ROTEIRO DE AULA 1 Desenho Auxiliado por Computador

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1 ROTEIRO DE AULA 1 Desenho Auxiliado por Computador Prof. Dr. Catalunha Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13 1 Este roteiro contém textos de minha autoria e outros retirados das bibliografias indicadas, ou textos correlatos no assunto, sempre que possível citadas as fontes. Tais notas não excluem a consulta ao conteúdo na integra da bibliografia original e são apenas uma forma de guia de conteúdo dentro de sala de aula. Notas iniciadas em dezembro/2013

2 Conteúdo I Ementa e Conteúdo Programático 4 II Primeira Etapa 6 1 Introdução 7 2 Passos Fundamentais Unidades básicas do desenho Criando um desenho exemplo Página de plotagem Escala do desenho Ajustando o desenho na ViewPort Definindo altura das letras Definindo Dimensões Linhas - tipo e espessura Hachuras III Segunda Etapa 15 3 Funções Complementares Draw - Criando entidades Modify - Modificando entidades Dimension - Cotar entidades Layer - Camadas Snaps - Selecionar entidade Inquiry - Medir entidade Outros conhecimentos importantes Projetos 19 IV Administração da Disciplina 23 5 Instalando o Linux e outros softwares 24 6 Resumos e Formulários padrões 30 2

3 Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Roteiro Modelagem Matemática V Anexos 33 Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13 3

4 Parte I Ementa e Conteúdo Programático 4

5 Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Roteiro Modelagem Matemática Em construção... Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13 5

6 Parte II Primeira Etapa 6

7 Capítulo 1 Introdução Use sempre o tutorial online pois ajuda muito na compreensão dos comando e funcionalidades: 1 http :// www. bricsys. com / bricscad / help / en_us / V13 / UsrGui / index. html Existem outros CADs para linux tais como: 1. QCAD. Veja mais em 2. DraftSight. Veja mais em Inicialmente siga as instruções do resumo cad.pdf para os conceitos mais importantes que são: (a) criar um desenho simples, (b) Incluir texto, (c) Incluir dimensão, (d) Plotar. Mesmo que desconhecendo algumas funções, neste resumo, você terá uma visão geral sobre o processo de desenho com um CAD. Posteriormente algumas outras funções básicas e complementares lhe permitirão melhorar mais o processo. 7

8 Capítulo 2 Passos Fundamentais 2.1 Unidades básicas do desenho Veja WebHelp ou Anexo. Precisamos definir as unidades básicas do desenho. Menu Settings :: Settings (Figura 2.1) Figura 2.1: Figura ilustrativa 2.2 Criando um desenho exemplo Criei um desenho simples para configurações gerais, Figura 2.2, várias partes deste desenho serão usadas neste resumo. Veja Anexo 8

9 Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Roteiro Modelagem Matemática 2.3 Página de plotagem Veja WebHelp ou Anexo. Precisamos definir a página básica de plotagem. Command Bar :pagesetup (vai a Figura 2.3) ou Menu Tools :: Drawing Explorer :: Page Setups (vai a Figura 2.3) clique no ícone o *Layout1* (vai para Figura 2.4) e configure conforme mostrado. Surgirá a aba do Layout1 onde construimos a prancha e organizamos a viewport veja Figura Escala do desenho No layout, folha de impressa, as medidas são em milimetro. No desenho consideramos metro. Então temos uma diferença que é ajustada pela escala. Considerando o desenho impresso no Figura 2.2: Figura ilustrativa Figura 2.3: Figura ilustrativa Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13 9

10 Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Roteiro Modelagem Matemática papel A3, 420x297 mm. Para saber a escala da viewport usa-se: Escala = MedidaReal M edidaimpressa (2.1) Ecala = 30m 0.420m (2.2) Escala = (2.3) (2.4) Ficando a escala deste desenho em 1: Ajustando o desenho na ViewPort Veja WebHelp ou Anexo. Estando no layout dê um clique duplo sobre a viewport. Veja o Command Bar no Arquivo 2.5 ou Figura 2.5. O desenho foi ajustado na escala 1:100 dentro da área de impressão desejada. O valor 1000 é necessário para ajustar uma relação entre m do desenho e mm da impressão. 1 : Z Figura 2.4: Figura ilustrativa 10 Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13

11 Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Roteiro Modelagem Matemática 2 Zoom : In/Out / All / Center / Dynamic / Extents / Left / Previous / Right / Scale / Window /< Scale (nx/nxp ) >: S 3 Enter zoom factor ( nx/ nxp ) :1000/100 xp 2.6 Definindo altura das letras Considere o modelo: H CAD = H real Escala U nidadem etrica (2.5) 2mm 100 H CAD = = (2.6) 5mm 100 H CAD = = (2.7) Sendo: H CAD : altura da letra que será configurada no CAD. H real : altura real impressa da letra, em mm. UnidadeMetrica é a unidade definida no desenho que foi metro, A unidade métrica é sempre em relação ao mm de impressão. Veja Tabela 2.1 Tabela 2.1: Dados para análise Metro Decimetro Centímetro Milimetro Via Command Bar digite :explorer selecione Text Styles ou Menu Tools :: Explorer :: Text Styles. Configure conforme Figura 2.6. Drawing Figura 2.5: Figura ilustrativa Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13 11

12 Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Roteiro Modelagem Matemática Selecione o estilo que desejar e crie os textos com Command Bar : text, : mtext ou Menu Draw :: Text, Draw :: Multiline Text. 2.7 Definindo Dimensões Veja WebHelp ou Anexo. Via Command Bar digite :explorer selecione Dimension Styles ou Menu Tools :: Drawing Explorer :: Dimension Styles. Modifique apenas o Text style=(estilo de texto criado para 2mm) e Dim scale overall=(fator de escala) conforme Figura 2.7. O Fator de Escala, FE, é obtido do modelo. F E = Escala U nidadem etrica (2.8) F E = 100 = (2.9) (2.10) Selecione o estilo que desejar e crie as Dimensões, cotação, com o ToolsBar Dimensions ou Menu Dimension :: Linhas - tipo e espessura Veja WebHelp ou WebHelp2 ou Anexo.Via Command Bar digite :explorer selecione Linetypes ou Menu Tools :: Drawing Explorer :: Linetypes. Veja Figura 2.8. Clique em New e escolha o tipo. Para linhas com diferentes espessuras Via Command Bar settings selecione Drawing :: Drafting :: Display/Viewing :: Lineweights Configure conforme mostrado na (Figura 2.9), lembre-se que Lineweight display scale é o fator de escala. Configure ainda, via Command Bar, :psltscale=0 e :celtscale=1. Figura 2.6: Figura ilustrativa 12 Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13

13 Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Roteiro Modelagem Matemática 2.9 Hachuras Veja WebHelp ou Anexo. Via Command Bar hatch ou Menu Draw :: Hatch. O campo scale depende muito da original da hachura, tem que testar pra cada hachura escolhida. Figura 2.7: Figura ilustrativa Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13 13

14 Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Roteiro Modelagem Matemática Figura 2.8: Figura ilustrativa Figura 2.9: Figura ilustrativa 14 Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13

15 Parte III Segunda Etapa 15

16 Capítulo 3 Funções Complementares 3.1 Draw - Criando entidades Veja barra de ferramentas, Figura 3.1, Maiores detalhes no Anexo. Figura 3.1: Figura ilustrativa 3.2 Modify - Modificando entidades Veja barra de ferramentas, Figura 3.2, Maiores detalhes no Anexo. Figura 3.2: Figura ilustrativa 3.3 Dimension - Cotar entidades Veja barra de ferramentas, Figura 3.3, Maiores detalhes no Anexo. Figura 3.3: Figura ilustrativa 3.4 Layer - Camadas Veja barra de ferramentas, Figura 3.4, Maiores detalhes no Anexo. 16

17 Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Roteiro Modelagem Matemática 3.5 Snaps - Selecionar entidade Veja barra de ferramentas, Figura 3.5, Maiores detalhes no Anexo. 3.6 Inquiry - Medir entidade Veja barra de ferramentas, Figura 3.6, Maiores detalhes no Anexo. 3.7 Outros conhecimentos importantes As funções basica e complementares fazem uso de alguns conhecimentos importantes que a seguir são referenciados. Grips - Cantos das entidades. Maiores detalhes no Anexo. Properties Bar - Propriedades das entidades. Figura 3.7. Maiores detalhes no Anexo. Customize - Propriedades das entidades. Figura 3.8. Maiores detalhes no Anexo. Coordinate Input - Entrada de coordenadas. Maiores detalhes no Anexo. Blocks - Blocos. Maiores detalhes no Anexo. Attributes - Atributos. Maiores detalhes no Anexo. Images - Imagens. Figura 3.4: Figura ilustrativa Figura 3.5: Figura ilustrativa Figura 3.6: Figura ilustrativa Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13 17

18 Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Roteiro Modelagem Matemática Figura 3.7: Figura ilustrativa Figura 3.8: Figura ilustrativa 18 Atualizado via L A TEX em 6 de Dezembro de 2013 as 17:13

19 Capítulo 4 Projetos 1. Desenvolva os desenhos conforme Anexo. 2. Desenvolva os desenhos conforme Anexo. 3. Desenvolva os desenhos conforme Anexo. 19

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23 Parte IV Administração da Disciplina 23

24 Capítulo 5 Instalando o Linux e outros softwares 24

25 Instalando o Linux e outros Softwares Prof. Dr. Catalunha Atualizado em 4 de Dezembro de Introdução Nas minhas disciplinas são adotados obrigatoriamente algumas ferramentas computacionais para auxílio no processamento dos dados. Seguem alguns orientações para melhorar instalação e configuração destas ferramentas. Estaremos desenvolvendo todas as atividades na plataforma linux, ubuntu, utilizando o terminal como interface de entrada e saida. Nautilus como navegador de arquivos. Chrome como navegador de internet. gedit como editor de texto para relatórios e programas. Para processamento matemático numérico e ambiente de linguagem de programação será adotado o OCTAVE. O processamento matemático simbólico será desenvolvido no MÁXIMA. As análises estatísticas serão desenvolvidas no R. A geração de gráficos, em formato png será feita por padrão GNUPLOT. Caso seja necessário o OCTAVE, MÁXIMA ou R pode ser adotado para geração de gráficos. O Libre Office será adotado como ferramenta de escritório para formatação complexa em textos, uso de planilhas, confecção de slides para apresentação e desenhos. Somente para trabalhos específicos quando solicitados. 2 Sistema Operacional Estaremos desenvolvendo todas as atividades na plataforma Linux, Distribuição Ubuntu, o site oficial é ( Instale os programas anteriormente mencionados conforme orientações do item 3. Você poderá utilizar o linux no pendrive, item 2.2, ou mesmo instalar no hd de seu computador, item 2.1. Recomendo instalar no seu hd pois a demanda de trabalhos neste ambiente será grande, e o pen-drive por lhe trazer alguns atrasos. Nos tutores que se seguem usaremos muito o termo *.iso, que quer dizer um imagem de dados pronto para ser gravado em pendrive. 2.1 Usando o Linux instalado no seu HD/Computador/Notebook Caso possua um computador e queira instalar o Ubuntu, você não perderá o seu windows, o Linux cria uma área no hd para ele e gerencia a inicialização permitindo que você escolha entre Linux ou Windows. 1

26 Linux e outros Softwares Prof. Dr. Catalunha Para este processo é interessante a presença de um amigo da ciência da computação para tirar algumas d Os passos são: 1. Estando o Windows instalado em seu Computador/Notebook. 2. Para instalar o Linux em seu HD ele precisa estar instalado num pendrive, para isto siga as orientações do Item 2.2 e depois retorne a esta etapa; 3. Inicie o computador, dê boot, pelo pendrive. 4. Selecione a opção Instalar em HD. 5. Responda as perguntas de instalação conforme desejar. 2.2 Usando o Linux apenas no PenDrive Você pode usar esta distribuição no pendrive, é muito simples. Você não perde o uso do pendrive para windows, carro, aparelho de som ou outras aplicações. Além de permitir que você possa instalar programas no linux do pendrive e guardar arquivos como se estivesse num linux instalado no seu hd. Você também acessa ao hd windows normalmente. Para isto siga estes passos: 1. Pegue a imagem iso do ubuntu no site oficial e copie para um pendrive no mínimo 4GB. Verifique se seu computador é 64bits ou 32 bits. 2. Acesse a um computador Linux em qualquer lugar, pois vc precisa criar o disco de inicialização e precisa de uma maquina linux para isto. Copie a imagem iso do ubuntu do seu pendrive para este computador. 3. Formate este pen drive. Retire e incira ele de novo no computador para reconhecê-lo. 4. Neste mesmo computador abra o terminal e digite: usb-creator-gtk. Abrirá então uma janela como a da Figura Primeiro selecione a iso que você baixou e foi salva no computador, pois esta será a versão que será instalada no pendrive, veja letra A na Figura O pendrive já foi reconhecido veja letra B na Figura Selecione Armazenados no espaço adicional reservado, veja letra C na Figura 1. Mova então a barra até aproximadamente 100% da mesma. 8. Clique em Criar um disco inicializável, veja letra D na Figura 1. Após este procedimento você terá um linux completo num pendrive. 9. Inicie o seu computador, dê boot, pelo pendrive. 10. Selecione a opção Testar ubuntu. 11. Responda as perguntas de instalação conforme desejar. 12. Pronto, vc já tem um linux via pendrive em seu computador. Selecione apenas testar. O Ubuntu necessita apenas da instalação dos demais programas Octave, Maxima, Gnuplot, R. Conforme veremos em seguida. 2 Atualizado em 4 de Dezembro de 2013

27 Prof. Dr. Catalunha Linux e outros Softwares Figura 1: Janela do criador de disco de inicialização 3 Instalando Softwares Diretamente Pode acontecer de você ter um linux em seu computador e queira apenas instalar os softwares da disciplina, veja os itens a seguir. O gedit é o editor de textos padrão do ubuntu, já vem instalado em todas as distribuições. 3.1 Instalando OCTAVE: Para instalar no linux, é muito simples, atualize os repositórios e instale o software com os seguintes comandos no terminal: 1 $ sudo apt - get update 2 $ sudo apt - get install octave3.2 octave3.2- doc octave3.2- info octave - symbolic octave - odepkg octave - statistics Atualizado em 4 de Dezembro de

