ADVANTAGES OF USING THE HYBRID GEOTHERMAL OPTION
|
|
- Helen Lambert
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ADVANTAGES OF USING THE HYBRID GEOTHERMAL OPTION J. B. Singh, PE* Gustav Foster, Jr. PE** *J and P Engineers, P.A. 14 Kory Drive Kendall Park, NJ USA phone: fax: **Conectiv Solutions LLC 1240 South Spring Road Vineland, NJ 08361USA phone: fax: ABSTRACT Most applications of geothermal technology for commercial buildings are limited to full dependence on the ground soil temperatures for 100% of the heating and cooling energy. Although the advantages of lowest energy and maintenance costs favor this approach, first costs and space limitations may prohibit a full geothermal installation. In some states, such as New Jersey, restrictive regulations mandating minimum bore size, grouting materials, wage rates and method of heat exchange greatly increase the cost of the system. Frequently the initial cost may place the project beyond budget, and in some instances the drilling conditions may preclude the use of a large conventional closed loop bore field. The paper explores first cost savings resulting from using hybrid geothermal design and two examples of actual hybrid design. One site is an office building in operation and the other is a large school project in design in the Atlantic City area.
2 1. OFFICE BUILDING The Paragon Center building is an office condominium located in Allentown, Pennsylvania. It is an 7,432 m 2 (80,000 ft 2 ), 4-story building. The initial budget for the system, set at $950,000, was developed in anticipation of construction of a 100% geothermal closed loop system The project was to use a closed loop geothermal system composed of 55 bore holes, 152 m (500 ft) deep to supply 703 kw (200 tons) of heating and cooling capacity. Although the initial test bore indicated no problems to a depth of 152 m (500 ft), subsequent drilling at the rear of the property resulted in collapse of the bore at approximately 48.8 m (160 ft). Two additional bores were attempted in the same area, but casing advance shoes could not hold up below 33.5 m (110 ft). The reason for the bore failures was high water flow in a limestone strata. A static water level of 11.9 m (39 ft) was observed 24 hours after drilling. To continue deeper would have required casings which would have exceeded the project budget. Because of the presence of these drilling conditions, the site did not lend itself to a deep bore field. A decision was made to abandon the idea of a 100% geothermal system and to use a closed circuit cooler, to assist in building cooling at time near summer design conditions. The installation was made with 88 bores, each 38 m (125 ft) for 281 kw (80 tons) of cooling while the closed circuit cooler was sized to provide the remaining 422 kw (120 tons) of capacity. The following table provides a comparison on cost to install various systems. Table 1 Cost of Various Options Office Building Dollars Standard CLWSHP System Full Geothermal m (500 ft) (not cased) Full Geothermal m (110 ft) (cased) Base Cost 620, , , ,000 Permits 3,100 3,500 4,500 3,700 Excavations 0 15,000 55,000 28,000 Misc. concrete, fence 30,000 20,000 20,000 30,000 Closed Circuit cooler 91, ,000 69,500 Extra Electric 6, ,400 Boreholes & Piping 0 219, , ,200 Boiler 20, TOTAL 770, ,000 1,117, ,800 Loop cost, $/kw ($/ton) 312 (1,098) 594 (2090) Hybrid System m (110 ft) (cased) 630 (2,215)
3 Note that the borehole and looping costs more than double because of the need to use casings. If casing had not been necessary, the hybrid system cost would have been less than the 100% geothermal system even considering a higher drilling cost because of a smaller number of bores. At one point during the design process, it was contemplated abandoning the concept of a geothermal system entirely because of well field problems. In this example of a hybrid system, the design allowed the project to stay within the proposed construction budget despite the conditions at the site which required casing and shallow bores. The use of a closed circuit cooler increases energy costs. However, other areas of energy control more than offset the increased cost of employing the closed circuit cooler. Incorporated in the project was sensible heat recovery, adjustable speed drives on the pumps and monitoring equipment. By the middle of 1994, Dr. Steven Kavanaugh was brought onto the project as an Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) consultant. Dr. Kavanaugh reinforced the need for reduction of pumping energy, from 22.3 kw (30 hp) to 11.2 kw (15 hp), and also the need to use variable frequency drives for the pumps. After more than two full years of operation, the project operating energy cost is less than $0.0929/m 2 ($1.00/ft 2 ) at an average electric cost of $0.08 annually, including demand charges. 2. ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BUILDING This building is planned for expansion, in the West Atlantic City, New Jersey area and is situated on a relatively small city block 64 m x 177m (210 ft x 580 ft) or 11,315 m 2 (121,800 ft 2 ). Conditioned space within the building is 2,138 m 2 (23,000 ft 2 ) for the existing structure, 5,853 m 2 (63,000 ft 2 ) for the new addition, totaling 7,897 m 2 (85,000 ft 2 ). Enrollment is between 550 and 670 students, with 9 months a year use. A requirement of L/s (15,000 cfm) of outside air is needed to meet indoor air quality guidelines, resulting in a total cooling requirement of 967 kw (275 tons). Heat recovery equipment reduces this requirement to 879kW (250 tons) of loop cooling. The building is a combination one and two story masonry structure. In addition to classrooms, the school contains a multi-purpose room, library and a 195 m 2 (2,100 ft 2 ) swimming pool area with a 83.6 m 2 (900 ft 2 ). swimming pool. Electricity cost averages $0.997/kWh including demand charges. Typical individual classroom cooling requirement is 8.79kW (2.5 tons) utilizing separate outside air heat recovery, and 12.3 kw (3.5 Tons) if classroom cooling is performed without heat recovery equipment. The initial 100% closed loop geothermal design called for 90 bores 122 m (330 ft). After several rough layouts of the Elementary School borefield were made, it was determined that available space was not sufficient to provide a 100% closed loop geothermal system. It was decided to consider a hybrid design, employing a closed circuit cooler. The hybrid design uses 66 bores 122 m (400 ft) deep to provide all the required heating and most of the cooling. The geothermal borefield provides 468 kw (133 tons) of capacity. On hot and humid days the closed circuit
4 cooler assists with an additional 411 kw (117 tons) of cooling. The following table provides a comparison on cost to install various systems. Table 2 Estimated Cost of Various Options Elementary School Dollars Standard CLWSHP System Chiller, Boiler & Tower Full Geothermal m (400 ft) (not cased) Hybrid System m (400 ft) (not cased) Base Cost 1,043,300 1,211, , ,930 Cooling Tower 50,000 50, Closed Circuit cooler ,570 Boreholes & Piping , ,600 Boiler 25,000 25, TOTAL 1,118,300 1,286,700 1,204,100 1,139,100 Loop cost, $/kw ($/ton) n/a n/a (1,240.00) (1,921.80) Costs were calculated for construction in Annual energy savings were estimated to be $6,118 for full geothermal and $4,500 for the hybrid geothermal, compared to the standard CLWSHP system. Maintenance savings were estimated to be $8,895 and $5,000. Based on these estimates, simple payback would be 5.7 years for the full geothermal and 2.2 years for the hybrid. In this example, the idea to construct the system using hybrid came about from the tight footprint of the site. However, a clear economic advantage is shown by the use of hybrid geothermal. Significant first cost savings are traded for slightly higher operating and maintenance costs. REFERENCES 1. Kavanaugh, S.P., Analysis and Development of a Design Method for Hybrid Geothermal Heat Pumps, Draft, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, March Kavanaugh, S.P., M. Khattar, D.R. McGraw, S.L. Rubin, T.F. Brown, Jr. and J.B. Singh, The Geothermal Hybrid System at the Paragon Center in Allentown, PA, EPRI, December 6, Kavanaugh, S.P. and K. Rafferty, Ground Source Heat Pumps, Draft, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Singh, J.B., Information on the Hybrid System, Letter to contractor, June 1, Singh, J.B., Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Various HVAC System Options for Chelsea Heights Elementary School, Letters to contractor, June 1, 1996.
5
6
Heating & Cooling Efficiency
Heating & Cooling Efficiency Advantages of Geothermal HVAC Efficiency Keith Swilley Gulf Power Company Why Gulf Power Promotes Energy Efficiency? Customer Satisfaction Education Help Customers Make Smart
More informationGeothermal Heat Pump Systems: From Basics to Hybrids
Geothermal Heat Pump Systems: From Basics to Hybrids January 17, 2013 Scott Hackel Energy Center of Wisconsin www.ecw.org/hybrid Today s discussion The basics of geothermal The hybrid approach, our recent
More informationGeothermal Heat Pump Systems
Geothermal Heat Pump Systems GeoExchange Technology Curtis J. Klaassen, P.E. Iowa Energy Center Energy Resource Station Geothermal Heat Pump Technology Introduction What is Geothermal Energy? Geothermal
More informationThe next generation of geothermal systems for school buildings
The following article was published in ASHRAE Journal, August 2007. Copyright 2007 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. It is presented for educational purposes
More informationGeothermal Heat Pumps: A Pathway to Zero Net Energy (ZNE) for Schools, Homes and Businesses
Lisa Meline, P.E. Meline Engineering Corp. lisa@meline.com Office: 916.366.3458 Geothermal Heat Pumps: A Pathway to Zero Net Energy (ZNE) for Schools, Homes and Businesses Session C: Institutional Applications
More informationBall State University
Ball State University Journey From Stokers to C F B to Geothermal International District Energy Association June 2010 Ball State University Opened 1918 19000 students; 900 faculty; 2300 staff 47 major
More informationKeeping Clients Happy AND The Lawyers at Bay
The linked image cannot be displayed. The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location. Keeping Clients Happy AND The Lawyers at Bay Kirk
