Montanide TM adjuvants for stimulation of cellular immune response in FMD vaccines

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1 Montanide TM adjuvants for stimulation of cellular immune response in FMD vaccines Sébastien Deville, Juliette Ben Arous, François Bertrand, Laurent Dupuis FAO-ICAR Conference Feb 13-15, New Delhi An affiliate of

2 W/O and W/O/W adjuvants: OIL ADJUVANTS ARE A REFERENCE FOR FMD VACCINES IN CATTLE AND SWINE WATER in OIL WATER in OIL IN WATER High shear formulation Low shear formulation at 30 C Viscosity Stability Viscosity Stability 40 mpa.s at 25 C At 4 C : >12 months At 25 C: ~6 months At 37 C: ~15 days 25 mpa.s at 25 C At 4 C : ~12 months At 25 C: ~1 month At 37 C: few days 5

3 Introduction: W/O adjuvants for FMD vaccines OIL ADJUVANTS ARE A REFERENCE FOR FMD VACCINES IN CATTLE AND SWINE FMD W/O Vaccines for Cattle: 2ml injection IM. 2 shots in the 1st year + 1 shot/year 120 Ab protective level W/O Cattle trial: Protocol 2 shots protocol, 2ml injection IM. Duration : 12 month, Bleeding monthly Vaccine groups: - Montanide ISA 50 V2 (W/O) - AlOH - Control References : Expected pourcentage of protection Months 7 8 Montanide ISA 50 AlOH Control 1- BAHNEMANN H.G., MESQUITA J.A. - Oil adjuvant vaccine against foot-and---mouth disease. Bol. Centr. Panam. Fiebre Aftosa, 53 : pp 25-30, BARTELING S.J., VREESWIJK J. - Developments in foot-and-mouth disease vaccines. Vaccine, Vol. 9, p.p , Feb M.Cloete, B. Dungun, L I Van Staden, N. Ismail Cassim, W. Vosloo - Evaluation of different adjuvants for footand-mouth disease vaccine containing all the SAT serotypes - Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research pp

4 Introduction: W/O/W adjuvants for FMD vaccines OIL ADJUVANTS ARE A REFERENCE FOR FMD VACCINES IN CATTLE AND SWINE W/O/W vaccines for Cattle or Swine 2ml injection IM. 2 shots in the 1st year + 1 shot/year W/O/W Cattle trial: Protocol 2 shots protocol, 2ml injection IM. Duration : 80 days Bleeding day 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 60, 78 Vaccine groups: - Montanide ISA 206 VG (W/O/W) - AlOH+QuilA - AlOH+Saponine References : Elisa titre = 1 O.D Antibody titer Days post vaccinations ISA 206 ALUM+SAPONINE ALUM+QUILA 1- PATIL P.K., BAYRY J., RAMAKRISHNA C., HUGAR B., MISRA L.D., NATARAJAN C. Immune responses of goats against foot-and-mouth disease quadrivalent vaccine : comparison of double oil emulsion and aluminium hydroxide gel vaccines in eliciting immunity - Vaccine 20 (2002) pp FOWLER VL, BASHIRUDDIN JB, MAREE FF, MUTOWEMBWA P, BANKOWSKI B, GIBSON D, COX S, KNOWLES N, BARNETT PV. Foot-and-mouth disease marker vaccine: Cattle protection with a partial VP1 G H loop deleted virus antigen - Vaccine 29 (2011) pp

5 FMD vaccines: Cellular response may induce cross-protection CROSS-PROTECTION IN FMD VACCINES?? FMDV: 7 SEROTYPES AND DIVERSE SUBTYPES FMDV VACCINES MOSTLY INDUCE A HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE AND ARE NOT CROSS-PROTECTIVE. MULTIVALENT VACCINES ARE USED CD8+ T CELL IMMUNE RESPONSE TO FMDV IS CROSS-REACTIVE (Guzman et al, J. Virology 2010) FMD VACCINE ADJUVANTS THAT PROMOTE BOTH CELLULAR AND HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES COULD ENHANCE CROSS-PROTECTION IN FMD VACCINES. 3

6 Adjuvants to promote cellular immune response: A new Montanide TM range BASED ON A SPECIFIC LIGHT MINERAL OIL TO PROMOTE HUMORAL AND CELLULAR RESPONSE: WATER in OIL WATER in OIL in WATER MONTANIDE ISA 50 V2 MONTANIDE ISA 70 M VG MONTANIDE ISA 206 VG SPECIFIC FORMULATION FOR CELLULAR RESPONSE MONTANIDE ISA 61 VG (60% w/w) MONTANIDE ISA 71 VG (70% w/w) MONTANIDE ISA 201 VG (50% w/w) 4