28 Linux e outros Softwares Prof. Dr. Catalunha 3.2 Instalando MAXIMA e GNUPLOT Para instalar no linux, é muito simples, atualize os repositórios e instale o software com os seguintes comandos no terminal: 1 $ sudo apt - get update 2 $ sudo apt - get install maxima maxima - doc xmaxima Após esta operação o Gnuplot também estará atualizado, pois o máxima precisa dele em suas bibliotecas gráficas. 3.3 Instalando R Para instalar no linux, é muito simples, atualize os repositórios e instale o software com os seguintes comandos no terminal: 1 $ sudo apt - get update 2 $ sudo apt - get install r- base 3.4 Instalando o Geogebra Para instalar no linux, é muito simples, atualize os repositórios e instale o software com os seguintes comandos no terminal: 1 $ sudo apt - get update 2 $ sudo apt - get install geogebra 3.5 Instalando o BricsCAD Para instalar no linux é simples. Acesse ao site, cadastre-se, baixe a versão que desejar e clique em instalar. 3.6 Instalando o Latex Para instalar no linux, é muito simples, atualize os repositórios e instale o software com os seguintes comandos no terminal: 1 $ sudo apt - get update 2 $ sudo apt - get install texlive texlive - latex - extra texlive - lang - portuguese texlive - math - extra Agora precisamos instalar um editor que nos ajudará a compilar os textos em latex. 1 $ sudo add -apt - repository ppa : gummi / gummi 2 $ sudo apt - get update 3 $ sudo apt - get install gummi 4 Atualizado em 4 de Dezembro de 2013

29 Prof. Dr. Catalunha Linux e outros Softwares 3.7 Instalando o LibreOffice Já é nativo do Ubuntu a presença deste software em sua barra de ferramentas, contudo caso queira instalar uma versão mais nova use este procedimento ou pesquise outro no google. Para instalar no linux, é muito simples, atualize os repositórios e instale o software com os seguintes comandos no terminal: 1 $ udo add - apt - repository ppa : libreoffice / ppa 2 $ sudo apt - get update && sudo apt - get -y dist - upgrade 3 $ sudo apt - get install libreoffice libreoffice - l10n - pt - br libreoffice -help -pt -br 3.8 Instalando o PHP/PostgreSQL/mysql Como não uso estas ferramentas diretamente em minhas disciplinas, não constei aqui seu procedimento de instalação. Contudo uma rápida consulta no google nos permitirá instalar estes softwares com tranquilidade e qualquer coisa estou disposição. 4 Outros Tópicos 4.1 Melhorando o nautilus Nautilus é o navegador de arquivos do Linux. Para acrescentar a possibilidade de abrir a pasta corrente em um terminal instale um plugin com o seguinte comando no terminal: 1 sudo apt - get install nautilus - open - terminal 4.2 Cache do navegador Quando o nagevador de internet faz um download de um arquivo pela primeira vez ele guarda uma cópia no cache, depósito auxiliar de armazenamento, com isto quando vc tenta fazer um download do arquivo novamente, nagevador de internet ao invês de usar a internet e sobrecarregar a rede ele presume que vc queira o mesmo arquivo anterior e busca do cache interno do computador local. Por isto alguns de vcs tentam fazer um download da Roteiro.pdf da disciplina, formulários ou outro material e encontram o mesmo com uma versão desatualizada. Portando precisamos desativar o cache para fazer um download sempre do arquivo mais atualizado da internet. Apenas para o navegador de internet Chrome. Quando for baixar um arquivo da disciplina primeiro precione junto as teclas Ctrl - Shift - Delete que o Chrome abrirá uma janela pedindo autorização para limpar dados de navegação, marque somente Esvaziar o cache e clique em limpar dados. Você irá baixar o arquivo mais recente da disciplina. Atualizado em 4 de Dezembro de

30 Capítulo 6 Resumos e Formulários padrões Os resumos do Linux e CAD são apresentados em anexo. Quaisquer outras orientações neste item serão atualizadas e informadas aos alunos. 30

31 Linux Este material é um auxílio de consulta rápida, o conhecimento aqui apresentado deve ser fundamentado pelas atividades de aula e principalmente pelas bibliografias fornecidas. Cada disciplina demanda parte do conhecimento aqui resumido, devendo o aluno estar apto a distingui-la. 1) Terminal 1.1) Comando básicos no terminal Linux. Maiores informações podem se obtidas em man [comando]. COMANDO BÁSICO DESCRIÇÃO RESUMIDA cd pasta/ cd.. ls ls -la vai ao caminho especificado. acessa pasta anterior lista resumida dos arquivos lista todos os arquivos com todas as informações pwd lista o caminho atual clear limpa o terminal eog arq.png aplicativo para abrir arquivo de imagem png mv arq1 arq2 renomear arquivos cp -fr arq1 pasta/ copiar arquivo para outra pasta rm -fr arq pasta/ vim arq mkdir pasta find. -name '*nome*' grep -rin 'texto'./* tail -n 10 arquivo remove arquivo ou pasta completo editar arquivo criar pasta procura por pasta ou arquivo abaixo da pasta atual Procura texto dentro de arquivos abaixo da pasta atual Lista as ultimas linhas de um arquivo 1.2) Simbolos usados no terminal. Geralmente vemos esta linha : separa nome da conta e nome do computador. ~ : indica pasta do usuário atual, geralmente: /home/nomedaconta $ : indica que o usuário atual não é administrador do sistema. 3) Editor de Textos - gedit 3.1) Na ilustração: A = Os arquivos devem ser criados via gerenciador de arquivos, Nautilus. E abertos com clique duplo ou via menu suspenso (Botão direito do mouse) abrir com gedit. Não crie novo arquivo ou abra arquivo via gedit. Isto agiliza seu trabalho. B = Abra todos os arquivos de texto necessários a tarefa, neste editor. C = Ative a numeração das linhas via menu do gedit (Edit > Preferences > View > Line Number). D = Selecione as linhas com o mouse ou com a tecla [CTRL]+[Setas de Direção] e use a tecla [TAB] para tabular para direita e [SHIT]+[TAB] para tabular a esquerda E = Verifique se o identificador de sintaxe esta correto, isto ajuda na visualização colorida do texto. F = A tabulação deve estar sempre em 2. Via menu do gedit (Edit > Preferences > View > Editor) selecione a opção substituir tabulação por espaço e endentação automática. 1.3) Na ilustração A = Comando básico conforme item 1.1 B = Acessar pasta da tarefa via terminal, ou pode ser via gerenciador de arquivos, Nautilus. C = Use o terminal apenas para acesso aos programas gnuplot, octave, maxima e r D = Abra cada um dos programas em uma aba separada. 2) Gerenciador de Arquivos Nautilus 2.1) Um dos Gerenciadores de Arquivos do linux é o Nautilus. Quando selecionamos uma pasta, arquivo ou área vazia, sempre na janela a direita, podemos via menu suspenso (Botão direito do mouse) encontrar diversos comandos para manipulação, confira. 2.2) Na ilustração A = Selecione a opção sempre de visualizar arquivos em árvore ou tree B = Crie as pastas via menu suspenso (Botão direito do mouse) C = Crie as arquivos via menu suspenso (Botão direito do mouse) D = Acesso ao terminal direto na pasta da tarefa via menu suspenso (Botão direito do mouse) Resumo Linux. Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Versão atualizada em 31/10/2013 às 09:11 hs Página 1 de 2

32 4) ssh #Acessar servidor local$ ssh senha? ) scp # copiar arquivo unico local$ scp tabela.sql root@ :/home/catalunha/?fornecer senha? ) lftp #Acessar servidor de paginas local$ lftp lftp :~> open -u engambiental cajui.uft.edu.br lftp engambiental@cajui.uft.edu.br:/> # acesso a pastas e listagem lftp engambiental@cajui.uft.edu.br:/> ls lftp engambiental@cajui.uft.edu.br:/> cd pasta lftp engambiental@cajui.uft.edu.br:/pasta> cd.. # remover arquivos lftp engambiental@cajui.uft.edu.br:/> mrm -rf * # remover arquivos lftp engambiental@cajui.uft.edu.br:/> mrm -rf nomearq.txt # remover pastas lftp engambiental@cajui.uft.edu.br:/> mrm -rf pasta # copia arquivo unico do local para pasta do servidor lftp engambiental@cajui.uft.edu.br:/> mput /var/www/ea/cea/acao06/inedex.php -O /cea/acao06/ # copia pastas e subpastas do local para pasta atual do servidor lftp engambiental@cajui.uft.edu.br:/> mirror -R /var/www/ea/cea. $ vim fazqqcoisa.sh Permitir execução $ chmod +x fazqqcoisa.sh Adicionar script a tabela do cron do usuario atual $ crontab -e /* edita arquivo do crontab de acordo com as conf ig de tempo do cron para execução do script, exemplo para executar a todo minuto: */ * * * * * catalunha sh /home/usuario/script-cron/fazqqcoisa.sh Ver tabela do cron crontab -l 9) Script Shell Exemplo de arquivo: $ vim rsync-php.sh #!/bin/bash echo "== FINALIZADO ==" echo -e "senha\n" sudo -S rsync -Cravzp --del /var/www/ea /home/catalunha/dropbox/web/ echo "== FINALIZADO ==" Habilitar arquivo para execução $ chmod +x rsync-php.sh Executa script $./rsync-php.sh 7) rsync 7.1) Comando padrão rsync [opções] origem destino 7.2) Sincronizando diretórios locais $ rsync -Cravzp --del /home/fabio/artigos/ /var/backups/artigos/ 7.3) Sincronizando arquivos locais para um servidor remoto. $ rsync -Cravzp --del /home/fabio/artigos/ fabio@ :/var/backups/artigos/ 7.4) Sincronizando arquivos do servidor para sua máquina local rsync -Cravzp --del fabio@ :/var/backups/artigos/ /home/fabio/artigos/ 8) cron O crontab tem o seguinte formato: [minutos] [horas] [dias do mês] [mês] [dias da semana] [usuário] [comando] O preenchimento de cada campo é feito da seguinte maneira: Minutos: informe números de 0 a 59; Horas: informe números de 0 a 23; Dias do mês: informe números de 1 a 31; Mês: informe números de 1 a 12; Dias da semana: informe números de 0 a 7; Usuário: é o usuário que vai executar o comando (não é necessário especificá-lo se o arquivo do próprio usuário for usado); Comando: a tarefa que deve ser executada. '*' informa que é a qualquer valor do campo Criar pasta para script $ mkdir /home/usuario/script-cron Acessando a pasta criada $ cd /home/usuario/script-cron Criar script Resumo Linux. Prof. Dr. Catalunha - Versão atualizada em 31/10/2013 às 09:11 hs Página 2 de 2

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35 06/12/13 Units Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Units Works with BricsCAD (Windows) Classic, Pro and Platinum, BricsCAD (Linux) Classic, Pro and Platinum Sets units of linear and angular measurements through the Settings dialog box. Accessing the Command command bar: units transparent: 'units alias: un, ddunits status bar: X,y,z coordinates : units Displays the Drawing Units section of the Settings dialog box: Change settings, and then click the X button. Command Options Option Description Specifies the units of linear measurement. Select a unit: Scientific such as 4.225E+01 Decimal such as Engineering such as 3' 6.25" Architectural such as 3' 6 1/4" Fractional such as 42 1/4 For metric units, choose 2 (decimal). Specifies the number of decimal places. Enter a number between 0 and 8: 1/3

36 06/12/13 Units 0 0 decimal places, such as decimal places, such as decimal places, such as decimal places, such as decimal places, such as decimal places, such as decimal places, such as decimal places, such as decimal places, such as This option affects the precision of fractions in architectural and fractional units: 0 0 fractional precision, such as 1 1 1/2 2 1/4 3 1/8 4 1/16 5 1/32 6 1/64 7 1/ /256 Specifies the type of angular units. Select a unit: Decimal degrees such as Degrees/minutes/seconds such as 90d0'0. Gradians such as g. There are 400 grads in a circle. Radians such as 1.57r. There are 2*pi radians (approximately 6.282) in a circle. Surveyor's units such as N 00d0'0"E. The N and E in Surveyor's units refers to North and east. Specifies the number of decimal places. Enter a number between 0 and 8. Specifies the direction for 0 degrees. The default is the positive x axis. Enter an angle. You can also rotate the drawing through the Snap command's Rotate option. Toggles the direction in which angles are measured: No measures angles counterclockwise (default). Yes measures angles clockwise. Status Bar Menu Right click 72',42',0" (or other x,y,z coordinates) on the status bar for the shortcut menu: 2/3

37 06/12/13 Units Shortcut Menu Scientific Linear Units Decimal Linear Units Engineering Linear Units Architectural Linear Units Fractional Linear Units Description Chooses scientific as the working units. Chooses decimal (metric) as the working units. Chooses engineering as the working units. Chooses architectural as the working units. Chooses fractional as the working units. Relative Absolute Off Displays relative coordinates in the status bar. Displays absolute coordinates in the status bar. Displays coordinates only when points are picked. Properties Opens the Coordinates section of the Settings dialog box. Coordinates Specifies how coordinates are displayed in the status bar: Update coordinates only when selecting points equivalent to Off. Coordinates always show pointer location equivalent to Absolute. Coordinates in polar form for point, distance and angle selection equivalent to Relative. Related Commands Units sets units through the command bar. NewWiz sets units and other parameters for new drawings. New starts new drawing in Imperial or metric units Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 3/3

38 06/12/13 PageSetup Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars PageSetup Works with BricsCAD (Windows) Classic, Pro and Platinum, BricsCAD (Linux) Classic, Pro and Platinum Creates and edits page setups for plotting drawings in the Drawing Explorer. Accessing the Command command bar: pagesetup menu bar: File Page Setup toolbar: Layout : pagesetup Displays the Drawing Explorer dialog box: Do one of the following: Click the New icon ( Double click the icon ( Double click the icon ( Double click the icon ( ) to create a new page setup. ) of a *Layout* or *Model* to edit the page setup of a layout or the model space. ) of a model space page setup to edit the definition. ) of a paper space page setup to edit the definition. When creating a new page setup you have to choose between Model space or Paper Space, then click the Create... button. 1/6