More informationHow a Ground Source Heat Pump Works for Commercial Buildings
How a Ground Source Heat Pump Works for Commercial Buildings 1 Geothermal avoids the need for outdoor equipment..reducing vandalism and liability Image courtesy of Climate Master 2 Why geothermal heat
More informationClosed-Loop Ground-Coupled Heat Pump Systems
The following article was published in ASHRAE Journal, September 2006. Copyright 2006 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. It is presented for educational purposes
More informationGEOTHERMAL HEATING AND COOLING INTRODUCTION
GEOTHERMAL HEATING AND COOLING INTRODUCTION Geothermal Heating and Cooling Systems provide space conditioning -- heating, cooling, and humidity control. They may also provide water heating -- either to
More informationHow a Ground Source Heat Pump Works for a School or College
How a Ground Source Heat Pump Works for a School or College Vertical System Image courtesy of Climate Master 1 Geothermal avoids the need for outdoor equipment..reducing vandalism and liability Image courtesy
More informationHow To Use A Water Source Heat Pump
Geothermal Energy Using Water-Source Heat Pumps By VIRSTAR Corporation Geothermal Expertise Since 1978 All information contained herein is the exclusive property of VIRSTAR Corporation, all rights reserved.
More informationDESIGN FOR A RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM
SUSTAINABLE LOUDOUN ENERGY SUMMIT DESIGN FOR A RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM Presenter: Bruce E. Beddow, PE Writer: Reto von Euw Design for a Renewable Energy System Table of Contents: Sustainability Study:
More informationHow Ground/Water Source Heat Pumps Work
How Ground/Water Source s Work Steve Kavanaugh, Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alabama Ground Source s (a.k.a. Geothermal s) are becoming more common as the costs of energy
More informationHybrid geothermal systems: less is more
Hybrid geothermal systems: less is more Lessons learned, impacts and tools IGSHPA Conference 2014 Scott Hackel Energy Center of Wisconsin www.ecw.org/hybrid Today s discussion The basics of the hybrid
More informationPOLK STATE COLLEGE CHILLER PLANT EVALUATION WINTER HAVEN, FLORIDA APRIL 2, 2014. C arastro & A ssociates, C&A# 5747
POLK STATE COLLEGE WINTER HAVEN, FLORIDA CHILLER PLANT EVALUATION APRIL 2, 2014 C&A# 5747 C arastro & A ssociates, c o n s u l t i n g e n g i n e e r s inc. 2609 W. De Leon Street, Tampa, Florida 33609
More informationDATA CENTER COOLING INNOVATIVE COOLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR YOUR DATA CENTER
DATA CENTER COOLING INNOVATIVE COOLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR YOUR DATA CENTER DATA CENTERS 2009 IT Emissions = Aviation Industry Emissions Nations Largest Commercial Consumers of Electric Power Greenpeace estimates
More informationMechanical Systems Proposal revised
Mechanical Systems Proposal revised Prepared for: Dr. William Bahnfleth, Professor The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Architectural Engineering Prepared by: Chris Nicolais Mechanical Option
More informationHybrid Geothermal Heat Pumps for Beachfront Hotel
The following article was published in ASHRAE Journal, September 2006. Copyright 2006 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. It is presented for educational purposes
More informationOptimization of a Hybrid Ground Source Heat Pump using the Response Surface Method
Optimization of a Hybrid Ground Source Heat Pump using the Response Surface Method Honghee Park 1, Wonuk Kim 1, Joo Seoung Lee 1 and Yongchan Kim 2* 1 Graduate School of Division of Mechanical Engineering,
More informationGeothermal Case Studies and Considerations
Geothermal Case Studies and Considerations Geothermal Air Conditioning: Eliminate your cooling tower! By Jay Egg Pumps and Exchangers Pinellas County Safety Complex: 1300 tons Geothermal Open Loop Application
More informationTechnical Description of the Stockton College Geothermal HVAC Retrofit
Technical Description of the Stockton College Geothermal HVAC Retrofit Harold E. Taylor *, Lynn F. Stiles and William Hemphill December 1997 ABSTRACT The need to replace old, worn out and obsolete Heating,
More informationOPTIMIZING CONDENSER WATER FLOW RATES. W. A. Liegois, P.E. Stanley Consultants, Inc. Muscatine, Iowa
OPTIMIZING CONDENSER WATER FLOW RATES W. A. Liegois, P.E. Stanley Consultants, Inc. Muscatine, Iowa T.A. Brown, P.E. Thermal Energy Corporation Houston, Texas ABSTRACT Most chillers are designed for a
More informationDevelopment of Design Guidelines for Hybrid Ground-Coupled Heat Pump Systems
Development of Design Guidelines for Hybrid Ground-Coupled Heat Pump Systems ASHRAE TRP-1384 Scott P. Hackel Under the supervision of Professors Greg Nellis and Sanford Klein and the University of Wisconsin
More informationWet Bulb Temperature and Its Impact on Building Performance
Wet Bulb Temperature and Its Impact on Building Performance By: Kurmit Rockwell, PE, CEM, LEED AP and Justin Lee, PE, LEED, AP BD+C Energy Solution Services, AtSite, Inc. 1 What is Wet Bulb Temperature?
