Projection fibres- Internal capsule
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1 INTERNAL CAPSULE
2 Projection fibres- Internal capsule
3 DEFINITION Projection fibres (white matter) between caudate nucleus and thalamus medially lentiform nucleus laterally
4 Internal Capsule- A compact bundle of fibres through which the large collections of fibres pass, including- Thalamocortical fibres Corticothalamic fibres Corticopontine fibres Corticobulbar fibres Corticospinal fibres
5 The fibres project from the cerebral cortex to the various nuclei of the extrapyramidal system (e.g., the putamen and caudate nucleus). It is a continuous sheet of fibres that forms the medial boundary of the lenticular nucleus. It continues around posteriorly and inferiorly to partially envelop this nucleus. Inferiorly, many of the fibres of the internal capsule funnel into the cerebral peduncles.
6 Superiorly, the fibres fan out into the corona radiata. Here, they travel in the cerebral white matter to reach their cortical origins or destinations. The internal capsule is divided into 5 regions: The anterior limb is the portion between the lenticular nucleus and the head of the caudate nucleus; The posterior limb is the portion between the lenticular nucleus and the thalamus; The genu is the portion at the junction of the above 2 parts and is adjacent to the interventricular foramen; The retrolenticular part is the portion posterior to the lenticular nucleus; The sublenticular part is the portion inferior to the lenticular nucleus.
7 Portion Description Origin Destination Anterior Limb Anterior thalamic Anterior nucleus Cingulate gyrus radiation DM Prefrontal cortex Genu Posterior Limb Retrolenticular Relays to motor areas 1. Motor pathways: o o Corticospinal tract Corticobulbar tract 2. Somatosensory relays Association relay VA VL 1. Motor cortex 2. VPL/VPM Pulvinar Premotor cortex Primary motor cortex 1. Motor pathways: o o Spinal cord Brainstem 2. Somatosensory relays: o Primary somatosentory cortex Association cortex Optic radiation LGN Visual cortex Sublenticular Optic radiation LGN Visual cortex Auditory radiation MGN Auditory cortex
8 Portion Descending fibres Ascending fibres Radiations Anterior Limb Frontopontine Frontothalamic Thalamofrontal Anterior thalamic radiation Genu Posterior Limb Frontopontine Corticonuclear Fibres carrying somaesthetic sensations from thalamus (VP nu.) to postcentral gyrus Frontopontine Corticospinal Corticorubral Corticoreticular Parietothalamic Thalamoparietal fibres Subthalamic fasciculus Superior or Dorsal thalamic radiation Retrolenticular Parietopontine Occipitopontine Corticorubral Occipitothalamic Optic radiation Thalamo-occipital Thalamo-parietal Posterior or Caudal thalamic radiation Sublenticular Parietopontine Temporopontine Temporothalamic Acoustic radiation Thalamotemporal Inferior thalamic radiation
9 CAUDATE NUCLEUS Internal capsule External capsule Globus palidus LENTIFORM NUCLEUS Extreme capsule Putamen THALAMUS CLAUSTRUM
10
11 Parts of internal capsule Caudate nucleus Anterior limb Genu Thalamus Lentiform nucleus Sublentiform Thalamocortical fibres Corticopontine fibres Corticonuclear & corticospinal fibres Posterior limb Retrolentiform
12 Types of fibres Thalamic radiation Superior thalamic radiation Anterior thalamic radiation Posterior thalamic radiation- Inferior thalamic radiation- Corticospinal Corticonuclear Corticopontine Fronto pontine Parieto pontine Temporo pontine Extrapyramidal Anterior Superior Inferior Posterior
13 Thalamic radiation Thalamocortical fibres Thalamic nuclei -project to ipsilateral cerebral cortex (except for reticular nucleus) Reach neocortex Located entirely within internal capsule Superior-from ventral nucleus Becomes corona radiata Anterior-from anterior & medial nuclei Posterior-from optic radiation Inferior-from auditory radiation
14 ANTERIOR LIMB Anterior thalamic radiation Frontopontine GENU Part of superior thalamic radiation Frontopontine Corticonuclear POSTERIOR LIMB Superior thalamic radiation Frontopontine Corticonuclear (corticobulbar) Corticospinal Extrapyrimidal RETROLENTIFORM Post thalamic radiation - Optic radiation Parieto-pontine Temporo-pontine SUBLENTIFORM Inf thalamic radiation - Auditory radiation Thalamocortical fibres Corticopontine fibres Corticonuclear & corticospinal fibres
15 BLOOD SUPPLY Lateral striate fr middle cerebral artery Ant limb Genu Post limb Basal ganglia Medial striate fr anterior cerebral artery Ant limb Genu Basal ganglia Ant choroidal fr internal carotid Post limb Retrolenticular part HORIZONTAL SECTION
16 CORONAL SECTION Lenticulostriate arteries Internal capsule Anterior cerebral artery Medialstriate arteries Middle cerebral artery Internal carotid artery
17 CORONAL SECTION Lateral striate -MCA Medial striate ACA Left middle cerebral artery Right middle cerebral artery
18 ANTERIOR LIMB Ant cerebral artery through medial striate br. Middle cerebral artery through lateral striate and lenticulostriate br. - pass through the lentiform N to supply the striate
19 GENU Ant cerebral artery through medial striate br. Middle cerebral artery through lateral striate and lenticulostriate br. Branches of internal carotid artery
20 CORONAL SECTION Lenticulostriate arteries Internal capsule Anterior cerebral artery Medialstriate arteries Middle cerebral artery Internal carotid artery
21 POSTERIOR LIMB Middle cerebral artery through lateral striate and lenticulostriate br. Charcot s artery of cerebral haemorrhage Anterior choroidal artery, direct branch of internal carotid artery Long and slender, thus has tendency to get thrombosis
22 INTERNAL CAPSULE CAUDATE NUCLEUS Globus palidus LENTIFORM NUCLEUS Putamen THALAMUS CLAUSTRUM
23 EXTERNAL CAPSULE CAUDATE NUCLEUS Globus palidus LENTIFORM NUCLEUS Putamen Projection fibres from cerebral cortex to basal ganglia and midbrain THALAMUS CLAUSTRUM
24 APPLIED ANATOMY Microaneurysm to lenticulostriate arteries - contralateral side of the body Hemiplegia Impaired sensation Paralysis of lower half of face Thrombosis recurrent br of ACA contralateral side of the body Upper limb Paralysis of lower half of face Anterior choroidal artery may be symptomless collateral circulation
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