 乙 銘 Members: 吳 柏 萱, 張 凱 傑, 孫 志 光
More informationBest practices for producing quality digital video files
University of Michigan Deep Blue deepblue.lib.umich.edu 2011-03-09 Best practices for producing quality digital video files Formats Group, Deep Blue http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/83222 Best practices for
More informationFCE: A Fast Content Expression for Server-based Computing
FCE: A Fast Content Expression for Server-based Computing Qiao Li Mentor Graphics Corporation 11 Ridder Park Drive San Jose, CA 95131, U.S.A. Email: qiao li@mentor.com Fei Li Department of Computer Science
More informationBest Practices: PDF Export
WHITE PAPER Best Practices: PDF Export People use PDF files in a variety of ways, from Web and e-mail distribution to high-end offset printing. Each way of using a PDF file has its own requirements. For
More informationWEB DEVELOPMENT IMMERSIVE HTML & WEB FUNDAMENTALS
HTML & WEB FUNDAMENTALS TOPICS How the Web Works The Development Process Separation of Concerns Work Flow Habits Getting to know HTML elements Validation 2 HOW THE WEB WORKS Request/Response Rendering
More informationCalibration Best Practices
Calibration Best Practices for Manufacturers SpectraCal, Inc. 17544 Midvale Avenue N., Suite 100 Shoreline, WA 98133 (206) 420-7514 info@spectracal.com http://studio.spectracal.com Calibration Best Practices
More informationIn the two following sections we separately consider hardware and software requirements. Sometimes, they will be offered for sale as a package.
Appendix A COMPUTER HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE In this appendix we discuss some of the issues in choosing hardware and software for image analysis. The purpose is to draw attention to the issues involved rather
More informationAll You Need to Know About Capturing Screens
All You Need to Know About Capturing Screens Consulting matthew@ellisonconsulting.com What we ll cover in this session Recommendations on when and how to use screenshots in your user assistance Potential
More informationPeriodontology. Digital Art Guidelines JOURNAL OF. Monochrome Combination Halftones (grayscale or color images with text and/or line art)
JOURNAL OF Periodontology Digital Art Guidelines In order to meet the Journal of Periodontology s quality standards for publication, it is important that authors submit digital art that conforms to the
More informationQuickTimePro creating movies from frames
Biochem 660 2008 179 QuickTimePro creating movies from frames Appleʼs QuickTime Pro is available on Macintosh and Windows platforms. The free version is downloadable from http://www.apple.com/quicktime/
More informationChoosing a digital camera for your microscope John C. Russ, Materials Science and Engineering Dept., North Carolina State Univ.
Choosing a digital camera for your microscope John C. Russ, Materials Science and Engineering Dept., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC One vital step is to choose a transfer lens matched to your
More informationEssential Graphics/Design Concepts for Non-Designers
Essential Graphics/Design Concepts for Non-Designers presented by Ana Henke Graphic Designer and Publications Supervisor University Communications and Marketing Services New Mexico State University Discussion
More informationVideo Coding Basics. Yao Wang Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY11201 yao@vision.poly.edu
Video Coding Basics Yao Wang Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY11201 yao@vision.poly.edu Outline Motivation for video coding Basic ideas in video coding Block diagram of a typical video codec Different
More informationA JPEG Decoder Implementation in C Chris Tralie ELE 201 Fall 2007
A JPEG Decoder Implementation in C Chris Tralie ELE 201 Fall 2007 Due 1/11/2008 Professor Sanjeev Kulkarni 1. Introduction The purpose of this project is to create a decoder program in C that can interpret
More informationColour by Numbers Image Representation
Activity 2 Colour by Numbers Image Representation Summary Computers store drawings, photographs and other pictures using only numbers. The following activity demonstrates how they can do this. Curriculum
More informationA GPU based real-time video compression method for video conferencing