More informationGEOTHERMAL HEATING APPLICATIONS FOR RESIDENTIAL HOMES
GEOTHERMAL HEATING APPLICATIONS FOR RESIDENTIAL HOMES GAGNON HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING RT. 302, P.O. BOX 814 BRIDGTON, ME 04009 207-647-8782 mainegeothermal.com GOODWIN WELL & WATER, INC. 2282 AUBURN
More informationBasic Design Considerations for Geothermal Heat Pump Systems
Basic Design Considerations for Geothermal Heat Pump Systems 2005 Tri-Service Infrastructure Systems Conference and Exhibition Gary Phetteplace US Army Engineer Research and Development Center Cold Regions
More informationMEETING AGENDA. Project Administrator:
MEETING AGENDA Project Administrator: To: Ann Green M. Baker, SLCS C. Bullinger, SLCS R. Clark, SLCS Board C. Cox, SLCS S. Dotinga, Granger J. Graham, SLCS J. Gusick, SLCS, Board C. Hanshaw, SLCS Board
More informationGEOTHERMAL POTENTIAL OF ABANDONED UNDERGROUND MINES IN OHIO
GEOTHERMAL POTENTIAL OF ABANDONED UNDERGROUND MINES IN OHIO Benefits of Geothermal Heat Pumps Reduce energy consumption and emissions conserving fossil fuels. Greater than 40% more efficient than air-source
More informationSustainability: Geothermal Energy for Sherman Hospital
Sustainability: Geothermal Energy for Sherman Hospital Sherman Hospital: Why Geothermal? Complete replacement hospital and campus redevelopment Located in Elgin, Illinois 255-bed facility 645,000 SF $201.4
More informationLearn How to Build a Multi Family Apartment Buildings in Madison Wisconsin
Hybrid geothermal systems: less is more Lessons learned, impacts and tools Scott Hackel Energy Center of Wisconsin shackel@ecw.org www.ecw.org/hybrid What s on your screen? Polls (pie chart icon) Questions
More informationEvaporative Cooling for Residential and Light-Commercial
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES This article was published in ASHRAE Journal, October 2011. Copyright 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Posted at www.ashrae.org.
More informationULTRA-EFFICIENT HVAC DESIGN AND CONTROL
CASE STUDY ULTRA-EFFICIENT HVAC DESIGN AND CONTROL MAJOR HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR- CONDITIONING REPLACEMENT AT THE COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO CRIME LAB December 30, 2005 8520 Tech Way, Suite 110 San Diego,
More informationRules of Thumb Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Energy Efficiency in Buildings Energy Savings Cost Savings Increased Productivity Economic Development Other Standard lighting retrofits: $0.90-$1.20 per square foot. High-efficiency packaged and split
More informationDesign and Implementation of Geothermal Systems for Heating and Air Conditioning
, 23-25 October, 2013, San Francisco, USA Design and Implementation of Geothermal Systems for Heating and Air Conditioning M. Fathizadeh, Daniel Seim Abstract--Geothermal is the Earth s thermal energy.
More informationEnclosed Football Stadium Design History and Lessons Learned
Enclosed Football Stadium Design History and Lessons Learned Robert L. Towell, P.E., LEED AP, QCxP btowell@cxegroup.com CxE Group LLC St. Louis, Missouri 314-436-6543 With thanks to the St. Louis Convention
More informationGeothermal Energy. How it Works
Geothermal Energy The Ocean Pines Association Board of Directors asked the OPA Environment and Natural Assets Advisory Committee (ENAAC) to provide information about how geothermal energy could be useful
More informationThe New Data Center Cooling Paradigm The Tiered Approach
Product Footprint - Heat Density Trends The New Data Center Cooling Paradigm The Tiered Approach Lennart Ståhl Amdahl, Cisco, Compaq, Cray, Dell, EMC, HP, IBM, Intel, Lucent, Motorola, Nokia, Nortel, Sun,
More informationExample Retrocommissioning Measure: Opening Throttled Discharge Valves
Opening Throttled Discharge Valves This 21-story building, constructed in 1997, is located in Oregon and contains 589,000 gross square feet of mostly office occupancy. The HVAC system includes six large
More informationBelow are detailed instructions for using the EMS load calculator.
