Geothermal energy in Norway

Transcription

1 Geothermal energy in Norway Kirsti Midttømme, Senior Scientist, PhD, Christian Michelsen Research Center Manager, CGER

2 BKK AS CMR (host) Entreprenørservice AS IRIS IFE Kongsberg Innovasjon NGI NGU Norhard Geo NORSAR NTNU Resonator AS Ruden AS SINTEF Statoil Uni Research University of Bergen

3 Simplified bedrock map of Norway Old massive rock Low porosity Low permeabilitiy No sedimentary basin onshore 3

4 Heat flow map Atlas of Geothermal Resources in Europe, European Comission, 2002

5 World Geothermal Statistics direct use of geothermal energy Country GWh/yr MWt Main Use China 20,932 8,898 bathing/district heating USA 15,710 12,611 GHP Sweden 12,585 4,460 GHP Turkey 10,247 2,084 district heating Japan 7,139 2,100 bathing (onsens) Iceland 6,768 1,826 district heating France 3,592 1,345 district heating Germany 3,546 2,485 bathing/district heating Netherlands 2,972 1,410 GHP Canada 2,465 1,126 GHP Norway 2,300 1,300 GHP Switzerland 2,143 1,061 GHP Geothermal Heat Pumps Lund and Bertani, 2010, WGC and GRC 5

6 The new GHP system at University College of Bergen 15.aug.2014 Cooperation between Norway and Indonesia within geothermal energy 6

7 Geothermal heat pump (Shallow geothermal) Heat pump Heat pump 40 mm single U tubes with anti freeze brine Heating Cooling Ref: Jørn Stene, Cowi

8 Nydalen Næringspark, Oslo 8

9 Geothermal heat pump system Alnafossen office building, Oslo 52 boreholes to 150 m depth Delivered heat/cooling from the boreholes to the building throughout the year

10 Sartor mall 165 x 200m Kleppestø school 19 x 180m ClamponCOOP Ahlsell Åsane Åsane 5 x 180m 112 x 212m 6 x 160m Olav Grevstad AS 6 x 190m apartment houses Varden 12 x 160m University College Bergen 80 x 220m Haukeland 75 x 250m Kolstien 11 x 200m Ådnamarka school 14 x Spar Kjøp Kokstad 18 x 170m Sælenveien x 170m Chr M Vestreheim 7 x 170m Espehaugen 45 6 x 200m Apeltun school 10 boreholes

11 New Akershus University hospital (Ahus), Norway GHP system Operation from m boreholes of 200 m depth Heat pump, 8 MW Energy production Heat 26 GWh Cooling incl. passive cooling 8 GWh Investment cost GHP system 100mill NOK 11

12 Gardermoen airport, Oslo, 1998 Building area: m 2 GHP system utilizing groundwater 9 MW cooling 7.5 MW heating 9 warm and 9 cold wells 45 m depth Groundwater temperatures Cold wells ºC Warm wells º C Energy production 2004 Heat 11 GWh Cooling 11GWh Investment GHP system 17 mill NOK Payback time <4 years Foto: Oslo Lufthavn AS

13 Bergen University College GHP system with boreholes and ice storage tanks 81 BHE to 220 m depth 4 ice storage tanks 250 m 3 -Freezing temperature 10 C -Cold storage kwh = 7 hour á 1600 kw Energy savings kwh Equal to 1700 tons CO2 emission calculated by standard European power mix 13

14 Ljan school, Oslo Hybrid heating system: BHE, and solar energy Solar ground collectors Hybrid system principle: The school utilizes the heat source with the most favorable temperature - either borehole stored or solar collected heat Borehole storage 24 boreholes 200 m 14

15 High Temperature BTES, Emmaboden, Seasonal storage of waste heat from the foundry in the summer - to be recovered for space heating during winter 140 boreholes, 150 m depth Borehole spacing; 4 m In operation since Summer 2010 Designed for charging 3800 MWh of which 2600 MWh is predicted to be recovered for space heating Working temperature 60 /40 C Sweden 15

16 Icehall, district heating system and sea collectors, Bjugn Icehall, 400m speed skating 20 km horisontal collectores in the tidelzone District heating system Cityhall Health center Two schools Energy savings 3.2 GWh Sykehjem Videreg å ende skole R ådhuset Olje -/Elkjeler Ungdomsskole Boliger Varmepumpe meter nedgravde rø rsl ø yfer Fjernvarmenett Varmesentraler Kundesentraler Varmeopptak

17 Deep geothermal energy for heat and power production

18 Rikshospitalet, Oslo

19 Svalbard 19

20 Temperature modeling Svalbard Collection of data, simulations and validation completed.

21 Investigation of the potential for geothermal utilization 21

22 Distributed Temperature Sensing DTS effectively an array of independently addressable thermometers along a single optical fibre Range of several 10s km (~1-2 m spatial resolution) 0,01-0,1 C temperature changes measurable Typical measurement time 10s Temperatures < 300 C measurable using relatively low cost fibre/cables, higher temperatures possible with specialty fibre Used in oil and gas /geothermal down hole applications, fire detection, pipeline leak detection and many more. Downhole DTS (Courtesy: AP Sesning) 22

23 Micro-seismic monitoring at Svalbard CO2Lab Dh4, 970 m Injection 2010 & 2013 Dh6, 420 m Injection 2011 Dh7, 700 m Injection 2012 Dh5 BB180 m Dh3, 403 m 250m 18 stations 15 Hz and 2 Hz DH3_1 to 5 (94 to 294 m depth) DH4_1 to 8 (190 to 540 m depth) SH1 to 5 (12 m depth) 1 broadband (BB CMG-3ESP 60s-50Hz) Installation

24 Green Energy Group Norwegian company with Icelandic technology for small modular and cost efficient geothermal power plants. Large project with KenGen 24

25 ENERGY FLOW EXAMPLE POWER GENERATION USING HEAT FROM HOT SPRINGS HOT SPRINGS IN JAPAN One CraftEngine installed Part of NEDO project together with Keiyo Focus on special integration with new flash evaporator Low-temperature output optimization EL HOT WATER HEAT Geothermal well Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) Heat exchanger CraftEngine system (residual) heat Day Spa Japan p.25

26 Summary Though Norway is the «little brother» to Sweden and Iceland regarding geothermal energy we will very much like to cooperate with Poland to develop and improve the geothermal energy technology and utilization Geothermal project in Indian Himalaya funded by Research Council of Norway with Icelandic, Norwegian and Indian partners 26