39 06/12/13 PageSetup The Page Setup dialog box displays: 2/6

40 06/12/13 PageSetup Choose options, and then click OK. Command Options Print / Plotter Configuration Option Selects the printer or plotter. Description BricsCAD works with any output device installed on the system, including networked printers, print to file, faxes, and PostScript devices. It also uses predefined printer parameters stored in PC3 files. See PlotterManager command. Edit plotter configuration Opens the printer's Properties dialog box for customizing the printer's parameters. Paper Size Chooses the size of paper. You can select standard sizes listed by the droplist; these are sizes supported by the printer. While printer may appear to support many different sizes, you should select only the size of paper that is actually in the printer. If User Defined appears in the list, the paper's dimensions are specified by the printer's Properties dialog box. The image indicates the size, position and orientation of the current plot area on the selected paper size. Units Switches paper measurements between imperial and metric. Plot Area Specifies which area of the drawing to print: View prints the current view or a named view. See View command. Choose a view from the droplist: Select area to be printed Extents prints the extents of the drawing, which ensures every visible entity is printed. Entities on frozen layers are not taken into account when calculating the extents. Limits prints the limits of the drawing, as specified by the Limits command. Window prints a rectangular area of the drawing. You define the rectangular area by entering x,y coordinates or by clicking the Select Area to be Printed button. Specifies the rectangular area to be printed. Click the button; the dialog box is dismissed temporarily, and you are prompted: Select first corner of window specify one corner of the rectangle. Select second corner of window specify the other corner. You can pick points or enter x,y coordinates. The Print dialog box returns, with the pair of x,y coordinates added to 3/6

41 06/12/13 PageSetup the Windows Plot Area boxes. Specifies the x,y coordinates of the lower left and upper right corners of the rectangular area to be printed. You can enter x,y coordinates, or click the the drawing. button to pick points in Plot Scale Scales the drawing so that it fits the printable area of the paper. The scale is calculated automatically by BricsCAD, and takes into account the print area of the drawing. The printable area is the size of the paper, minus the margins. The margins are the strips along the four edges that the printer uses for handling the paper. When this option is turned on, you cannot specify the scale factor. Specifies the scale factor of the printed drawing. Choose a scale factor from the droplist, or select Custom to specify a scale factor. 1:1 prints the drawing full size, with no scaling. Custom allows you to specify a scale factor. Scale lineweights For scale factors like 1:5, the drawing is scaled smaller. For scale factors like 5:1, the drawing is scaled larger. Specifies user defined scale factors. For example, to print a drawing of 50' long house on paper 11" wide, enter: Printed Inches = 11" Drawing Units = 50' BricsCAD works out the scale factor automatically. Available scales in the list can be edited using the ScaleListEdit command. If on, lineweights are scaled with respect to the plot scale. Plot Style Table Specifies the plot style table to use, which assigns properties to "pens," colors, and entities. If the drawing does not use plot styles, then only CTB (color based table) files are listed. If the drawing uses plot styles, then only STB (style based table) files are listed. When you switch from Non to a named plot style, BricsCAD prompts you: Assign plot style table to all layouts? click Yes or No. Yes assigns the CTB or STB plot style file to all layouts. No assigns the plot style file to the current layout only. Edit Plot Style Create New Plot Style Opens the Plot Style Table editor dialog box. See PlotStyle command. This button is available only when the drawing uses STB plot styles. Creates new plot styles; runs the Add Plot Style Table wizard. If the drawing does not use named plot styles, then the wizard creates new color dependent tables (CTB files). If the drawing uses named plot styles, then the wizard creates new named plot style tables (STB files). See StylesManager command. Toggles the display of plot style names. Drawing Orientation 4/6

42 06/12/13 PageSetup Specifies the orientation of the drawing on rectangular paper: Portrait The drawing or layout x axis is aligned with the shortest edge of the selected paper size. Landscape The drawing or layout x axis is aligned with the longest edge of the selected paper size. Print upside down Prints the drawing upside down. This is useful when paper with a drawing border is loaded backwards in the printer. Plot Offset Specifies the offset distance for the print. Enter positive or negative distances to move the drawing in the x and/or y distances: Positive values move the drawing up and to the right. Negative values move the drawing down and to the left. The lower left corner of the drawing is moved by the specified distance. This is useful when the paper has a title block area that might interfere with the drawing. Centers the print on the page. The center of the drawing is positioned in the center of the paper. Together with Fit Print Area to Size of Page, these options are excellent for prints were scale is unimportant. Plot Options Toggles the use the lineweights: On mimics lineweights in the print. Off ignores lineweights. This option is unavailable when Plot with Plot Styles is turned on. Toggles the use of plot styles: On uses plot styles determine the look of the printed drawing. Off does not use plot styles. Plot styles override lineweight settings. Toggles printing order: On prints model space entities first, followed by paper space entities. Off prints paper space entities first, followed by entities in model space. This option is available only when printing layouts; it is unavailable in model tab. Toggles saving of print options: On changes made to this dialog box are saved with the layout. Off changes are not saved. The next time you use this dialog box, you can select "Layout" from the Use Plot Settings From droplist. Toggles use of the plot stamp: On applies plot stamp data to the print. Off leaves out plot stamp from the print. Click the Edit Plot Stamp button to change plot stamp data. Displays the Plot Stamp dialog box. Shaded Viewport Options Allows to override the visual style of the current view when printing model space. This option is disabled for paper space page setups. The Shade Plot mode of a paper space viewport is defined in the Shade Plot property of the viewport. The quality of the Rendered option is defined through the current 5/6

43 06/12/13 PageSetup render preset (see the RenderPresets command). Preview OK Cancel Displays a preview of the print. In the preview window, click the Print Settings button to return to this dialog box. See Preview command. Saves the changes and returns to the drawing. Returns to the drawing editor. Related Commands ConvertCtb converts CTB plot style files to STB files. ConvertPStyles converts drawings from CTB to STB plot styles. PsetupIn Imports page setup definitions from another drawing through a dialog box. PsetupIn imports page setup definitions from another drawing through the command bar. PlotStyle sets the current plot style. Print plots drawings with plot styles. Properties changes plot styles assigned to entities. Publish allows to print a sheet list (= a list of model space or paper space layouts) to a printer. Saves a sheet list to a file. StylesManager creates and attaches plot styles to drawings. ScaleListEdit edits the scale list of a drawing, used in Plot Scale section of the Print and Page Setup dialogs and the Standard scale property of a paper space viewport. Explorer Opens the Drawing Explorer dialog box Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 6/6

44 06/12/13 Zoom Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Zoom Works with BricsCAD (Windows) Classic, Pro and Platinum, BricsCAD (Linux) Classic, Pro and Platinum Visually changes the size of the drawing within the current viewport. Accessing the Command command bar: zoom transparent: 'zoom alias: z menu bar: View Zoom toolbar: Zoom : zoom Prompts you in the command bar: Zoom: In/Out/All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Left/Previous/Right/Window/<Scale (nx/nxp)>: (Enter an option, or pick two points for a windowed zoom, or enter a zoom factor.) To zoom in and out at any time, roll the mouse's wheel back and forth. Command Options Option Scale Description Specifies the absolute zoom scale factor: Less than 1 makes the drawing appear smaller. 1 keeps the drawing the same size. More than 1 makes the drawing appear larger. nx Specifies the zoom factor relative to the current zoom. For example, 2x makes the current view twice as large. nxp Specifies the zoom factor in paper space relative to model space. For example, 2xp makes the model space view twice as large as the surrounding paper space. In Zooms in by 50% (0.5) Out Zooms out by 50% (2.0). All Displays the entire drawing; zooms to the larger of: Drawing limits; see Limits command. Extents of drawing, excluding entities on frozen layers. Center Zooms in or out about a specified center point; prompts you: Center of view pick a point or enter x,y coordinates. Enter zoom factor (nx/nxp), or view height enter a zoom factor or view height. The view height defines the zoom; it is the height of the current viewport. 1/3

45 06/12/13 Zoom Dynamic Pans and zooms using a rectangular box which represents your view. When you choose the Dynamic option, a view extents or view limits is executed first. The original size of the view box matches the size of the previous view. A dashed rectangle indicates the area of the previous view. You can adjust the size of the view box dynamically, then move it to the part of the drawing you want to view. A x in the center of the view box indicates the positioning mode. A right pointing arrow indicates the resizing mode. Click to switch between the two modes. To adjust the size of the view box: Click to start resizing. Move the mouse to the right to enlarge, to the left to shrink. Click again to stop resizing the view box. To zoom in: Move the view box to the part of the drawing you want to enlarge, then press Enter. Extents Displays the drawing to the extents of entities; limits and frozen entities are ignored. Left Zooms in or out with the lower left corner specified by a point; prompts you: Lower left corner pick a point or enter x,y coordinates. Enter zoom factor (nx/nxp), or view height enter a zoom factor or view height. The view height defines the zoom; it is the height of the current viewport. Previous Right Displays the previous view, whether set by the Zoom, Pan, or View commands. Zooms in or out with the upper right corner specified by a point; prompts you: Upper right corner pick a point or enter x,y coordinates. Enter zoom factor (nx/nxp), or view height enter a zoom factor or view height. The view height defines the zoom; it is the height of the current viewport. Window Zooms in to a rectangular area; prompts you: First corner pick a point or enter x,y coordinates. Opposite corner pick another point or enter x,y coordinates. 2/3

46 06/12/13 Zoom Related Commands RtZoom performs real time zooming of the drawing. Pan and Pan move the drawing within the current viewport. RtPan performs real time panning of the drawing. View and View set up named views of drawings. DdVPoint changes the 3D viewpoint of the drawing through a dialog box. VPoint changes the 3D viewpoint of the drawing through the command bar. RtRot rotates the 3D viewpoint in realtime. RtRotX rotates the 3D viewpoint about the x axis in realtime. RtRotY rotates the 3D viewpoint about the y axis in realtime. RtRotZ rotates the 3D viewpoint about the z axis in realtime Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 3/3

47 06/12/13 Linetype Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Entity Linetype You use different linetypes to differentiate the purpose of one line from another. A linetype consists of a repeating pattern of dots, dashes, or blank spaces. Linetypes determine the appearance of entities both on the screen and when printed. By default, every drawing has at least three linetypes: CONTINUOUS, BYLAYER and BYBLOCK. Your drawing may also contain an unlimited number of additional linetypes. Linetype definitions are saved in the drawing. New linetypes are either imported from other drawings or loaded from a linetype file (e.g. iso.lin or default.lin). New entities are drawn using the current lineweight. Linetype BYLAYER: Entities which have a linetype BYLAYER adopt the linetype of their layer. This allows you to change the linetype of all such entities by adjusting the linetype of the layer. Linetype BYBLOCK: Entities created using linetype BYBLOCK, are drawn as continuous lines until you include them into a block. The entities then inherit the block s linetype setting when you insert the block into a drawing. Linetype SCALE Non continuous linetypes consist of lines, gaps and dots put together in a variety of patterns. In complex linetypes also text or shapes can be included. In the linetype definition the length of the lines and gaps are defined in drawing units. To display the linetype correctly it needs to be scaled to match the dimensions of your drawing. The linetype scaling factor is defined by the Linetype Scale (LTSCALE) system variable. BricsCAD will always put a dash at the start and end of a line, polyline, arc or spline. The linetype pattern is also nicely centered, so that both ends of the entity look the same. Because linetypes are affected by scale, paper space becomes a problem. A linetype scale that looks fine in model space is possibly going to look wrong in paper space. This problem is solved by the Paperspace Linetype Scale (PSLTSCALE) system variable. When set to 0 (zero) or OFF, linetypes are scaled the same in model space and in layouts, when set to 1 or ON, linetypes in layouts are drawn at the viewports scale. Linetypes are normally generated from vertex to vertex. Polylines of which the vertices are very close together might be rendered as a continuous line, if the linetype pattern does not fit between two subsequent vertices. The Polyline Generation (PLINEGEN) system variable addresses this problem: when set to 1 or ON, the linetype is drawn from one end of the polyline to the other end, instead of from vertex to vertex. The same polyline drawn with PLINEGEN on (left) and off (right). Go to top Setting the current linetype Do one of the following: 1/4

48 06/12/13 Linetype On the BricsCAD Properties Bar, select Linetype. Make sure, no entity is selected. Choose a linetype in the drop down list. On the Entity Properties toolbar, click the down arrow next to the Linetype field, then choose a linetype in the drop down list. Right click on the Linetype field in the Status Bar, then choose a linetype in the context menu. Go to top Adding a new linetype 1. In the Tools > Drawing Explorer choose Linetype... The Drawing Explorer Linetypes dialog displays. 2. Click the New tool button ( ) in the Details toolbar. The Linetypes dialog opens. 2/4

49 06/12/13 Linetype 3. (option) Click the File button on the Linetypes dialog to load a different linetype file (*.lin). 4. Select a linetype, then click the OK button. The linetype is added. 5. (option) Click the linetype name to rename the linetype. 6. (option) click the linetype description to edit the description of the linetype. NOTE The MEASUREMENT system variable controls the which linetype file will be used to copy a new linetype definition to the drawing. Default.lin is used if MEASUREMENT is OFF (Imperial), Iso.lin is used if MEASUREMENT is ON (Metric). The linetype files (*.lin) sit in the Support folder of the Roamable root folder. Go to top Setting the Entity Linetype Scale 1. On the BricsCAD Properties Bar, select Linetype scale. Make sure, no entity is selected. 2. Type a new value in the Linetype scale field. NOTE Linetype definitions in a *.lin file are expressed in drawing units: inches in default.lin, millimeters in iso.lin. If your drawing units are centimeters, set the linetype scale to 0.1 when using linetype definitions of iso.lin or 2.54 for linetype definitions of default.lin. Go to top Setting the Global Linetype Scale 3/4

50 06/12/13 Linetype 1. Choose Settings in the Settings menu. The Settings dialog opens. 2. Select the Drawing settings category. 3. Expand the Entity Creation settings sub category. 4. Select the Linetype Scale setting (LTSCALE). 5. Type a new value in the Global Linetype Scale field, then press Enter. The drawing is regenerated. 6. Close the Settings dialog. NOTE When printing Model Space: set the Global Linetype Scale with respect to the plot scale. E.g. if you want to plot your drawing at 1/50, set the LTSCALE setting to 50. When printing a layout, do one of the following: If the Paperspace Linetype Scale setting (PSLTSCALE) is Off : set the Global Linetype Scale with respect to the plot scale. E.g. if you want to plot your drawing at 1/50, set the LTSCALE setting to 50. If the Paperspace Linetype Scale setting (PSLTSCALE) is On: set LTSCALE to 1. Go to top 2013 Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 4/4