Introduction The EMS load calculator is designed to make load calculating as painless as possible. For sizing the equipment, only the first three tabs (Steps 1, 2 & 3) need to be completed. This process
More informationGEOTHERMAL POWER GENERATION A PRIMER ON LOW-TEMPERATURE, SMALL-SCALE APPLICATIONS
GEOTHERMAL POWER GENERATION A PRIMER ON LOW-TEMPERATURE, SMALL-SCALE APPLICATIONS by Kevin Rafferty Geo-Heat Center January 2000 REALITY CHECK Owners of low-temperature geothermal resources are often interested
More informationGSHP Design Recommendations- Residential & Light Commercial
GSHP Design Recommendations- Residential & Light Commercial These residential closed- loop ground source heat pump (a.k.a geothermal or groundcoupled heat pumps) design guidelines were developed in conjunction
More informationHeat Recovery Dehumidification (HRD) system. Designed for municipal swimming pools
Heat Recovery Dehumidification (HRD) system Designed for municipal swimming pools A dehumidification and ventilation system with dynamic heat pump heat recovery to swimming pool water and air ENVIRONMENTAL
More informationTransmission System Total Cost of Ownership
Transmission System Total Cost of Ownership February 2013 Featuring GatesAir s Geoff Mendenhall Technology Advisor Copyright 2015 GatesAir, Inc. All rights reserved. Transmission System - Total Cost of
More informationPassive & Active Design
Passive & Active Design CIBSE Building Simulations Group Peter A. Brown CEng, MBA October 2010 Introduction Passive & Active Design Introduction What are the interactions between passive and active design?
More informationCURBING THE COST OF DATA CENTER COOLING. Charles B. Kensky, PE, LEED AP BD+C, CEA Executive Vice President Bala Consulting Engineers
CURBING THE COST OF DATA CENTER COOLING Charles B. Kensky, PE, LEED AP BD+C, CEA Executive Vice President Bala Consulting Engineers OVERVIEW Compare Cooling Strategies in Free- Standing and In-Building
More informationGEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP OVERVIEW Presentation to REGBEE/ACORE
GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP OVERVIEW Presentation to REGBEE/ACORE Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Geothermal Energy - Energy efficiency - Hot rocks geysers - Heating and cooling - Deep drilling to harness steam
More informationThe ASHRAE HQ Building Can the energy efficiency of the different mechanical systems really be compared? RESIDENTIAL LIGHT COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL
The ASHRAE HQ Building Can the energy efficiency of the different mechanical systems really be compared? RESIDENTIAL LIGHT COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL Technical Article April 2013 The ASHRAE HQ Building Can
More informationOur Deep Geothermal Energy Potential: A Case Study in Saskatchewan with Application Throughout the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin
Our Deep Geothermal Energy Potential: A Case Study in Saskatchewan with Application Throughout the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin Introduction Deep geothermal energy relates to the heat-energy stored
More informationThermal Coupling Of Cooling and Heating Systems
This article was published in ASHRAE Journal, February 2011. Copyright 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Posted at www.ashrae.org. This article may not
More informationGround Source Heat Pumps The Fundamentals. Southington, Connecticut 860 628 4622 John F. Sima III P.E.
Ground Source Heat Pumps The Fundamentals Southington, Connecticut 860 628 4622 John F. Sima III P.E. Winter/Spring 2010 Ground Source Heat Pumps The Fundamentals TOPICS: Heat Pump Terminology Basic Physics
More informationElements of Energy Efficiency in Data Centre Cooling Architecture
Elements of Energy Efficiency in Data Centre Cooling Architecture Energy Efficient Data Center Cooling 1 STULZ Group of Companies Turnover 2006 Plastics Technology 400 Mio A/C Technology 200 Mio Total
More informationInnovent LASER Packaged Fresh Air Conditioning Units
LASER Latent And Sensible Energy Reduction Latent And Sensible Energy Reduction For Outside Air Innovent LASER Packaged Fresh Air Conditioning Units Innovent LASER units provide both sensible and latent
More informationZhao et al. 2.2 Experimental Results in Winter Season The analysis given below was based on the data collected from Nov. 2003 to Mar. 15, 2004.
Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2005 Antalya, Turkey, 24-29 April 2005 A Case Study of Ground Source Heat Pump System in China Jun Zhao, Chuanshan Dai, Xinguo Li, Qiang Zhu and Lixin Li College of
More informationTechnology Installation Review
DOE/EE-0258 Assessment of Hybrid Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Geothermal heat pumps offer attractive choice for space conditioning and water heating Introduction The purpose of this Technology Installation
More informationXcel Business Customers: Program and Rebate Summary
Xcel Business Customers: Program and Rebate Summary Rebates for New Energy-Efficient Equipment Xcel offers prescriptive rebates to its business customers. What s a prescriptive rebate? It simply means
More informationapv heat exchanger APV ParaFlow Plate Heat Exchangers
apv heat exchanger APV ParaFlow Plate Heat Exchangers For HVAC Applications SPX offers an extensive portfolio of plate heat exchanges covering many industrial applications. Regularly SPX heat exchangers
More informationGeothermal: The Clean Energy Secret May 7, 2008
Geothermal: The Clean Energy Secret May 7, 2008 Published by Dr. Patrick Moore in conjunction with the New York Affordable Reliable Electricity Alliance (New York AREA) Geothermal: The Clean Energy Secret
More informationVariable Refrigerant Flow Systems vs. Geothermal Water Source Heat Pump Systems
Variable Refrigerant Flow Systems vs. Geothermal Water Source Heat Pump Systems Presented by: Matt Green Agenda Section I: Case Study Northern Illinois Food Bank NIFB challenge/goal System choices considered
More informationWATER-SOURCE HEAT PUMPS*
CHAPTER 62, ARTICLE X, DIVISION 7. WATER-SOURCE HEAT PUMPS* * Editors Note: At the request of the county, Ord. No. 85-33, adopted Oct. 8, 1985, has been included in this Code. As the ordinance was not
More informationSecond Place: Industrial Facilities or Processes, New
Second Place: Industrial Facilities or Processes, New Photo: Paul Howell Texas Medical Center in Houston is the largest medical center in North America. It has a chilled water system of 160,000 tons. Big
More informationForty-one miles of submerged coils that heat and cool a high school of 2,400 students.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Architects: Bray Associates Architects, Inc., Sheboygan, Wisconsin Energy consultant: CDH Energy Corporation, Evansville, Wisconsin Energy management system: J&H Controls, Inc., Fond du
More informationHOME HEATING USING GEOTHERMAL ENERGY. An introduction to using ground sourced central heating in New Zealand
HOME HEATING USING GEOTHERMAL ENERGY An introduction to using ground sourced central heating in New Zealand Introduction The purpose of this guide is to give the end user the basic information required
More informationWater cooled chiller plant (cp/vs)
Data Center Water cooled chiller plant (cp/vs) Design Envelope File No: 9.573 Date: december 16, 2014 Supersedes: 9.573 Date: november 14, 2014 design envelope s performance improvements are among the
More informationMECHANICAL PROJECT PROPOSAL
PSUAE MECHANICAL PROJECT PROPOSAL REDESIGN PROJECT Nicholas B Scheib 2010 M e c h a n i c a l O p t i o n - IP Table of Contents Executive Summary... 2 Project Summary... 3 Existing Mechanical System Summary...
More informationGeothermal Ice Arenas
Geothermal Ice Arenas For more information, call: Ltd. 41 St. Paul Blvd. West St. Paul, MB R2P 2W5 Ph: (204) 255-5959 Fax: (204) 255-7365 Email: edlohrenz@shaw.ca Website: www.icekubeheat.com ICE Ice KUBE
More informationGas Absorption Heat Pumps. Future proofing your heating and hot water
Gas Absorption Heat Pumps Future proofing your heating and hot water Gas Absorption Heat Pumps 1 Contents Gas Absorption Heat Pumps (GAHPs) The heating solution What is a Gas Absorption Heat Pump? How
More informationSustainable Energy and Resource Saving Concepts for HVAC/Process/Water/Wastewater. Thomas H. (Tom) Durkin, PE Dr. Glenn Krueger, EdD Bob Jacobi
Sustainable Energy and Resource Saving Concepts for HVAC/Process/Water/Wastewater Thomas H. (Tom) Durkin, PE Dr. Glenn Krueger, EdD Bob Jacobi Kankakee Valley High School 25% energy reduction $112,462/Yr
More informationConsumers Energy Business Solutions. Commercial and Industrial Energy Efficiency Program April 18, 2013
1 Consumers Energy Business Solutions Commercial and Industrial Energy Efficiency Program April 18, 2013 Ralph Huston Energy Advisor Consumers Energy Business Solutions 3965 Okemos Rd. Ste. A-1 Okemos,
More informationRittal White Paper 508: Economized Data Center Cooling Defining Methods & Implementation Practices By: Daniel Kennedy
Rittal White Paper 508: Economized Data Center Cooling Defining Methods & Implementation Practices By: Daniel Kennedy Executive Summary Data center owners and operators are in constant pursuit of methods