7 W/O and W/O/W cellular adjuvants: Galenic studies EMULSION CHARACTERISTICS ON PLACEBO ANTIGENIC MEDIA WATER in OIL: ISA 71 VG / ISA 61 VG WATER in OIL IN WATER: ISA 201 VG High shear formulation Low shear formulation at 30 C Viscosity Stability Viscosity Stability 40 mpa.s at 25 C At 4 C : >12 months At 25 C: ~6 months At 37 C: ~15 days 25 mpa.s at 25 C At 4 C : ~12 months At 25 C: ~1 month At 37 C: few days 5

8 W/O and W/O/W cellular adjuvants: Model animal studies IgG1 titers ISA 61 VG induces higher IgG2a titers than ISA 70 VG WATER in OIL: ISA 61 VG Animals: OF1 mice 20days Model antigen: OVA 2 shots protocol, 0.1ml injection SC. Duration : 90 days, Bleeding day 14, 28, 42, 56, 90 ELISA IgG1 and IgG2a Vaccine groups: - Montanide ISA 70 VG (W/O) - Montanide ISA 61 VG (W/O) ISA 70 VG ISA 61 VG J14 J28 J42 J56 J90 IgG2a titers ISA 70 VG ISA 61 VG 100 J14 J28 J42 J56 J90 6

9 W/O and W/O/W cellular adjuvants: Model animal studies IgG1 ISA 201 VG induces higher IgG2a titers than ISA 206 VG ISA 206 VG ISA 201 VG 1000 W/O/W: ISA 201 VG Animals: OF1 mice 20days Model antigen: H1N2 2 shots protocol, 0.1ml injection SC. Duration : 90 days, Bleeding day 14, 28, 42, 56, 90 ELISA IgG1 and IgG2a Vaccine groups: - Montanide ISA 206 VG (W/O/W) - Montanide ISA 201 VG (W/O/W) J14 J28 J42 J56 J90 IgG2a ISA 206 VG ISA 201 VG 100 J14 J28 J42 J56 J90 7

10 W/O Montanide ISA 71 VG Case study : Bovine viral vaccine trial PROTOCOL: Animals: 7 to 8 calves/group, 45-75days old Antigen: Inactivated coronavirus 2 shots protocol at D0 and D28, 2ml injection IM in the neck. Duration : 56 days. Safety: Assessment of local reactions during trial and at slaughter. Bleeding D0, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56. ELISA IgG1 and IgG2 Vaccine groups: - Antigen + Montanide ISA 70 VG (W/O, 70% w/w) - Antigen + Montanide ISA 71 VG (W/O, 70% w/w) - Antigen + Alum - Antigen / No adjuvant 8

11 W/O Montanide ISA 71 VG Case study : Bovine viral vaccine trial SAFETY: No pyrogenic reaction in any group No local reaction after primo-vaccination Transient reactions observed after revaccination (2cmx2cm) Small granuloma observed after dissection of the injection site (slaughter only 28 days after 2nd injection). Vaccine groups 24h 48h 72h Antigen in saline 0/7 0/7 0/7 Alum 2/7 1/7 0/7 ISA 70 VG 6/8 5/8 1/8 ISA 71 VG 4/7 2/7 0/7 Frequency of local reactions after the boost Vaccine groups Nb reactions/ Nb animals Antigen in saline 0/4 Alum 0/4 ISA 70 VG 1/6 ISA 71 VG 3/4 Frequency of granuloma at the injection site No pyrogenicity No problematic local reactions 9

12 EFFICACY: IgG1 response W/O Montanide ISA 71 VG Case study : Bovine viral vaccine trial D0 D14 D21 D28 D42 D D0 D14 D21 D28 D42 D56 0 ISA 70 VG ISA 71 VG Ag Alum 0 ISA 70 VG ISA 71 VG Ag Alum IgG1 titers (log) % IgG1 positive animals (log IgG1 titer > 7.6) ISA 71 VG and ISA 70 VG induce similar IgG1 responses 10

13 EFFICACY: IgG2 Cellular response W/O Montanide ISA 71 VG Case study : Bovine viral vaccine trial D0 D14 D21 D28 D42 D D0 D14 D21 D28 D42 D56 0 ISA 70 VG ISA 71 VG Ag Alum 0 ISA 70 VG ISA 71 VG Ag Alum IgG2 titers (log) % IgG2 positive animals (log IgG2 titer > 4.3) ISA 71 VG induces a higher IgG2 response than ISA 70 VG and Alum 11

14 Conclusions Cellular response may enhance cross-protection in FMDV vaccines New Montanide TM range based on a specific mineral oil designed to enhance cellular immune response with: safety, IgG1 response Specific IgG2 response demonstrated in mice and cattle ISA 71VG ; ISA 61 VG ; ISA 201 VG Conserved stability Easy industrial transposition W/O VACCINES BOVINE AND SMALL RUMINANTS MONTANIDE ISA 61 VG W/O/W VACCINES BOVINE AND SWINE MONTANIDE ISA 201 VG 12

15 THANK YOU!