51 06/12/13 Hatch Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Hatch Works with BricsCAD (Windows) Classic, Pro and Platinum, BricsCAD (Linux) Classic, Pro and Platinum Fills closed areas with repeating patterns; displays the Hatch and Gradient dialog box. Accessing the Command command bar: hatch aliases: ba, h, bhatch menu bar: Draw Hatch toolbar: Draw : hatch Displays a dialog box: 1/5

52 06/12/13 Hatch Choose options, and then click OK. Command Options Pattern Options Description Selects the type of hatch pattern: User Defined uses the pattern defined in this dialog box with the Angle, Spacing, and Cross Hatch options. Predefined uses patterns defined in iso.pat (metric units MEASUREMENT = ON) and default.pat (imperial units MEASUREMENT = OFF). Custom uses patterns defined in *.pat files (one pattern definition per file). BricsCAD searches for *.pat files in the folders that are defined in the SRCHPATH (Support File Search Path) system variable. Specifies the name of the predefined hatch pattern; type a name, or else click the... button to display the Hatch Pattern Palette dialog box. Click to display the Hatch Pattern Palette dialog box; choose a pattern. 2/5

53 06/12/13 Hatch Examples of patterns: Specifies the scale factor of the pattern; choose a preset scale factor from the droplist, or else enter a custom factor. The scale factor for hatch patterns is generally the same as that for text and linetypes. Specifies the angle of the pattern; choose a preset angle from the droplist, or else enter a custom angle. This angle is measured relative to the positive x axis of the current UCS. (For user defined patterns only.) Specifies the spacing between lines. (For ISO hatch patterns only.) Specifies the lineweight. (For user defined patterns only.) Determines whether the pattern is crossed (repeated at 90 degrees to the original). Hatch Origin Uses the drawing's origin (0,0) as the origin of the hatch pattern. Uses another point for the pattern's origin, chosen through the Pick New Origin button. Use this option to begin the hatch pattern at the corner of a wall or other location where the placement of the pattern is critical. (For Specified origin only.) Dismisses the dialog box temporarily, and then prompts you at the command bar: Specify origin point pick a point in the drawing. Boundaries Specifies the closed areas (boundaries) in which to place the hatch pattern; temporarily dismisses the dialog box, and then prompts you at the command bar: Select a point to define a boundary or hatch area pick a point inside a closed area. Notice that BricsCAD immediately draws the hatch, allowing you to preview its scale factor, angle, origin, and other parameters. The prompt repeats, allowing you to choose additional areas to hatch. When done selecting areas, press Enter: Select a point to define a boundary or hatch area press Enter to return to the dialog box. You cannot pick an area that already contains a hatch pattern, or areas that are not closed. Selects the entities that make up a hatch pattern boundary; temporarily dismisses the dialog box, and then prompts you at the command bar: Select entities use any selection method to choose one or more entities. The prompt repeats, allowing you to choose additional entities. When done selecting entities, press Enter: Select entities press Enter to return to the dialog box. This option allows you to hatch closed areas that already contain a hatch; it does not hatch open areas. Boundary Set Specifies where BricsCAD should search for entities that make up the hatch 3/5

54 06/12/13 Hatch boundary: Current Viewport searches all entities in the current viewport. Existing Set searches only the current selection set for possible boundaries. Creates a new selection set of entities that make up the pattern boundary; temporarily dismisses the dialog box, and then prompts you at the command bar: Select entities use any selection method to choose one or more entities. The prompt repeats, allowing you to choose additional entities. When done selecting entities, press Enter: Select entities press Enter to return to the dialog box. The next step is to click the Pick Points in Boundaries button to choose the hatch area. Boundary Retention Toggles whether boundaries are retained: Yes keeps the boundary in the drawing after this command is finished. No removes the boundary after the hatch is created. Specifies the entity used for the boundary: Polylines makes the boundary from a polyline. Islands When a closed hatch boundary contains other boundaries, BricsCAD hatches alternating areas. When a closed hatch boundary contains other boundaries, BricsCAD hatches only the outermost area. When a closed hatch boundary contains other boundaries, BricsCAD hatches all interior areas, as if they were not present. Boundary Tolerance Specifies the largest gap BricsCAD ignores when hatching a boundary that is not fully closed. Options Toggles the associativity of hatch patterns: On associative; when the boundary is changed, the pattern automatically updates itself. Off not associative; when the boundary is changed, the pattern remains as originally placed. If checked, creates a separate hatch entity for each boundary in the selection. If not checked, creates a compound hatch entity. Specifies where the pattern should be placed relative to other entities: None draw order is ignored. Send to Back pattern is behind (underneath) all other entities. Send to Front pattern is in front (on top) of all other entities. Send Behind Boundary pattern is placed behind the boundary. Bring in Front of Boundary pattern is placed in front of the boundary. Copies the properties of another, existing hatch pattern; temporarily dismisses the dialog box, and then prompts you at the command bar: 4/5

55 06/12/13 Hatch Select hatch entity to copy properties from: (Use any selection method to choose a single hatch pattern.) The prompt repeats, allowing you to choose a different hatch entity. When done, press Enter: Select hatch entity to copy properties from: (Press Enter to return to the dialog box.) This button is useful for quickly setting options of a new hatch based on existing hatches. Procedures Defining the MEASUREMENT setting Defining the MAXHATCH setting General procedure to create hatches and gradient fills To define hatch properties To define the boundary for a hatch or gradient fill To edit a hatch or gradient fill Grips Editing Hatches can be edited directly through grips: 1. Select the hatch. Notice that it has one grip. 2. Drag the grip to move the hatch. Related Commands BHatch places hatch patterns through a dialog box. Gradient places a gradient fill through a dialog box. Hatch places hatch patterns through the command bar. Boundary and Boundary place a polyline boundary inside closed areas. Properties changes the properties of hatch patterns. Settings specifies the default parameters for hatch patterns. Solid draws 3 and 4 side solid filled areas Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 5/5

56 06/12/13 Drawing 2D Overview Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Overview All tools to create 2D entities can be found either on the Draw toolbar or in the Draw menu. Toolbars Menu Draw flyouts: 1. Lines 2. Polylines 3. Polygons Icon Tool Name Command Description Line LINE Creates single lines or a series of connected lines. Ray RAY Creates a line that starts at a point and extends to infinity. Infinite Line XLINE Creates a line through a given point, oriented at a specified angle and extending to infinity in both directions. Polyline PLINE Creates a single open or closed entity, composed of lines and/or arcs. Boundary Polyline BOUNDARY Calculates a closed polyline from a boundary set. Spline SPLINE Creates open or closed curved lines. 1/2

57 06/12/13 Drawing 2D Overview Sketch SKETCH Creates lines as if you were sketching, using a pencil. Circle CIRCLE Creates circles. Arc ARC Creates circular arcs. Ellipse ELLIPSE Creates ellipses Elliptical Arc ELLIPSE+A Creates elliptical arcs Rectangle RECTANG Creates Rectangles Polygon POLYGON Creates equal sided polygons. Trace TRACE Creates traces. Donut DONUT Creates donuts. Solid SOLID Creates planes (solids). Revision Cloud REVCLOUD Creates revision clouds. Point POINT Creates points Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 2/2

58 06/12/13 Entity Modification Commands Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Modifying Commands Overview All entity modification tools can be found either on the Modify toolbar or in the Modify menu. Icon Tool name Move Copy Command MOVE COPY Description Moves entities to another location in the same drawing or into another drawing. Draws a duplicate or multiple duplicates of the selected entities. Offset OFFSET Creates a parallel or offset copy of curves and lines. Scale SCALE Changes the scale of existing entities, either enlarging them or reducing them proportionately in x, y, and z directions. Rotate ROTATE Rotates entities around a specified point. 3D Rotate ROTATE3D Rotates entities around a three dimensional axis. Mirror MIRROR Moves or copies the reflected image of entities about a line. 3D Mirror MIRROR3D Moves or copies the reflected image of entities about a plane. Array 3D Array ARRAY 3DARRAY Creates multiple copies of entities in one of two symmetrical patterns: rectangular (rows and columns) or polar (circular). Creates multiple copies of entities in three dimensions. Entities are arrayed in a three dimensional rectangular (rows, columns and levels) pattern or a two dimensional polar (circular) pattern in three dimensional space. Break BREAK Splits an entity into two entities. Join Trim JOIN TRIM Joins two entities (two or more lines or two or more arcs) into one entity. Erases the portions of selected entities that cross a specified boundary. Flatten FLATTEN Equals the Z coordinate of the selected entities. Align ALIGN Aligns selected entities with other entities in threedimensional space. Extend EXTEND Lengthens lines, arcs, polylines or rays to meet another entity. Edit Length Stretch Measure Divide LENGTHEN STRETCH MEASURE DIVIDE Changes the length of a line, polyline, freehand entity or arc. Moves a portion of a drawing while retaining connections to other parts of the drawing. Divides a selected entity into segments by placing markers (points or blocks) at specified intervals along its length or circumference. Places markers (points or blocks) along a selected entity. The markers evenly divide the entity into the specified number of equal parts. 1/2

59 06/12/13 Entity Modification Commands Chamfer CHAMFER Creates a chamfer, or a beveled edge, at the intersection of two 3D solids, lines, rays, or infinite lines. Fillet Edit Polyline FILLET PEDIT Creates a fillet, or rounded corner, at the intersection of 3D solids, two lines, rays, or infinite lines. Edits a two dimensional or three dimensional polyline, or a polygon mesh. Edit Text DDEDIT Modifies the properties of selected text entities. Explode EXPLODE Ungroups a block, polyline, polyface mesh, solid, or hatch, creating separate entities for each element. Region REGION Converts a closed entity into a two dimensional region. Change CHANGE Changes the location, size, color, elevation, layer, linetype, linetype scale, lineweight, and three dimensional thickness of entities. Properties PROPERTIES Opens the BricsCAD Properties Bar (if not already open) Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 2/2

60 06/12/13 Dimensioning Concepts Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Dimensioning Concepts In BricsCAD there are five dimension types: linear, angular, radial, diametric and ordinate. Dimensions are created by either selecting an entity or by identifying the origin points of the extension lines. 1. Stacked baseline dimension 2. Radial dimension 3. Angular dimension 4. Aligned linear dimension 5. Ordinate dimension 6. Center mark 7. Vertical linear dimension 8. Diametric dimension 9. Rotated linear dimension 10. Leader with text 11. Horizontal linear dimension 12. Arc length dimension Dimension Style Dimensions are created on the current layer, using the current dimension style, which controls the appearance of the dimension block. A dimension style is a collection of settings and definitions which determine the type of arrowheads, text style, color of text, lines and arrowheads, unit type, precision, etc. You can modify a dimension by editing one of the dimension settings or you can modify the dimension style to apply the changes to all dimension entities that are created with this style. A drawing contains at least one dimension style. Dimension Block A dimension entity is created as block, which consists of the dimension line, arrow heads, extension lines and the 1/2

61 06/12/13 Dimensioning Concepts dimension text. 1. Dimension text prefix (d=) 2. Dimension text (258) 3. Dimension tolerance (±1) 4. Dimension text suffix (cm) 5. First arrowhead block 6. Second arrowhead block 7. Dimension line 8. First extension line 9. Second extension line 10. Extension line extend 11. Extension line offset 12. Arrowhead size 13. Vertical text offset (the vertical position of the dimension text is controlled through three settings variables: DIMGAP, DIMTAD and DIMTVP) NOTE The Associativity (DIMASSOC) settings variable determines whether associative dimensions, nonassociative dimensions or exploded dimensions are created Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 2/2

62 Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Dimensioning tools overview All tools to create dimension entities can be found either on the Dimensions toolbar or in the Dimensions menu. Toolbar Menu Icon Tool name Command Description Linear DIMLINEAR Creates horizontal or vertical linear dimensions. Aligned DIMALIGNED Creates linear dimensions which are aligned with the dimension points. Rotated DIMLINEAR Creates rotated linear dimensions. Angular DIMANGULAR Creates angular dimensions

63 Arc DIMARC Creates arc length dimensions Leader DIMLEADER Creates a leader with or without text. Center Lines DIMCENTER Draws center lines in circles and circular arcs. Diameter DIMDIAMETER Creates diametrical dimensions in circles and circular arcs. Radius DIMRADIUS Creates radial dimensions in circles and circular arcs. Baseline DIMBASELINE Creates stacked linear dimensions. Continue DIMCONTINUE Creates a chain of linear dimensions, starting from an existing linear dimension entity. Ordinate DIMORDINATE Creates ordinate dimensions. Tolerance TOLERANCE Defines the layout of geometric tolerances. Make Oblique DIMEDIT + O Makes the extension lines of the selected dimension(s) oblique. Edit Dimension Text Rotate Dimension Text Reposition Dimension Text Restore Text Position DIMEDIT+ E DIMEDIT+ R DIMTEDIT DIMEDIT Apply Style -DIMSTYLE + A Save Style -DIMSTYLE + S Defines the dimension text of the selected dimension(s). Rotates the dimension text of the selected dimension(s). Lets you reposition the dimension text. Undoes the rotation or repositioning of the dimension text of the selected dimension(s). Applies the current dimension style to the selected dimension(s). Saves the current dimension settings in a new dimension style. Restore Style -DIMSTYLE Sets the current dimension style. Dimension Variable Status -DIMSTYLE + ST Displays the status of the dimension variables in the command bar and the Prompt History window Menhirs NV. All rights reserved.