More information1. What percent of a commercial business s energy usage comes from their HVAC system? A. 13% B. 23% C. 33% D. 43% E. 53%
1 1. What percent of a commercial business s energy usage comes from their HVAC system? A. 13% B. 23% C. 33% D. 43% E. 53% 2. How much money do commercial facilities spend per square foot on energy costs
More informationEVALUATION OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY AS HEAT SOURCE OF DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS IN TIANJIN, CHINA
EVALUATION OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY AS HEAT SOURCE OF DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS IN TIANJIN, CHINA Jingyu Zhang, Xiaoti Jiang, Jun Zhou, and Jiangxiong Song Tianjin University, North China Municipal Engineering
More informationVerizon SMARTS Data Center Design Phase 1 Conceptual Study Report Ms. Leah Zabarenko Verizon Business 2606A Carsins Run Road Aberdeen, MD 21001
Verizon SMARTS Data Center Design Phase 1 Conceptual Study Report Ms. Leah Zabarenko Verizon Business 2606A Carsins Run Road Aberdeen, MD 21001 Presented by: Liberty Engineering, LLP 1609 Connecticut Avenue
More informationASHRAE Rocky Mountain Chapter. RickPhillips Phillips, P.E., PE LEED AP Senior Mechanical Engineer The RMH Group, Inc.
ASHRAE Rocky Mountain Chapter Evaporative Cooling RickPhillips Phillips, P.E., PE LEED AP Senior Mechanical Engineer The RMH Group, Inc. April 19, 2013 1 Fundamentals Dry Bulb Temperature Wet Bulb Temperature
More informationENHANCED LABORATORY HVAC SYSTEM
ENHANCED LABORATORY HVAC SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Since the early 1980's the attention to more energy efficient laboratory designs has been on the rise due to the increase in energy cost and the emergence of
More informationPresentation Outline. Common Terms / Concepts HVAC Building Blocks. Links. Plant Level Building Blocks. Air Distribution Building Blocks
Presentation Outline Common Terms / Concepts HVAC Building Blocks Plant Level Building Blocks Description / Application Data Green opportunities Selection Criteria Air Distribution Building Blocks same
More informationCAREY L. STECKLER HIGHLAND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ADVISOR: DR. RILEY TECHNICAL ASSIGNMENT 3 15 NOVEMBER 2004 CONTENTS
CAREY L. STECKLER HIGHLAND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ADVISOR: DR. RILEY TECHNICAL ASSIGNMENT 3 15 NOVEMBER 2004 CONTENTS A. SUMMARY... 1 B. SITE LAYOUT PLANNING... 2 C. TEMPORARY UTILITIES... 2 D. DETAILED SYSTEMS
More informationChapter 2 Practical Approach in Design of HVAC Systems Utilizing Geothermal Energy
Chapter 2 Practical Approach in Design of HVAC Systems Utilizing Geothermal Energy M. Fathizadeh and D. Seims Abstract Geothermal is the Earth s thermal energy. In recent years geothermal energy has been
More informationDesign guidelines for hybrid boiler systems.
Design guidelines for hybrid boiler systems. The first element of designing a hybrid boiler system is to employ a multiple boiler control that incorporates both an outdoor reset function and the ability
More informationEnergy Efficiency in New and Existing Data Centers-Where the Opportunities May Lie
Energy Efficiency in New and Existing Data Centers-Where the Opportunities May Lie Mukesh Khattar, Energy Director, Oracle National Energy Efficiency Technology Summit, Sep. 26, 2012, Portland, OR Agenda
More informationICE THERMAL STORAGE IN AIR CONDITIONING APPLICATION FUNDAMENTALS
ICE THERMAL STORAGE IN AIR CONDITIONING APPLICATION FUNDAMENTALS By: T. S. Wan Date: April 19, 1994 (1st draft 3/7/86) Copyright 1994 by T. S. Wan (All rights reserved) ABSTRACT: The technology of energy
More informationSerenbe Green Geothermal Solutions with Bosch Thermotechnology
Serenbe Green Geothermal Solutions with Bosch Thermotechnology Geothermal Heating and Cooling boschheatingandcooling.com C1 Residential Geothermal Heat Pumps The Bosch Complete Solution The Serenbe Community,
More informationRENOVATION. Performance Contract to Fund Change
The geothermal well field for Eastern Elementary lies between a soybean field and the school s parking lot. Engineers were able to reuse the piping from the old cooling tower to connect the wells to the
More informationSubtropical Cities September 2006. Design for Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings in Queensland
Subtropical Cities September 2006 Design for Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings in Queensland Contents Typical Building Constraints & Requirements Understanding Energy Consumption in Buildings HVAC
More informationThe sample report format is applicable to many different building types and systems and the examples provided cover a variety of applications.
