Flow measurement using Wire-Mesh Sensor technique
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1 Flow measurement using Wire-Mesh Sensor technique Dr. Arto Ylönen / LUT Nordic-Gen4 Seminar September 4-5, 2014 Lappeenranta, Finland
2 Contents Introduction Applications of Wire-Mesh Sensor technique Examples of single- and two-phase flow measurements from SUBFLOW test facility (PSI, Switzerland) Examples of two-phase flow measurements from HIPE test facility (LUT) New developments Summary Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 2
3 Introduction State-of-the-art Wire-Mesh Sensor was developed by Prasser et al. (1998) Wire-Mesh Sensor was commercialized by Teletronic Rossendorf GmbH The measurement technique is based on the measurement of conductivity of fluid between the two layers of wires (transmitters and receivers) Technique can be applied to study single- and two-phase flows when participating fluids have measurably different electrical conductivities Single-phase flow (Demineralized water vs. Tap water) Two-phase flow (Water vs. Gas) Quite recently, Wire-Mesh Sensor based on the measurement of permeability of the fluid was developed to study non-conductive fluids Example: Oil-Gas two-phase flow Various Wire-Mesh Sensors have been designed and constructed over the years to study different flows Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 3
4 Wire-Mesh Sensor (WMS) technique Maximum measurement frequency (WMS200): frames/s Maximum sensor size (WMS200): wires Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 4
5 Wire-Mesh Sensor (WMS) technique Conversion of raw measurement values: Dimensionless mixing scalar (Single-phase flow) Electrical conductivity i, j, k I I i, j, k W, i, j I I DMW, i, j DMW, i, j Single-phase flow Two-phase flow Void fraction (Two-phase flow) Dimensionless mixing scalar (Concentration) Void fraction I I Water, i, j i, j, k i, j, k IWater, i, j 100% Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 5 Mean Standard deviation Statistics Cross-correlation Frequency analysis etc. Bubble identification Velocity Volume Equivalent diameter Centre of mass Statistics etc.
6 Applications of Wire-Mesh Sensor technique Wire-Mesh Sensor Vessel type Wire-Mesh Sensor Liquid Film Sensor (LFS) Wall-type Wire-Mesh Sensor Thermo-resistive Wire-Mesh Sensor (TMS) Wire-Mesh Sensor in a rod bundle Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 6
7 Examples of different types of Wire-Mesh Sensors Wire-Mesh Sensor TOPFLOW (HZDR, Rossendorf, Germany) DN200 pipe Size wires, 2500 frames/s Maximum pressure: 7 MPa Maximum temperature: 286 C Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 7
8 Examples of different types of Wire-Mesh Sensors Vessel-type Wire-Mesh Sensor ROCOM (HZDR, Rossendorf, Germany) 1:5 Model of PWR KONVOI Size wires Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 8
9 Examples of different types of Wire-Mesh Sensors Liquid Film Sensor (LFS) CALVIN (ETH Zurich, Switzerland) measuring points, frames/s PhD thesis, Manuel Damsohn, ETHZ, Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 9
10 Examples of different types of Wire-Mesh Sensors Wall-type Wire-Mesh Sensor FLORIS test facility (Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland) Size wires, 1250 frames/s PhD thesis, Davide Bertolotto, EPFL, Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 10
11 Examples of different types of Wire-Mesh Sensors Thermo-resistive Wire-Mesh Sensor (TMS) MiniPanda (ETH Zurich, Switzerland) 100 frames/s PhD thesis, Martin Ritterath, ETHZ, Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 11
12 Examples of different types of Wire-Mesh Sensors Wire-Mesh Sensor in a rod bundle SUBFLOW (Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland) Two sensors, wires, 2500 frames/s PhD thesis, Arto Ylönen, ETHZ, Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 12
13 Examples of WMS measurements in SUBFLOW Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 13
14 Single/Two-phase flow in a rod bundle (SUBFLOW) Single-phase flow (with a spacer) Two-phase flow (without a spacer) Source: SUBFLOW Data, Arto Ylönen, PSI/ETH, Switzerland Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 14
15 Examples of WMS measurements in HIPE Horizontal and Inclined Pipe flow Experiments (HIPE) Transparent 2.5 m long test section, ID 50 mm Instrumented with two WMSs Special section with optical correction box (for High- Speed Camera or PIV) Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 15
16 Two-phase flow in a vertical pipe (HIPE) Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 16
17 The effect of pipe inclination (HIPE) 0 (Vertical) (Horizontal) Isosurfaces of void fraction visualized in 3D Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 17
18 New developments Wire-Mesh Sensor for the study of axial flow behavior was designed in LUT, and will be tested in HIPE test facility during this autumn The sensor has in-flow measurement points and measures up to frames/s 16 wires (45 mm) 128 wires (381 mm) Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 18
19 Summary Wire-Mesh Sensors have been applied to various flow studies and have proved out to be useful tool for CFD code validation purposes High resolution data can provide new information on flow phenomena During the last couple of years, the technique has been successfully used for the new applications such as gas mixing studies Further development of data analysis tools is essential to extract the needed information from the WMS data Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 19
20 Thank you for the attention! Questions? Nordic-Gen4 Seminar, Lappeenranta 20
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