64 06/12/13 DimStyle Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars DimStyle Works with BricsCAD (Windows) Classic, Pro and Platinum, BricsCAD (Linux) Classic, Pro and Platinum Creates and modifies dimension styles, through the Drawing Explorer. Accessing the Command command bar: DimStyle aliases: d, ddim, dimsty, ds, dst, expdimstyles, setdim menu bar: Settings Dimension Style toolbar: Dimensions status bar: Standard (or name of other current dimension style) : dimstyle Displays the Drawing Explorer at the Dimension Styles section: Create or edit dimension styles, and then click X. Press F1 to access help. <Overrides> allows dimension settings to be overriden, without creating a new style. *Standard lists the dimension settings for the dimension style named "Standard"; the * asterisk indicates that this is the current style. Command Options Option Name Description Names of the dimension style; all styles can be renamed and deleted, except for the Standard style. Description Arrow 1 Specifies the style of arrowhead for the starting end of the dimension line; choose from one of the following types: 1/6

65 06/12/13 DimStyle Arrow 2 Arrow Size Leader Arrow Dim Line Color Specifies the style of arrowhead for the other end of the dimension line. Specifies the length of the arrowhead; the width is scaled proportionately. Specifies the style of arrowhead for the starting end of the leader line. Specifies the color of the dimension line; choose from: Any Index Color. Any True Color. ByBlock. ByLayer. Dim Line type Dim Line LW Dim Line Ext Dim Baseline Spacing Dim Line 1 Dim Line 2 Ext Line Color Specifies the line type of the dimension line; choose from any line type loaded into the current drawing. To access additional linetypes, click Load, and then choose one from the Load Linetypes dialog box. Specifies the lineweight of the dimension line; choose from any lineweight supported by BricsCAD. Specifies the distance that the dimension line extends beyond the extension lines. Specifies the default distance between dimensions added with the DimBaseline command. Toggles the display of the first half of the dimension line (between the starting extension line and the text). Toggles the display of the second half of the dimension line (between the other extension line and the text). Specifies the color of the dimension line; choose from: Any Index Color. Any True Color. ByBlock. ByLayer. Ext Line type Ext Line LW Ext Line Ext Ext Line Offset Ext Line 1 Ext Line 2 Ext line type 1 Ext line type 2 Ext line fixed length Center Mark Specifies the line type of both extension lines; choose from any line type loaded into the current drawing. To access additional linetypes, click Load, and then choose one from the Load Linetypes dialog box. Specifies the lineweight of the extension line; choose from any lineweight supported by BricsCAD. Specifies the distance that the extension lines extend beyond the dimension line. Specifies the offset distance between the object and the start of the extension lines. Toggles the display of the first extension line. Toggles the display of the second extension line. Specifies the line type of the first extension line; choose from any line type loaded into the current drawing. To access additional linetypes, click Load, and then choose one from the Load Linetypes dialog box. Specifies the line type of the second extension line; choose from any line type loaded into the current drawing. To access additional linetypes, click Load, and then choose one from the Load Linetypes dialog box. Specifies the length of fixed length extension lines. Specifies the type of center mark: Mark. Line. None. Center Mark Size Arc length symbol Specifies the size of the center mark. Specifies the location of the arc length symbol: Preceding dimension text. Above dimension text. Not displayed. Jog angle Specifies the angle of the jog; default is 45 degrees. Enter another angle. Description Text Style Text Color Specifies the style for dimension text; can use only styles created with the Style command. Specifies the color of the text; choose from: Any Index Color. Any True Color. ByBlock. 2/6

66 06/12/13 DimStyle ByLayer. Text Fill Determines whether the dimension text has a rectangular background filled with color. Choose from: No fill does not apply a background fill. Background uses the background color of the drawing, usually white or black. Color uses the color specified by the Text Fill Color option. Text Fill Color Text Height Draw Frame Around Text Text Pos Vert Specifies the background fill color when Text Fill is set to Color. Choose a color from the drop list, or click Select Color to access the Select Color dialog box. Specifies the height of the text. Toggles a rectangle around the text. Justifies the text vertically relative to the dimension line: Centered centers the text on the dimension line. Above places the text above the dimension line. Outside places text outside of the extension lines. JIS generally places text above the dimension line, according to the Japanese Industry Standard. Text Pos Hor Justifies the text horizontally relative to the extension lines: Centered centers the text between the extension lines. First Extension Line places the text near the first extension line. Second Extension Line places the text near the second extension line. Over First Extension places the text over the first extension line. Over Second Extension places the text over the second extension line. Text Offset Text Inside Align Specifies the size of gap between the dimension line and the text. Justifies text when located between extension lines: Aligned with Dimension Line aligns text with dimension line. Horizontal forces text to be always horizontal. Text Outside Align Justifies text when located outside of the extension lines: Aligned with Dimension Line align text with dimension line. Horizontal forces text to be always horizontal. Description Arrow and Text Fit Specifies where text and arrows should be located when there is insufficient space for both between the extension lines: Text and Arrows forces both text and arrows between the extension lines. Arrows Only forces arrows to stay within extension lines; moves text outside when there is insufficient space. Text Only forces text to stay within extension lines; moves arrows outside when there is insufficient space. Best Fit requires BricsCAD to figure out where to place text and arrows, depending on the space between extension lines. Text Inside Toggles whether the text is forced between extension lines: On forces text between extension lines. Off draws text outside, if insufficient space between extension lines. Dim Line Inside Toggles whether the dimension line is forced between extension lines: On forces dimension line always between extension lines. Off draws dimension line outside, if insufficient space between extension lines. Text Movement Specifies what happens when text is moved away from its default location: Keep dim line with text moves dimension line with the text, stretching the extension lines. Move text, add leader draws a leader between the text and the dimension line. Move text, no leader does not draw a leader. Dim Scale Overall Place Text Manually Dim Line Forced Specifies the overall scale factor for dimensions; this affects the size of arrows and text only. Toggles whether the user must always specify the text location when creating dimensions. Forces the dimension line to be always drawn; forces leaders to be drawn with the DimDiameter and DimRadius commands. Description 3/6

67 06/12/13 DimStyle Dim Units Specifies the display units for dimensions: Scientific scientific notation, such as E+01. Decimal metric, such as Engineering feet and decimal inches, such as 1' ". Architectural feet and fractional inches, such as 1' 2 1/16". Fractional fractional inches only; no feet, such as 14 1/16". Windows Desktop uses the units set by Windows. Dim Precision Fractional Type Specifies the precision of units, either decimal places or fractional accuracy. Specifies how fractions are stacked: Horizontal stacks fractions vertically, with a horizontal separator line. Diagonal stack stacks diagonally, with a diagonal separator line. None does not stack fractions, placed horizontally with a slash separator. Decimal Separator Dim Round Dim Prefix Dim Suffix Dim Scale Linear Suppress Leading Zeros Specifies the character used to indicate the decimal point; can be any character. North American countries use the period; European countries use the comma. Specifies the rounding of decimal numbers; range is none to 8 decimal places. Specifies prefix text that appears in front of the dimension text, if any. Specifies suffix text that appears after the dimension text, if any. Specifies the multiplier for dimension values, such as 25.4 for changing inches to millimeters. Toggles the display of zeros in front of the decimal point; for example, 0.23 is displayed as: On.23 Off 0.23 Suppress Trailing Zeros Toggles the display of zeros in front of the decimal point; for example, is displayed as: On 1.23 Off Suppress Zero Feet Toggles the display of zero feet; for example, 0' 3" is displayed as: On 3" Off 0' 3" Suppress Zero Inches Toggles the display of zero inches; for example, 1' 0" is displayed as: On 1' Off 1' 0" Dim Angle Units Specifies the format of units in angular dimensions: Decimal Degrees 360 degrees in a circle; for example, degrees Deg/Min/Sec degrees, minutes, seconds; for example, 123d 12' 45.67". Grads 400 grads in a circle; for example, 230g. Rads 2pi radians in a circle; for example, 1.5r. Dim Angle Precision Specifies the number of decimal places; ranges from 0 to 8. Suppress Angle Leading Zeros Toggles the display of zero degrees; for example, degrees is displayed as: On.1234 Off Suppress Angle Trailing Zeros Toggles the display of zeros after degrees; for example, degrees is displayed as: On 0.12 Off Description Alternate Enabled Toggles the display of alternative units: On second, alternative units displayed to the right of primary units. 4/6

68 06/12/13 DimStyle Off only primary units are displayed. Alt Units Specifies the display units for dimensions: Scientific scientific notation, such as E+01. Decimal metric, such as Engineering feet and decimal inches, such as 1' ". Architectural feet and fractional inches, such as 1' 2 1/16". Fractional fractional inches only; no feet, such as 14 1/16". Windows Desktop uses the units set by Windows. Alt Precision Alt Scale Factor Alt Round Alt Prefix Alt Suffix Alt Leading Zeros Specifies the precision of units, either decimal places or fractional accuracy. Specifies the multiplier for alternate values, such as 25.4 for showing millimeters (alternate units) next to inches (primary units). Specifies the rounding of alternate numbers; range is none to 8 decimal places. Specifies prefix text that appears in front of the alternate text, if any. Specifies suffix text that appears in after the alternate text, if any. Toggles the display of zeros in front of the decimal point; for example, 0.23 is displayed as: On.23 Off 0.23 Alt Trailing Zeros Toggles the display of zeros in front of the decimal point; for example, is displayed as: On 1.23 Off Alt Zero Feet Toggles the display of zero feet; for example, 0' 3" is displayed as: On 3" Off 0' 3" Alt Zero Inches Toggles the display of zero inches; for example, 1' 0" is displayed as: On 1' Off 1' 0" Description Tolerance Display Tolerance Precision Tolerance Limit Lower Tolerance Limit Upper Tolerance Text Height Tolerance Pos Vert Toggles the display of tolerance text. Specifies the display precision of tolerance text; range is 0 to 8 decimal places or 1/1 to 1/256 inch. Specifies the value of the upper tolerance. Specifies the value of the lower tolerance. Specifies the height of tolerance text. Locates the tolerance text relative to the dimension text: Bottom aligns tolerance text with the bottom of the dimension text. Middle aligns tolerance text with the middle of the dimension text. Top aligns tolerance text with the top of the dimension text. Tolerance Suppress Leading Zeros Tolerance Suppress Trailing Zeros Tolerance Suppress Zero Feet Tolerance Suppress Zero Inches Alt Tolerance Precision Alt Tolerance Suppress Leading Zeros Alt Tolerance Suppress Trailing Zeros Alt Tolerance Suppress Zero Feet Alt Tolerance Suppress Zero Inches Toggles the display of zeros in front of the decimal point. Toggles the display of zeros behind the decimal point. Toggles the display of zero feet. Toggles the display of zero inches. Specifies the number of decimal places for tolerances in alternate units. Toggles the display of zeros in front of the decimal point. Toggles the display of zeros behind the decimal point. Toggles the display of zero feet. Toggles the display of zero inches. Status Bar Menu Right click Standard (or other dimension style name) on the status bar for the shortcut menu: Shortcut Menu Standard Description Chooses the default dimension style. 5/6

69 06/12/13 DimStyle When the drawing contains additional dimension styles, their names are listed here. Properties Opens the Dimension Styles section of the Drawing Explorer. Procedures Exploring dimension styles To list the current status of the dimension variables To create a new dimension style To edit a dimension style To define dimension style overrides To rename a dimension style To set a dimension style current Using the status bar to set a dimension style current To copy a dimension style between drawings To move a dimension style between drawings To delete a dimension style Related Commands Dimstyle creates and modifies dimension styles at the command line. Explorer opens the Drawing Explorer dialog box Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 6/6

70 Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Entity Snaps Commands: 2DINTERSECTION, 3DINTERSECTION, NEAREST, CENTER, ENDPOINT, EXTENSION, FROM, INSERTION, INTERSECTION, MIDPOINT, MTP, NONE, PARALLEL, PERPENDICULAR, POINT, QUADRANT, TANGENT Entity snaps enable you to quickly select exact geometric points on existing entities without having to know the exact coordinates of those points. With entity snaps, you can select the end point of a line or arc, the center point of a circle, the intersection of any two entities, or any other geometrically significant position. You can also use entity snaps to draw entities that are tangent or perpendicular to an existing entity. You can use entity snaps any time you need to specify a point. You can work with entity snaps in one of two ways Enable a running entity snap that remains in effect until you turn it off by choosing an entity snap when no other command is active. Enable a one-time entity snap for a single selection by choosing an entity snap when another command is active. You can also use a one-time entity snap to override a running entity snap. When using entity snaps, the program recognizes only visible entities or visible portions of entities. You cannot snap to entities on layers that have been turned off or to the blank portions of dashed lines. If the APBOX system variable is on, the entity Snap Aperture Box is added to the crosshairs when one or more entity snaps are active. When you move the cross hairs, the program snaps to the snap point closest to the center of the Snap Aperture Box. The Snap Marker indicates the current snap point. The DRAGSNAP system variable controls the snap behavior while 'dragging', providing an increased WYSIWIG experience. DRAGSNAP controls whether rubberband dynamics are displayed at the current cursor location or at the current entity snap location. DRAGSNAP applies to all modify commands that display dynamics, such as COPY, PASTECLIP, PASTEBLOCK, MOVE, ROTATE, MIRROR, SCALE and STRETCH. DRAGSNAP = 0 (Default),:dragged entities display at the cursor location. DRAGSNAP = 1: dragged entities display at the current entity snap location. NOTE Press the TAB key, without moving the mouse, to cycle through all possible entity snaps. If the DYNMODE variable has a positive value (Dynamic Dimensions switched ON) entity snap cycling is not possible. Click the DYNMODE field in the Status Bar to toggle the display of dynamic dimensions. To define the Entity Snap settings 1. Open the Settings dialog. 2. In the Settings dialog, expand the Program Options settings class. 3. Under Program Options expand the Display settings group, then scroll down to the Entity Snap settings. Under Drawing expand the Drafting settings group then go to Coordinate Input > Entity Snaps.

71 4. Define the Entity Snap settings. User Preference Title Description SnapMarkerSize SnapMarkerThickness SnapMarkerColor DisplaySnapMarkerInAllViews DisplayTooltips Snap marker size Snap marker thickness Snap marker color Snap marker in all views Snap tooltips (3) System Variable Title Description OSMODE APBOX APERTURE OSNAPZ Entity snap mode Entity snap aperture box Entity snap aperture Ignore entity snap elevation Sets the size of the snap marker. (default size is 6) Sets the thickness of the snap marker. (default thickness is 2) Sets the color of the snap marker. (default color = 20) If multiple viewports are open, enables the display of the snap marker in all viewports. Enables the display of the Entity Snap tooltips. Sets the entity snap modes and toggles entity snap on/off. Toggles the display of the aperture box (2). Sets the size of the Autosnap aperture box. (default size is 10) Replaces the Z-coordinate of the snapping point with the current value of the ELEVATION system variable. PDFOSNAP Pdf entity snap Enables snapping to the geometry in pdf underlay files. To set the Entity Snaps Do one of the following: Click the buttons on the Entity Snaps toolbar. The buttons of the currently active entity snap modes are pressed. Press and hold the Shift key, then right click and select the Entity Snap mode in the context menu. The icons of the currently active Entity Snap modes are outlined.

