Science of Glass. Grade Levels: Concepts: Objectives: Ohio s New Learning Standards: Sixth Grade.

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1 Science of Glass Grade Levels: Sixth Grade Concepts: States of Matter Physical and Chemical Change History of Glass Objectives: Students will discover the states of matter and how materials, such as water (or glass) can change state, how the atoms inside matter reactions and how the motion of matter affects glass. Ohio s New Learning Standards: Grade Six Grade Band Theme: Order and Organization Strand Connections: All matter is made of small particles called atoms. The properties of matter are based on the order and organization of atoms and molecules. Cells, minerals, rocks and soil are all examples of matter. Earth and Space Science Topic: Rocks, Minerals and Soil Content Statement: Minerals have specific, quantifiable properties. Content Statement: Rocks, minerals and soils have common and practical uses. Physical Science Topic: Matter and Motion Content Statement: All matter is made up of small particles called atoms. 1

2 Content Statement: Changes of state are explained by a model of matter composed of atoms and/or molecules that are in motion. Classroom Connections: Either before of after your visit The Works recommends that you investigate these words, phrases, cultures and locations in your classroom. Matter Mass Atoms Solid Liquid Gas Melting Vaporization Condensation Freezing Super Cooled Liquid Obsidian Fulgurites Mesopotamia Egypt Roman Empire Mass Production Silica Prohibition Literacy Links: Branse, J. L.. A day in the life of a colonial glassblower. New York: Powerkids Press, Print. Cobb, Benjamin, and Susan Linn. Kids Design Glass. Tacoma: Museum of Glass, Print. Glassigator. Toledo, Ohio: Toledo Museum Of Art, Print. Zoehfeld, Kathleen Weidner, and Paul Meisel. What is the world made of?: all about solids, liquids, and gases. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Print. Extensions at The Works: Glassblowing Studio Visit the glassblowing studio to see glass in a whole new way. 2 nd Floor History Exhibits Discover the history behind glass as an industry and why it was important to the development of Licking County. 2

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4 Science of Glass Pre Visit Activities Exploring States of Matter Objective: Students will learn the states of matter through hands-on exploration and how materials can change when combined. Materials: 20oz Bottle Funnels Measuring Cup Measuring Spoon Baking Soda Vinegar Procedure: 1. Teach students to identify each state of matter (solid, liquid and gas). 2. Measure out 2 tablespoons of baking soda. 3. Using the funnel place 2 tablespoons of baking soda into the balloon. 4. Measure out ¼ cup of vinegar. 5. Add ¼ cup of vinegar to the 20oz bottle. 6. Carefully place neck of balloon over the neck of the bottle. 7. While holding onto the neck of the bottle lift the balloon upright allowing the baking powder to combine with the vinegar. 8. Have students make observations about what happened and discuss what changed. What Happened? Students will see all three states of matter and be able to identify when a chemical change has occurred. 4

5 Rule Breakers Objective: Students will learn the states that not all materials behave the way we expect and discuss why those differences occur. Materials: Large Container Rubber Mallet Measuring Cup Measuring Spoon Cornstarch Water Procedure: 1. Teach students about how each type of matter behaves. 2. Add two parts cornstarch and one part water to the large container. 3. Mix cornstarch together in a liquid, called oobleck. 4. Gently move the container to show students that oobleck is indeed a liquid and can move and flow. 5. Pick up the rubber mallet and ask students what will happen if you hit the oobleck with the mallet. 6. Hit the oobleck with the hammer. What Happened? Students will see that though oobleck, a nonnewtonian fluid, appears to be a liquid it does not react like a liquid when struck. Some materials don t follow the rules. When treated roughly oobleck acts like a solid but when treated gently it acts like a solid. 5

6 Science of Glass Post Visit Activities Edible Glass Objective: Students will discover the states of matter and the process through which glass is melted and turned into works of art. Materials: Saucepan Hot Plate Measuring Cups Measuring Spoons Pie Pan Brush Water Light Corn Syrup Sugar Cooking Oil Procedure: 1. In a saucepan, bring ½ cup of water to a boil. 2. Add 1 cup sugar and 4 teaspoons of corn syrup. 3. Return to boil. 4. Cover and boil over medium high heat for 8 minutes. 5. Meanwhile, brush a pie pan with cooking oil. 6. After 8 minutes remove the saucepan from heat and pour contents into pie pan. 7. Refrigerate until hardened. 8. After refrigeration, pop the sugar glass out of the pie pan. What Happened? Students will see that sugar, like glass, can be changed from a solid to a liquid when heat is applied, can be shaped in it s liquid form and then frozen back into a solid state by placing in a cool environment. 6