Integrated rice shrimp as a smart strategy to cope with climate change in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Transcription

1 Integrated rice shrimp as a smart strategy to cope with climate change in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Trinh Q. Tu 1, Tran V. Nhuong 2, Phan T. Lam 3 1 Aquaculture No.1, Vietnam 2 WorldFish, Penang, Malaysia 3 Aquaculture No.2, Vietnam Montpellier March 16 18, 2015

2 Outline 1. Introduction 2. Methodology 3. Results 4. Conclusions & recommendations

3 Introduction The MD extents 4.0mil.ha, is the country s rice bowl & fish baket Rice & aqua. constitute a major part of diet and livelihoods and for export. Rice : > 54 % of the country s total Aqua: > 72 % (GSO 2011) + Shrimp: 94 %

4 Introduction Among three most vulnerable deltas to impacts of CC & SLR (UNDP 2011; Francisco 2011) o 1m SLR: flooding 39% of area; affecting 35% of the pop. The need for more sustainable approach: o Increases productivity & resilience o Reduces GHGs emission o Enhances national food security &dev. goals

5 Introduction Integrated agri aqua are widespread in the MD SR started in 1960s, increased substantially since the 1980s. Shrimp culture in dry season Rice cultivation in wet season ,57 89,50 Shrimp rice area (ha) 381,19 86,23 391,22 118,01 410,79 111,80 413,92 143,00 130,76 Other shrimp area (ha) ,59 422,96 134,31 415,99 168,63 393,66 160,33 402,91 163,57

6 Introduction Study objectives: Evaluate the potential of Integrated shrimprice practice as a CSA to cope with CC. Research questions: What is perforemace of SR production?; To what extent do SR contribute to rural HH s income/food security, resilience & mitigation to to CC?

7 Methodology Study site: My Xuyen dist., Soc Trang prov. 2FGDs + 1 SW My Xuyen District HH survey in 9 communes (2014)

8 Methodology Surveyed commune Farming type Shrimp-rice Mono-shrimp Total Gia Hoa Gia Hoa Hoa Tu Hoa Tu Ngoc Dong Ngoc To Tham Don Thanh Phu Thanh Quoi Total

9 Results Historical development Mono rice Intensified mono shrimp (30%) Keep shrimprice system Species shifted Before Shrimp rice practice Mono shrimp & Rice shrimp areas Disease outbreak Move to shrimp rice Keep shrimp rice rice system Disease outbreak

10 Results Crop calendar Shrimp rice 1S(T) + 1R 2S(W) + 1R Mono shrimp 2S (T) 3S (W) J F M A M J J A S O N D RR R R RR R R

11 Results Culture species [CATE GORY NAME ], [PERC ENT [CATE GORY NAME ], [PERC ENT [CATE GORY NAME ], [PERC ENT [CATE GORY NAME ], [PERC ENT [CATE GORY NAME [CATE ], GORY [PERC NAME ENT ], [PERC ENT Mono Shrimp Shrimp rice

12 Results Production performance Farming type Shrimp-rice Mono-Shrimp M Std. Dev M Std. Dev Shrimp area (ha) Rice area (are) Shrimp stocking density (ind. m -2 ) Shrimp yield (kg ha -1 ) , Rice yield (kg ha -1 ) 5, ,

13 Results Production income Net profits (VND mil./hh/year) N Mean Std. Deviation Shrimp Shrimp rice Mono Shrimp Rice Shrimp rice Mono Shrimp 62 Total Shrimp rice Mono Shrimp Total

14 Results HH s income share 80 70,59 83, Shrimp Livestock Crop Rice Hired labor Other ,59 4,43 3,03 0,55 10,81 4,62 1,95 10,21 Shrimp rice Mono shrimp

15 Results Contribute to reduce GHG emission Input use (vnd.000/kg) N Mean Std. Deviation Petrol Shrimp rice Mono shrimp Chemicals Electricity Shrimp rice Mono shrimp Shrimp rice Mono shrimp Total

16 Results Contribution to reduce GHG emission Estimated by officer Survey Total revenue Total costs (VND mil./ha) Chemicals/Fetilizers (VND mil./ha) Total benefits(vnd mil./ha)

17 Results CSA perception Q: Evaluate the SMART ability of the SR system to response to impacts of CC (likert scale from 1 5) : 1= Not at all to 5 = Very much CSA_Q1 Increase HH s income CSA_Q2 Increase HH s food production CSA_Q3 Reduce risks from CC & disease outbreak CSA_Q4 Increase resilience & reproduction CSA_Q5 Reduce use of chemicals & fertilizers CSA_Q6 Reduce soild degradation CSA_Q7 Reduce water pollution

18 Results CSA perception Shrimp rice Mono shrimp Total (N=64) (N=62) (N=126) CSA_Q CSA_Q CSA_Q CSA_Q CSA_Q CSA_Q CSA_Q Cronbach's Alpha

19 Conclusions Economics: Better financial security Food security for the farm HH Environment: Less use of chemicals & fertilizers Reduce soil degradation & water pollution Social issue: Reduce inequality

20 Recommendations Detailed planning for SR area, including infrastructure development. Research on high salinity tolerance rice Formation of associations/cooperatives Increase awareness on CC & its impacts

21 Thank you!