72 When no command is active, the above procedures toggle the Entity Snap modes on/off. When a command is active, the above procedures set a 'one shot' override of the current Entity Snap modes. Entity Snap Modes Name Icon Marker Description NEAREST ENDPOINT MIDPOINT CENTER PERPENDICULAR Snaps to the nearest point on an entity. Snaps to the nearest endpoint of an entity or polyline segment. Snaps to the midpoint of an entity or polyline segment. Snaps to the center point of an arc, circle, polygon, ellipse or elliptical arc. Snaps to the center of gravity of a closed polyline. Snaps to the perpendicular point of another entity. You can snap to an arc, circle, ellipse, line, polyline, infinite line, ray, spline or edge of a plane to form a perpendicular alignment with that entity or with an extension of that entity. PARALLEL TANGENT QUADRANT INSERTION POINT INTERSECTION APPARENT INTERSECTION Displays a tracking line parallel to the selected entity. Snaps to the point on an arc, ellipse, spline or circle that, when connected to the previous point, forms a line tangent to that entity. Snaps to the closest quadrant of an arc, circle, ellipse, or elliptical arc. Snaps to the insertion point of an attribute, block or text entity. Snaps to a point entity. Snaps to the intersection of any combination of entities. Snaps to the apparent intersection in the current view of two entities that do not intersect in three-dimensional space.

73 EXTENSION Snaps to the extension of an entity or to the intersection of the extension of two entities. NONE Turns off all entity snap modes. FROM Prompts for a base point. Use relative coordinates to define the offset from the base point. MTP Snaps to a point in the middle between two points. NOTE You can toggle the Entity Snaps on/off: by clicking the ESNAP field in the Status Bar. by pressing the F3 function key. Working with multiple Entity Snap modes 1. Move the cursor to the entity you want to snap. One of the active Entity Snap modes markers display. 2. Do not move the mouse; press the TAB key. The entity the snap point is on highlights. 3. Do one of the following: Click to accept the snap point. Press the TAB key. The next possible Entity Snap mode marker displays. The entity the snap point is on highlights. 4. (option) Repeat step 3 until the right snap point is found. NOTES Do not move the mouse while pressing the TAB key. Entity snap cycling is not possible when Dynamic Dimensions are active. Click the DYNMODE field in the Status Bar to toggle Dynamic Dimensions on/off. To snap to the extension of two entities 1. If not already on, turn on the Extension Entity Snap mode (). 2. Launch a drawing tool, e.g. Draw Line. 3. Move the cursor over the endpoint of the first entity (1). A small cross ( ) indicates the entity is marked for extension. 4. Move the cursor over the endpoint of the second entity (2). A small cross ( ) indicates the entity is marked for extension. 5. Move the cursor near the intersection of the extensions of the two entities. An X indicates the intersection (3).

74 6. Click to accept the snap point. NOTE You can snap to the extension of lines, polylines, arcs and elliptical arcs Using the From option The From entity snap option allows to define an offset from an entity snap point. 1. When executing a drawing or modifying command, do one of the following: Click the From tool () button on the Entity Snaps toolbar. Type from in the command bar, then press Enter. Press Shift, then right click and choose From in the context menu. The command bar reads: Base point: 2. Identify the base point. The command bar reads: Base point: offset or regular point: 3. Type the offset, from the base point as relative NOTE Use polar tracking to type the distance from the base point (see: Direct distance entry). Using the Parallel entity snap 1. Make sure Entity Snap Tracking is active. 2. Launch an entity create command to create a linear entity (e.g. Line). 3. Specify the first point of the entity. The line displays dynamically. 4. Do one of the following: Press and hold the Shift key, then right click and choose Snap to parallel in the context menu. Click the Snap to parallel toolbutton () in the Entity Snaps toolbar. 5. Hover the cursor over the entity you want to draw parallel to. The Parallel Entity Snap marker ( ) displays on the selected entity. Wait until a small cross (+) indicates the entity is recognized. 6. Move the cursor in order to place the dynamics of the line more or less parallel to the selected entity. A tracking line displays from the start point of the line. 7. Do one of the following to specify the second point while the tracking line displays: Click a point. Enter the desired length and press Enter. Use a second entity snap tracking point, then move the cursor to the intersection of the parallel tracking line and the second entity snap tracking line. Using Midpoint snap 1. When prompted to specify a point, do one of the following: Click the Snap to the middle of 2 points button ( Type mtp or m2p in the command bar, then press Enter. ) on the Entity Snaps toolbar. Press and hold the Shift key, then right click and choose Snap to middle of 2 points in the context menu. The command bar reads: First point of mid: 3. Specify the first point The command bar reads: Second point of mid:

75 4. Specify the second point. The point in the middle of the two points is snapped Menhirs NV. All rights reserved.

76 06/12/13 Measuring Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Measuring Commands: DIST, AREA, MASSPROP, ID and LIST The Dist command reports the distance and angle between two points. The Area command finds the area and perimeter (or length) of 2D entities. The Massprop command reports the area, perimeter, and other mathematical properties of 3D solids and 2D regions (short for "mass properties"). The ID command reports the x,y,z coordinates of picked points. The List command lists the properties of selected entities. Measuring distances To measure a distance between two points: 1. Do one of the following: Click the Distance tool button ( ) on the Inquiry toolbar. Type dist in the command bar and press Enter. The command bar reads: Starting point for distance: 2. Identify the first point. The command bar reads: End point: 3. Identify the second point. The following information displays in the command bar (see image below): Distance, Angle in XY Plane (alpha), Angle from XY Plane (beta), Delta X, Delta Y, Delta Z. The values are calculated with respect to the current coordinate system. Measuring lengths 1/3

77 06/12/13 Measuring To measure the length of single linear entity, click the entity then read the Length field in the Properties Bar. To add the lengths of a series of linear entities: 1. Do one of the following: Click the Area tool button ( ) on the Inquiry toolbar. Type area in the command bar and press Enter. The command bar reads: Entity/Add/Subtract/<First point>: A prompt menu displays: 2. Do one of the following: Choose Add areas together in the prompt menu. Type A in the command bar and press Enter. The command bar reads: Adding: Entity/Subtract/<First point>: A prompt menu displays: 3. Do one of the following: Choose Add entities to area in the prompt menu. Type E in the command bar and press Enter. The command bar reads: Adding area<select entities>: 4. Click the first entity. The area and length of the first entity display in the command bar. The command bar reads: Adding area<select entities>: 5. Click the second entity. The area and length of the second entity and the total area and total length display in the command bar. Optionally press the F2 function key to display the Prompt History window; press F2 again to close the Prompt History window. The command bar reads: Adding area<select entities>: 6. Repeat step 5 to add more entities or press the Esc key to stop. Measuring areas To measure the area and length of single closed entity, click the entity then read the Area and Length fields in the Properties Bar. To measure areas and perimeters by specifying points in a drawing: 1. Do one of the following: Click the Area tool button ( ) on the Inquiry toolbar. Type area in the command bar and press Enter. The command bar reads: Entity/Add/Subtract/<First point>: 2/3

78 06/12/13 Measuring A prompt menu displays: 2. Do one of the following: Choose Add areas together in the prompt menu. Type A in the command bar and press Enter. The command bar reads: Adding: Entity/Subtract/<First point>: A prompt menu displays: 3. Click the first corner point of the area. A dashed line displays dynamically from the first corner point. The command bar reads: Adding: <Next point>: 4. Click the second corner point of the area. A dashed polygon displays dynamically, indicating the currently defined area. The command bar reads: Adding: <Next point>: 5. Click the third corner point of the area. The command bar reads: Adding: <Next point>: 6. Repeat step 5 to add more corner points or Right click to stop adding corner points. The Total length and Total area display in the command bar. Optionally press the F2 function key to display the Prompt History window; press F2 again to close the Prompt History window. 7. Do one of the following: Repeat steps 3 through 6 to add another area. Press the Esc key to stop Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 3/3

79 06/12/13 Layer Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Layer Works with BricsCAD (Windows) Classic, Pro and Platinum, BricsCAD (Linux) Classic, Pro and Platinum Creates layers, changes their properties, and removes layers through the Drawing Explorer. Accessing the Command command bar: layer aliases: la, ddlmodes, explayers menu bar: Settings Layers and Tools Drawing Explorer Layers toolbar: Entity Properties status bar: Layer field ( 0 ) : layer Displays the Layers section of the Drawing Explorer dialog box: Create layers or modify layer properties, and then click X. Press F1 to access help. Viewport Layer Properties When you open the Drawing Explorer Layers dialog when in paper space, additional columns display: New, VP Freeze, VP Color, VP Linetype, VP Lineweight and VP Plot Style (VP is short for Viewport). By default, these columns match the corresponding model space settings. VP layer properties can be set differently for each layout and for each paper space viewport. If SHOWLAYERUSAGE is on, the Layer Usage icons indicate whether VP settings for the current layout or paper space viewport are different from the model space settings. If no paper space viewport is active, the VP settings apply to entities in the current layout. If a viewport is active, the VP settings override the BYLAYER properties in the current viewport. The VP Freeze setting ( or )allows to control the visibility of model space entities in the current viewport. The New setting controls whether a layer is either Frozen ( ) are Thawed ( ) in a new paper space viewport. Create or modify VP layer properties, and then click X. Press F1 to access help. To remove VP Layer properties overrides: 1. Select the layer, then right click and choose Remove Viewport Overrides in the context menu. 2. The options are: From Selected Layers > For Current Viewport From Selected Layers > For All Viewports From All Layers > For Current Viewport From All Layers > For All Viewports 1/6

80 06/12/13 Layer View Menu Option Drawings Details Preview StatusBar Filters Details Icons Regen Toggle Regen Show XRef Layers Indicate layers in use Apply layer filter to layer toolbar Description Toggles the display of the Drawings panel. Toggles the display of the Details panel. Toggles the display of the Preview panel. Toggles the display of the Status Bar. Toggles the display of the Filters panel. Switches the display in the Details panel to Details view. Switches the display in the Details panel to Icons view. Forces the drawing display to be regenerated. Toggles the automatic regen of the drawing display. Toggles the display of Xref layers in the Details panel. Toggles the SHOWLAYERUSAGE system variable On/Off. Applies the current layer filter to the Layer control on the Entity Properties toolbar. Command Options Option New Delete Description Creates new layers. Deletes layers from Drawing Explorer. The following layers cannot be deleted: 0 Any layer with entities. Purge Purges layers from the current drawing. The following layers cannot be purged: 0 Current layer. Any layer with entities. Filter Text If pressed, displays layers of which the name fits the Filter Text field only: layers starting with 'a' layers containing 'hatch' layers of which the third character is 'a' layer names of 5 characters long Filter Used Displays the current layer filter. Click the down arrow button to choose a different layer filter. All and All Used Layers are built in layer filters. Choose All to see all layers in the list; choose All Used Layers to list non empty layers only. If the drawing contains external references (Xrefs) a layer filter definitions for Xref layers and for each Xref are created automatically. Choose Show XRef Layers in the View menu to display the Xref layers in the Details pane. Display Filter Panel To toggle the display of the Filter Panel On/Off do one of the following: Click the Display Filter Panel button ( ). Check/uncheck the Filters option in the View menu. 2/6

81 06/12/13 Layer If the drawing contains external references (Xrefs) a layer filter definitions for Xref layers and for each Xref are created automatically. Choose Show XRef Layers in the View menu to display the Xref layers in the Details pane. On the Filter Panel: Select a filter in the list to apply the filter. The caption on the Filter Used list button displays the selected filter. Click the New button ( ) to create a new layer filter definition. Click the Delete button ( ) to delete the selected filter(s). The All Used Layers built in filter cannot be deleted. To create a new layer filter definition: 1. Click the New button ( ) on the Filter Panel toolbar. The Layer Property Filter dialog box displays: 2. Type a name in the Filter Name field. 3. (option) Type a search string in the Layer Name field (see Filter Text). 4. (option) Click a property column, then set a filter criterion for this property. Multiple properties can have criterion applied. 5. (option) Repeat steps 3 and 4 for each new row in the layer filter definition. 6. Click the OK button to save the layer filter. Invert Filter Click the Invert Filter button to invert the current filter. Current Specifies the current working layer. Only one layer can be current at a time. If the SHOWLAYERUSAGE system variable is ON, the following icons display in the Layer Usage column: layer is current layer is not empty layer is empty 3/6

82 06/12/13 Layer When in a paper space layout or in a paper space viewport (model space with floating viewports) the following icons indicate VP overrides exist: VP overrides exist and layer is current VP overrides exist and layer is not empty VP overrides exist and layer is empty The Indicate layers in use item in the View menu toggles the SHOWLAYERUSAGE system variable ON/Off. Layer Name Specifies the name of the layer. Click in the column, then type a character to jump to the first layer starting with that character. To rename: 1. Click the name twice, slowly. 2. Enter the new layer name. Description On/Off (option) Describes the content of the layer. Click the field, then type. Toggles the selected layers between on and off: On sets the normal state. Freeze Off hides entities from view; entities are included in the calculation of extents. Click a lightbulb icon to change its status. Toggles the selected layers between frozen and thawed: Thaw sets the normal state. Locked Freeze hides entities from view; entities are excluded in the calculation of extents, and are not exported with commands such as WBlock. Click an icon to toggle its status. Toggles the selected layers between locked and unlocked: Unlocked sets the normal state. Color Locked prevents entities from being edited; entities are still visible. Click an icon to toggle its status. Specifies the color of the layer. Default color is white (black). To change the color: 1. Click a color square to see the Select Color dialog box. Linetype 2. Choose a color, and then click OK. See Color command. Specifies the linetype of selected layers. Default is "Continuous." To change the linetype: 1. Click a linetype sample. 2. Choose one from the droplist. To load additional linetype definitions: 1. Click the Load option. 2. In the Load Linetypes dialog box, choose a linetype, and then click OK. Lineweight See Linetype command. Specifies the linetype of selected layers. Default is "Default." To change the lineweight: 1. Click the lineweight sample. 2. From the droplist, choose another linetweight. See LWeight command. 4/6