A GPU based real-time video compression method for video conferencing Stamos Katsigiannis, Dimitris Maroulis Department of Informatics and Telecommunications University of Athens Athens, Greece {stamos,
More informationSecured Lossless Medical Image Compression Based On Adaptive Binary Optimization
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) e-issn: 2278-0661, p- ISSN: 2278-8727Volume 16, Issue 2, Ver. IV (Mar-Apr. 2014), PP 43-47 Secured Lossless Medical Image Compression Based On Adaptive Binary
More informationVideo compression: Performance of available codec software
Video compression: Performance of available codec software Introduction. Digital Video A digital video is a collection of images presented sequentially to produce the effect of continuous motion. It takes
More informationSelf-Positioning Handheld 3D Scanner
Self-Positioning Handheld 3D Scanner Method Sheet: How to scan in Color and prep for Post Processing ZScan: Version 3.0 Last modified: 03/13/2009 POWERED BY Background theory The ZScanner 700CX was built
More informationPreparing graphics for IOP journals
Please note that these guidelines do not apply to journals of the American Astronomical Society. Guidelines for these journals are available online. Preparing graphics for IOP journals IOP Publishing,
More informationCHAPTER 6: GRAPHICS, DIGITAL MEDIA, AND MULTIMEDIA
CHAPTER 6: GRAPHICS, DIGITAL MEDIA, AND MULTIMEDIA Multiple Choice: 1. created the World Wide Web, the URL scheme, HTML and HTTP A. Bill Gates B. Andy Grove C. Jeff Bezos D. Tim Berners-Lee Answer: D Reference:
More informationLossless Grey-scale Image Compression using Source Symbols Reduction and Huffman Coding
Lossless Grey-scale Image Compression using Source Symbols Reduction and Huffman Coding C. SARAVANAN cs@cc.nitdgp.ac.in Assistant Professor, Computer Centre, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur,WestBengal,
More informationStatistical Modeling of Huffman Tables Coding
Statistical Modeling of Huffman Tables Coding S. Battiato 1, C. Bosco 1, A. Bruna 2, G. Di Blasi 1, G.Gallo 1 1 D.M.I. University of Catania - Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy {battiato, bosco,
More informationTape Drive Data Compression Q & A
Tape Drive Data Compression Q & A Question What is data compression and how does compression work? Data compression permits increased storage capacities by using a mathematical algorithm that reduces redundant
More informationScanning in Windows XP: Basics Learning guide
Scanning in Windows XP: Basics Learning guide If you have ever wanted to scan documents and images on different scanners in your department, you've probably faced the difficulties that arise from needing
More informationPreparing Images for PowerPoint, the Web, and Publication
What is Resolution?... 2 How Resolution Affects File Memory Size... 2 Physical Size vs. Memory Size... 3 Thinking Digitally... 4 What Resolution is Best For Printing?... 5 Professional Publications...
More informationChapter 3 Graphics and Image Data Representations
Chapter 3 Graphics and Image Data Representations 3.1 Graphics/Image Data Types 3.2 Popular File Formats 3.3 Further Exploration 1 Li & Drew c Prentice Hall 2003 3.1 Graphics/Image Data Types The number
More informationPreparing Content for self-publishing
Preparing Content for self-publishing TEXT Check spelling, grammar and punctuation. Fact check! Tip: print out all your text, and ask someone else to proof-read it. Ensure consistency of style: capitalization,
More informationFundamental Principles of American Democracy
Fundamental Principles of American Democracy Standard: 12.1 Students explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential
More informationCHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
11 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 INTRODUCTION Image compression is mainly used to reduce storage space, transmission time and bandwidth requirements. In the subsequent sections of this chapter, general
More informationACTIVE CONTENT MANAGER (ACM)
ITServices SSC007-3333 University Way Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7 250.807.9000 www.ubc.ca/okanagan/itservices ACTIVE CONTENT MANAGER (ACM) Managing the Digital Asset Library March 8, 2007 digital assets.ppt 1
More information