Purpose Power Smart s Minimum Requirements for an Energy Study (see Appendix) provides a comprehensive list of the basic elements which must be included in an Energy Study Report. The intent of this sample
More informationPharmaceutical central utility plants
Reprinted from PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING The Official Magazine of ISPE May/June 2011, Vol. 31 No. 3 www.ispe.org Copyright ISPE 2011 This article presents annual energy savings of more than $600,000 per
More informationCase Study: Innovative Energy Efficiency Approaches in NOAA s Environmental Security Computing Center in Fairmont, West Virginia
Case Study: Innovative Energy Efficiency Approaches in NOAA s Environmental Security Computing Center in Fairmont, West Virginia Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy s Federal Energy Management Program
More informationNordic Heat Pump Product Guide
Nordic Heat Pump Product Guide About Maritime Geothermal Maritime Geothermal is a privately owned, Canadian based manufacturer of geothermal heat pumps. We began manufacturing the Nordic line of heat pumps
More informationTaco Hydronic System Solutions Quick Start Guide
QUICK START GUIDE Taco Hydronic System Solutions Quick Start Guide Contents Help Resources...3 Introduction...4 Taco Hydronic System Solutions Work Screen Introduction...5 The basics...6 Getting Started
More informationGEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMPS - TRENDS AND COMPARISONS - John W. Lund Geo-Heat Center
GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMPS - TRENDS AND COMPARISONS - John W. Lund Geo-Heat Center Heat pumps are used where geothermal water or ground temperatures are only slightly above normal, generally 50 to 90 o F. Conventional
More informationDynamic Simulation of a Variable-Speed Ground-Coupled Liquid Desiccant Air-Conditioner for Use in Subtropical Regions
Dynamic Simulation of a Variable-Speed Ground-Coupled Liquid Desiccant Air-Conditioner for Use in Subtropical Regions C. K. Lee and H. N. Lam Abstract The dynamic performance of a novel variable-speed
More informationOverview. PG&E and Energy Efficiency. CA Energy Efficiency Regulatory & Policy Roadmap. Financing Options for Efficiency & Demand Response
Overcoming Financial Barriers to Energy Efficiency April 6, 2010 Overview PG&E and Energy Efficiency CA Energy Efficiency Regulatory & Policy Roadmap Financing Options for Efficiency & Demand Response
More informationGeothermal Heat Pumps in Agricultural Applications
Geothermal Heat Pumps in Agricultural Applications Oregon Geothermal Working Group Meeting May 17, 2006 Alternative Farming Center, Johnson County, Tennessee Andrew Chiasson Geo-Heat Center Oregon Institute
More informationSea Water Heat Pump Project
Sea Water Heat Pump Project Alaska SeaLife Center, Seward, AK Presenter: Andy Baker, PE, YourCleanEnergy LLC Also Present is ASLC Operations Manager: Darryl Schaefermeyer ACEP Rural Energy Conference Forum
More informationPreliminary Final Proposal
1 Butler Memorial Hospital New Inpatient Tower Senior Capstone Project Mechanical Option Preliminary Final Proposal Mechanical System Re-design and Breadth Topics Butler Memorial Hospital New Inpatient
More informationTo find out more about installing a heat pump call 0300 123 1234 or visit energysavingtrust.org.uk
A buyer s guide to heat pumps To find out more about installing a heat pump call 0300 123 1234 or visit energysavingtrust.org.uk What are heat pumps? Heat pumps extract available heat from a natural source
More informationHEATING, VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING
HEATING, VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING as part of the Energy Efficiency Information Grants Program Heating and cooling can account for approximately 23 % of energy use in pubs and hotels 1. Reducing heating
More informationCommissioning - Construction Documents (Page 1 of 6)
Commissioning - Construction Documents (Page 1 of 6) A. General Information Climate Zone: Building Type: Conditioned Area (sf): Reviewer's Name: Reviewer's Agency: Note: Design Review for each system/subsystem
More informationDefining Quality. Building Comfort. Precision. Air Conditioning
Defining Quality. Building Comfort. Precision Air Conditioning Today s technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air
More informationUtilization of Closed Loop Geothermal Heat Pumps at Verizon Wireless Cellular Towers
UtilizationofClosedLoopGeothermalHeat PumpsatVerizonWirelessCellularTowers BrandonLaBrozzi EdDodge JeffersonTester July9,2010 InConjunctionWith: SchoolofChemicalandBiomolecularEngineering And CornellEnergyInstitute
More information