83 06/12/13 Layer Plot Style Specifies the plot style of selected layers. Default is "Color_7." To change the plot style" 1. Click a plot style name. 2. From the droplist, choose another style name. Plot Plot styles are available only when they are enabled in the drawing; by default, they are not. See PlotStyle command. Toggles the selected layers between plotable and not plotable: Plot plots layer. No Plot does not plot layer. Material Click an icon to toggle its status. Specifies the material of selected layers. Default is "Global." To change the material: Click the Material field. Click again to display the droplist, containing the available materials. Click to select a material in the list. Preview Displays the entities on the selected layer. Shortcut Menu Options Right click layer names in Drawing Explorer to see the following shortcut menu: Option Keystroke Description New Ctrl+N Creates new layers. Delete Ctrl+D Deletes layers from Drawing Explorer. The following layers cannot be deleted: 0 Any layer with entities. Purge Ctrl+P Purges layers from the current drawing. The following layers cannot be purged: 0 Current layer. Any layer with entities. Cut Ctrl+X Cuts the layer and its properties to the Clipboard. Copy Ctrl+C Copies the layer and its properties to the Clipboard. Paste Ctrl+V Pastes the layer from the Clipboard into Drawing Explorer. Rename Renames the selected layer. Select All Selects all layers. Set Current Specifies the current working layer. Only one layer can be current at a time. Status Bar Menu Right click O (or other layer name) on the status bar for the shortcut menu: Shortcut Menu 0, et cetera Properties Description Chooses the current working layer. When the drawing contains additional layers, their names are listed here. Opens the Layers section of the Drawing Explorer. Procedures To merge the content of two layers Related Commands Layer creates layers and changes their properties in the command bar. LayerState saves and restores layer states. LayMCur changes the working layer to that of a selected entity LayFrz freezes layers associated with selected entities. LayThw thaws all frozen layers. LayIso isolates layers associated with selected entities. LayLck locks layers associated with selected entities. LayUlk unlocks layers associated with selected entities. 5/6

84 06/12/13 Layer LayOff turns off layers associated with selected entities. LayOn turns on all layers that have been turned off. Materials Creates materials and edits their properties through the Drawing Explorer. Explorer Opens the Drawing Explorer dialog box Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 6/6

85 Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Grips editing Grips Editing Grips display as small colored squares at key-points on selected entities. Whether grips display or not and the appearance of grips is controlled through a series of grips settings. When the display of grips is turned on, grips can be dragged using the mouse in order to stretch, move, mirror, rotate or scale entities. The Copy option of the grips editing commands allows to create multiple copies of the entities being edited. To select a grip, move the mouse over it, then click. Selected grips display in a different color, which is defined by the HOTGRIP system variable. A selected grip is called a hot grip. By default hot grips display in red. The midpoint grip on lines and infinite lines, the startpoint grip on rays, the center grip on circles, arcs, ellipses and elliptical arcs, the grip on points and the insertion point grip of texts, mtexts, blocks and Xrefs can be used to quickly move such entities. NOTE When DRAGSNAP is ON, dragged entities display at the current entity snap location. Selecting multiple grips 1. Select all entities you want to edit. 2. Press and hold the Shift key, then click the first grip. The selected grip displays in red. 3. Keep the Shift key pressed, then click more grips. All selected grips display in red. 4. Release the Shift key, then click the hot grip you want to use as the base point. The hot grips move simultaneously. Grip Edit Command Options Keyboard Prompt Box Description B Base Point Prompts you to specify a new base point, other than the selected grip. C Copy Copies the selected entities and keeps the originals. By default, multiple copies can be created. Press Enter to stop making copies. U Undo If the Copy option is chosen, deletes the latest copy. R Reference (Applies to Grip Rotate only) Allows to specify a reference angle. Type the angle in the command bar or specify two points.

86 X Exit Aborts the grip edit command. To stretch entities using grips 1. Select the entity or entities. 2. Select the grip or grips you want to manipulate. 3. Click the grip you want to use as the base point. All selected grips move simultaneously. The GRIP_STRETCH prompt box displays: The command bar reads: Enter new point: Base point/copy/undo/exit: 4. Do one of the following to define the displacement point: Click in the drawing. Enter the coordinates, then press Enter. Key-in the distance, then press Enter. Use ORTHO or Polar Tracking to control the angle. To move entities using grips 1. Select the entity or entities. 2. Select the grip or grips you want to manipulate. 3. Click the grip you want to use as the base point for the move. The Grip Stretch command is launched. 4. Do one of the following: Right click, then select Move in the context menu. Hit the Space bar or Enter key to cycle through the Grips Editing commands until Move is active. The GRIP_MOVE prompt box displays: The command bar reads: Enter move point: Base point/copy/undo/exit: 5. Do one of the following to define the displacement point: Click in the drawing. Enter the coordinates, then press Enter. Key-in the distance, then press Enter. Use ORTHO or Polar Tracking to control the angle. To copy entities using grips

87 1. Select the entity or entities. 2. Select the grip or grips you want to manipulate. 3. Click the grip you want to use as the base point for the move. The Grip Stretch command is launched. 4. Do one of the following: Right click, then select Move in the context menu. Hit the Space bar or Enter key to cycle through the Grips Editing commands until Move is active. The GRIP_MOVE prompt box displays: The command bar reads: Enter move point: Base point/copy/undo/exit: 5. Do one of the following Choose Copy in the context menu. Type C, then hit the Space bar or Enter key. 6. Do one of the following to define the displacement point: Click in the drawing. Enter the coordinates, then press Enter. Key-in the distance, then press Enter. Use ORTHO or Polar Tracking to control the angle. 7. Repeat the previous step to create more copies or press the Space bar or Enter key to stop. To mirror entities using grips 1. Select the entity or entities. 2. Select the grip or grips you want to manipulate. 3. Click the grip you want to use as the base point for the mirroring. The Grip Stretch command is launched. 4. Do one of the following: Right click, then select Mirror in the context menu. Repeatedly hit the Space bar or Enter key to cycle through the Grips Editing commands until Mirror is active. The GRIP_MIRROR prompt box displays. The command bar reads: Enter second point: Base point/copy/undo/exit. 4. Specify a second point to define the mirror axis. The selection is mirrored. To rotate entities using grips

88 1. Select the entity or entities. 2. Select the grip or grips you want to manipulate. 3. Click the grip you want to use as the base point for the rotation. The Grip Stretch command is launched. 4. Do one of the following: Right click, then select Rotate in the context menu. Repeatedly hit the Space bar or Enter key to cycle through the Grips Editing commands until Rotate is active. The GRIP_ROTATE prompt box displays. The command bar reads: Enter rotation angle: Base point/copy/undo/exit. 5. Do one of the following to rotate the selection: Specify a point to define the rotation angle. Type the rotation angle in the command bar, then press Enter To scale entities using grips 1. Select the entity or entities. 2. Select the grip or grips you want to manipulate. 3. Click the grip you want to use as the base point for the scaling. The Grip Stretch command is launched. 4. Do one of the following: Right click, then select Scale in the context menu. Repeatedly hit the Space bar or Enter key to cycle through the Grips Editing commands until Scale is active. The GRIP_SCALE prompt box displays. The command bar reads: Enter scale factor: Base point/copy/undo/exit. 5. Type the scale factor in the command bar, then press Enter to scale the selection.

89 2013 Menhirs NV. All rights reserved.

90 06/12/13 Properties Bar Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Properties Bar The Properties Bar (Internet connection needed) In the Properties Bar you can: Set the current properties: color, layer, linetype, linetype scale and lineweight Edit the properties of a single entity Edit the shared properties of a selection set Edit endpoints of lines and vertices of polylines graphically To open the Properties Bar Do one of the following. Right click when the cursor is on a toolbar. A context menu displays. The marked items in the context menu are currently open. Select Properties Bar in the context menu. Double click an entity. The Properties Bar opens, showing the properties of the selected entity. Double clicking entities such as texts, blocks or polylines start an editing command (See the Mouse tab on the Customize dialog). 1/6

91 06/12/13 Properties Bar Click the Properties tool button ( ) on the Standard toolbar. Choose Properties in the Modify menu. Type properties in the command window, then press Enter. Properties Bar No selection The current entity properties display Properties Bar Single entity selected The properties of the selected entity display Properties Bar Multiple entities selected The shared properties of the selected entities display NOTE The Properties Bar can be either floating or docked. To dock the Properties Bar, drag it by its title bar to either the left or right hand side of the BricsCAD application window. 2/6

92 06/12/13 Properties Bar NOTE Read only fields display in grey. The content of a read only field can be copied though. To copy a read only field, click the field, then press Ctrl C. go to top To adjust the size of the Properties Bar 1. Move the cursor over one of the edges of the Properties Bar (1). The cursor turns into a double headed arrow. 2. Press and hold the left mouse button to drag the edge of the Properties Bar. 3. Move the cursor over the boundary between the Setting Names and the Setting Fields columns (2). The cursor turns into a double headed arrow. 4. Press and hold the left mouse button to drag the boundary. NOTE When docked, only the left (or right) edge of the Properties Bar is adjustable. Setting the current properties in the Properties Bar 1. (option) Click on Color, then click the down arrow button to select a color. 2. (option) Click on Layer, then click the down arrow to select a layer. 3. (option) Click on Linetype. then click on the down arrow to select a linetype. 4. (option) Click on Linetype scale, then type the new value in the Linetype scale field. 5. (option) Click on Lineweight, then click on the down arrow to select a lineweight. go to top Edit the properties of a single entity 1. Select the entity. The entity's properties display in the Properties Bar. 3/6

93 06/12/13 Properties Bar Properties of a circle 2. Click the property you want to modify. The settings field of the selected property is activated. 3. Type a new value in the settings field of the selected property or choose a setting from the list box, then press the Enter key or select another property. The entity is updated. 4. (option) repeat steps 2 and 3 to modify another property. 5. Press the Escape key to stop. NOTES Properties of which the value displays in grey cannot be modified. Step 3: Properties (such as the General properties), which are chosen from a list are updated instantly. go to top To edit the endpoints of a line 1. Select the line. 2. On the Properties Bar, under Geometry, do one of the following: Select the X, Y or Z field, then enter a value. Select either Start point or End point. 4/6

94 06/12/13 Properties Bar An X indicates the point being edited. Click the Pick Point button ( ). Specify the point in the drawing. 3. Press the Escape key to stop. NOTE This procedure also applies to edit the insertion point of texts, images, blocks, Xrefs,... To edit the vertices of a polyline 1. Select the polyline.. 2. On the Properties Bar under Geometry, select Vertex. 3. Click the Next/Previous arrow buttons to select a vertex. 5/6

95 06/12/13 Properties Bar An X indicates the vertex being edited. 4. Do one of the following: Select the X or Y field, then enter a value. Under Vertex select Position and click the Pick Point button ( ), then specify the point in the drawing. 5. Press the Escape key to stop. go to top Edit the shared properties of a selection set 1. Select the entities. The shared properties display in the Properties Bar. 2. Click the property you want to modify. The settings field of the selected property is activated. 3. Type a new value in settings field of the selected property or choose a setting from the list box, then press the Enter key or select another property. All selected entities are updated simultaneously. 4. (option) Repeat steps 2 and 3 to modify another property. 5. Press the Escape key to stop. NOTES *Varies* displays for shared properties which are defined differently. If you edit such property, all entities in the selection set will be equally defined for this property. Step 3: Properties (such as the General properties), which are chosen from a list are updated instantly. go to top 2013 Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 6/6

96 06/12/13 Understanding the Customize Dialog Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Understanding the Customize Dialog What are the CUI files Files with the CUI extension are Customize User Interface files for BricsCAD. These XML format files replace the previously used menu definition files (*.mnu *.mns). CUI files can be edited with the build in interactive editor, launched by the CUSTOMIZE command. You can migrate CUI files between BricsCAD versions and combine them between different computers. NOTE The Load partial CUI file... procedure accepts IntelliCAD menu files (*.mnu *.mns) and converts them to CUI files. Opening the Customize dialog To open the Customize dialog do one of the following: Choose Customize in the Tools menu In Windows: Hover over a toolbar or a blank portion of the toolbar area, then right click and choose Customize in the context menu. In Linux: Hover over a blank portion of the menu bar, status bar or toolbar area, then right click and choose Customize in the context menu. Type customize in the command window, then press Enter. Type cui in the command window, then press Enter. 1/2

97 06/12/13 Understanding the Customize Dialog The components of the Customize dialog are: 1. File menu 2. Main customization file name and location 3. Browse for main customization file button 4. Section tabs 5. Content of the currently selected section 6. Available tools tree 7. Properties grid, displaying the properties of the selected item 8. Reloads default menus, toolbars, etc. overwriting the customized default.cui file. 9. Saves changes and closes the Customize dialog. 10. Closes the Customize dialog, without saving changes. 11. Saves changes and keeps the Customize dialog open Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 2/2

98 06/12/13 Coordinate Input Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Coordinate Input When you create entities in a drawing, they are located in relation to the drawing's underlying Cartesian coordinate system. Every drawing has a fixed coordinate system called the World Coordinate System (WCS). You can also define arbitrary coordinate systems located anywhere in three dimensional space. These are called user coordinate systems (UCS) and can be located anywhere in the WCS and oriented in any direction. To specify points and distances using the keyboard you can use the following formats: Cartesian coordinates: x,y,z Cylindrical coordinates: R<alpha,z Spherical coordinates: R<alpha<beta If you place character in front of the entry, the coordinates are calculated with respect to the previous point. This technique is called: Relative Coordinates. Working with Cartesian coordinates In the Cartesian coordinate system we use three perpendicular axes: the x axis, the y axis and the z axis. All axes originate in the origin point of the coordinate system. The x axis and the y axis define a horizontal plane, while the x axis and the z axis and the y axis and the z axis define vertical planes. A point is defined by its distances to the yz, xzand xy planes. These distances are called the xyz coordinates of a point. 1/4

99 06/12/13 Coordinate Input If you want to enter the absolute Cartesian coordinates of a point, type the x, y and z coordinates separated by commas: 45.5,57.3,60 If you omit the z coordinate, the point is placed in the xy plane (Z = 0). If you place character in front of the entry (@x,y), the coordinates are calculated with respect to the previous point. This technique is called Relative Cartesian coordinates. Using relative Cartesian coordinates to draw a rectangle 1. Launch the RECTANGLE command. 2. Specify the first corner of the rectangle. 3. In the command bar Go to top <width> = the width of the rectangle in drawing units, measured along the x axis <height> = the height of the rectangle in drawing units, measured along the y axis Working with cylindrical coordinates In a cylindrical coordinate system we use three perpendicular axes: the x axis, the y axis and the z axis. All axes originate in the origin point of the coordinate system. The x axis and the y axis define a horizontal plane, while the x axis and the z axis and the y axis and the z axis define vertical planes. A point is defined using the following format: R<alpha, z. R = distance to the origin in the xy plane 2/4

100 06/12/13 Coordinate Input <alpha = the angle between R and the x axis (positive angles are measured counter clockwise) z = the height above the xy plane. If the z coordinate is omitted, cylindrical coordinates are referred to as polar coordinates. If you place character in front of the entry, the coordinates are calculated with respect to the previous point. This technique is called Relative Cylindrical coordinates. Go to top Working with spherical coordinates In a cylindrical coordinate system we use three perpendicular axes: the x axis, the y axis and the z axis. All axes originate in the origin point of the coordinate system. The x axis and the y axis define a horizontal plane, while the x axis and the z axis and the y axis and the z axis define vertical planes. A point is defined using the following format: R<alpha<beta R = distance from the origin <alpha = angle in the xy plane (positive angles are measured counter clockwise) <beta = angle measured from the xy plane (positive angles are measured counter clockwise, above the xy plane) 3/4

101 06/12/13 Coordinate Input Go to top 2013 Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 4/4

102 06/12/13 Creating Blocks Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Creating Blocks Commands: BLOCK, BLOCK, WBLOCK and PASTEBLOCK The Block command groups entities into a block using a dialog box. The Block commands prompts you in the command bar. The Wblock command writes blocks and other drawing parts to a separate drawing file (short for "write block"). The Pasteblock command pastes entities from the Clipboard as a block in the current drawing (see Paste a selection as a block). General procedure to create a block Specify the name. Specify the insertion point. The insertion point is the base point for the block and serves as the reference point when you later insert the block into a drawing. Select entities. To create a block in a drawing 1. Do one of the following: Click the Create Block tool button ( Choose Create Block in the Tools menu. ) on the Tools toolbar. Type block in the command bar, then press Enter. The Block Definition dialog displays: 1/4

103 06/12/13 Creating Blocks 2. Type a name for the new block in the Name field. 3. Do one of the following to specify the Base Point: Check the Specify On screen option. You will be prompted to specify the base point after clicking the OK button. Click the Pick point button (). The Block Definition dialog closes temporarily to let you pick a point in the drawing. Type the coordinates of the base point in the X, Y and Z field. 4. Do one of the following to select the entities to be included in the block definition: Check the Specify On screen option. You will be prompted to select the entities after clicking the OK button. Click the Select entities button (). The Block Definition dialog closes temporarily to let select the entities in the drawing. 5. Set the block properties: Scale uniformly: if checked, the X, Y and Z scaling cannot be set differently. Allow exploding: if not checked, prevents the block from being exploded. Block unit: set the insertion unit for the block (see also: To insert a block). 6. Set the behavior of the selected entities after the block is created: Retain: The selected entities remain in the drawing. Convert to block: The selected entities are replaced by the newly created block. Delete: The selected entities are deleted. 7. Click the OK button to create the block. NOTE If the selected entities were erased by setting the Delete option in step 6, you can bring back the selected block entities by typing oops in the command bar, then press Enter. To create a block using the Blocks Explorer 1. Do one of the following: Choose Blocks... in the Settings menu. Type explblocks in the command bar, then press Enter. The Drawing Explorer Blocks dialog opens. 2. In the Drawing Explorer dialog do one of the following: Click the New button () on the Details toolbar. Choose New in the Edit menu. The Drawing Explorer dialog closes. The command bar reads: Insertion point for new block: 3. Specify the insertion point of the new block. The command bar reads: Select entities for block. 4. Select the entities for the new block. 5. Right click to create the block. The selected entities are removed from the drawing. The Drawing Explorer dialog reopens. The Name field of the new block is selected. 6. Type a name in the Name field, replacing the default NewBlock1 name. 7. Close the Drawing Explorer dialog. 8. (option) Type oops in the command bar, then press Enter to bring back the selected block entities. To save a block to a separate file 2/4

104 06/12/13 Creating Blocks 1. Do one of the following: Click the Save Block... tool button ( ) on the Tools toolbar. Choose Save Block... in the Tools menu. Type wblock in the command bar, then press Enter. The Write Block to File dialog opens. 2. Click the browse button () next to the Name and path field. The Save Block dialog opens. 3. On the Save Block dialog, select a folder and type a name in the File name field, then click the Save button. The Save Block dialog closes. 4. Insert units: set the insertion unit for the block (see also: To insert a block). 5. To select the source entities for the new block, do one of the following: Click the Block radio button, then select a block from the drop down list. Click the Model space radio button, to select all the entities in the model space of the current drawing. Click the Entities radio button, then click the Select Entities button (). The Write Block to File dialog temporarily closes to let you select entities in the drawing. Right click to stop selecting entities. Click the Pick point button () to define the Base point of the new drawing or Type the coordinates of the base point in the X, Y and Z field. Set the behavior of the selected entities after the block is created: Retain: The selected entities remain in the drawing. Convert to block: The selected entities are replaced by the newly created block. Delete: The selected entities are deleted. 6. Click the OK button to create the drawing file. 3/4

105 06/12/13 Creating Blocks 2013 Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 4/4

106 06/12/13 Inserting Blocks Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Inserting Blocks Commands: INSERT, INSERT, INSERTALIGNED and MINSERT The Insert command lets you insert blocks through a dialog box. The Insert command inserts blocks by prompting in the command bar. BricsCAD will lookup the block name in the block definitions in the current drawing. If the block is not found in the current drawing, the paths defined by the SRCHPATH system variable are searched. If the block is not found there either, BricsCAD responds 'Could not find file <blockname>' The Insertaligned command inserts a block entity, with easy alignment on existing entities. The Insertaligned command is similar to the Insert command, but during the placement the block will be dynamically aligned with existing lines, polylines, arcs or circles. The block is aligned with the entity to which the cursor snaps. If no entity is snapped, the block is aligned with the X axis of the WCS. The Minsert command Inserts a block as a rectangular array; combines the Insert and Array commands (short for "multiple insertion"). You can choose to select an existing block definition or to insert an entire drawing as a block. When you insert a drawing, a new block definition is created in the current drawing. If you change the original drawing file, those changes have no effect on the current drawing unless you redefine the block by reinserting the changed drawing. When a block is inserted in a drawing, it is treated as a single entity. General procedure to insert a block: Specify a block definition or drawing file. Specify the insertion point. Specify the scale. Specify the rotation angle. NOTES When inserting a drawing as a block, the base point, as defined by the INSBASE system variable, of the inserted drawing is the origin point of the block. The INSBASE system variable is set by the BASE command. If a block contains attributes you will be prompted to fill out the text for each attribute in the command bar. If the DRAGOPEN system variable is set to zero (OFF), drawings can be inserted as a block by dragging them from the Windows Explorer dialog into the current drawing; if DRAGOPEN = 1 (ON), the drawing will be opened instead. The INSUNITS system variable defines a drawing units value for automatic scaling when inserting blocks or attaching Xrefs (see scheme below). INSUNITS in the target drawing INSUNITS in the source drawing Centimeters Inches not specified (INSUNITSDEFTARGET = Centimeters) Millimeters Inches not specified (INSUNITSDEFSOURCE 1/6

107 06/12/13 Inserting Blocks = Inches) The Unit field under Block Unit is set by the INSUNITS (Insertion Units) settings variable in the source drawing. The Factor field expresses the relation between the value of the INSUNITS variable in the source drawing and the target drawing. E.g. if INSUNITS is Millimeters in the source drawing and Centimeters in the target drawing, the value of the Factor field is 0.1. The Scale factor of the block is 1,1,1. If INSUNITS in the source drawing is Unspecified (unitless), INSUNITSDEFSOURCE is used. The value of the Factor field is 1.0 and the Scale factor of the block expresses the relation between INSUNITSDEFSOURCE and INSUNITS in the target drawing. If INSUNITS in the target drawing is Unspecified (unitless), INSUNITSDEFTARGET is used. The value of the Factor field is 1.0 and the Scale factor of the block expresses the relation between INSUNITS in the source drawing and INSUNITSDEFTARGET. If INSUNITS is unspecified (unitless) in both the source and the target drawing, INSUNITSDEFSOURCE and INSUNITSDEFTARGET are used. The value of the Factor field is 1.0 and the Scale factor of the block expresses the relation between INSUNITSDEFSOURCE and INSUNITSDEFTARGET. The values of INSUNITSDEFSOURCE and INSUNITSDEFTARGET are saved in the registry and therefore apply to all drawings in which INSUNITS is unspecified (unitless). To insert a block 1. Do one of the following Click the Insert Block... tool button ( ) on the Insert toolbar. Choose Insert Block... in the Insert menu. Type insert in the command bar, then press Enter. The Inserts dialog opens. 2. In the Inserts dialog, do one of the following: Select an existing block definition in the Name list. Click the Browse button and select a drawing file. 3. (option) Check the Explode option to explode the block after insertion. 4. (option) Uncheck the Specify On Screen option, then specify the Insertion Point by keying in the coordinates in the X, Y and Z fields. 5. (option) Uncheck the Specify On Screen option, then specify the Scale by keying in the scaling factors in the X, Y and Z fields. Check the Uniform Scale option to equal the X, Y and Z scale factors. 6. (option) Check the Specify On Screen option to specify the Rotation angle when inserting the block. 2/6

108 06/12/13 Inserting Blocks 7. Click the OK button. The command bar reads: Insertion point for block. A prompt menu displays. 6. Specify the insertion point. The command bar reads: Corner/XYZ/X scale factor < >: A prompt menu displays. 7. Right click or press Enter to accept the default X scale factor. The command bar reads: Y scale factor: <Equal to X scale ( )>: 8. Right click or press Enter to set the Y scale factor equal to the X scale factor. The block is inserted. To insert a block using the Drawing Explorer Inserting internal blocks 1. Open the Drawing Explorer Blocks dialog. 2. (optional) Choose either Detail View ( ) or Icon View ( ). 3. (option) Edit the insert options: Choose Options... in the Settings menu or select a block, then right click and choose Options... in the context menu. Set the insert options in the Drawing Explorer Options dialog box. 4. Do one of the following: Select a block, then do one of the following: Click the Insert Block button ( ) on the Details toolbar. Right click and select Insert from the context menu When in Icon View, double click the block. To select an external drawing, do one of the following: Click the Insert External tool button ( ) on the Details toolbar. Choose Insert External in the Edit menu. 3/6

109 06/12/13 Inserting Blocks Right click, then choose Insert External in the context menu. The Drawing Explorer Blocks window closes. The command bar reads: Multiple blocks/scale/<insertion point for block>: A prompt menu displays 5. Follow the instructions in the command bar to insert the block. The Drawing Explorer Blocks window reopens. 6. (option) Insert more blocks. 7. Close the Drawing Explorer Blocks window. Inserting blocks from another drawing Block Manager (Internet connection needed) 1. Open the Drawings Explorer. 2. In the Drawings pane, click the Folders tab. 3. (option) If necessary, add the folder of the drawing. 4. Click the Expand icon (+) in front of the drawing. The Blocks icon of the drawing displays. 5. Click the Blocks icon. The blocks in the drawing display in the Details pane. If necessary, click the Icon View button ( 6. (option) Edit the insert options: ) in the Details toolbar to see thumbnail images of the blocks. Choose Options... in the Settings menu or select a block, then right click and choose Options... in the context menu. Set the insert options in the Drawing Explorer Options dialog box. The available options are: Align: If checked, launches the InsertAligned command to insert the block. When the Align option is checked, the Fixed Scale and Fixed Rotation options are not available. Fixed Scale: If checked, allows to insert the block at a fixed scale. Fixed Rotation: If checked, allows to insert the block at a fixed rotation. 7. To insert a block, do one of the following: Click the Insert Block button ( ) on the Details toolbar. When in Icon View, double click the thumbnail image of the block. 4/6

110 06/12/13 Inserting Blocks When in Detail view, double click the number in front of the block name. The Drawing Explorer dialog closes temporarily to let you insert the block in the drawing. The command bar reads: Multiple blocks/<insertion point for block>: A prompt menu displays 5. Follow the instructions in the command bar to insert the block. The Drawing Explorer window reopens. 6. (option) Insert more blocks. 7. Close the Drawing Explorer Blocks window. To insert a block aligned with an entity 1. Make sure the appropriate Entity Snaps are active. 2. Type insertaligned or insal in the command bar, then press Enter. The command bar reads:? to list blocks in drawing/~ to open the file dialog/<block to insert> <name>: 3. Do one of the following: Press Enter or right click to insert the most recently placed block again. Type the name of an existing block definition in the command bar, then press Enter. Type the name of an external block file in the command bar, then press Enter. Type ~ (tilde) then press Enter to open the file dialog. The command bar reads: Multiple blocks/<insertion point for block>: A prompt menu displays. 3. Snap to an entity. The block is aligned with the entity. 4. Click to define the insertion point. When you move the crosshairs, the block is mirrored about the selected entity or a about a line tangent to the selected entity. 5. Click to specify the mirroring of the block. NOTE If you type the name of block in step 3, BricsCAD will lookup the block in the block definitions in the current drawing. If the block is not found in the current drawing, the paths defined by the SRCHPATH system variable are searched. If the block is not found there either, BricsCAD responds 'Could not find file <blockname>' NOTE The block is aligned as follows: The block is rotated so that its local Z axis is parallel with the Z axis of the active UCS, and its local X axis should be parallel with the tangent to the entity at the position of the snap point. When you click a point on an entity the block is aligned with the entity. Then, by moving the mouse pointer around the insertion point, you can choose how the block should be mirrored. The origin point of the block lies on the entity. To insert multiple instances of a block in a rectangular array 1. Type minsert in the command bar, then press Enter. The command bar reads: 5/6

111 06/12/13 Inserting Blocks? to list blocks in drawing/~ to open the file dialog/<block to insert>: 2. Do one of the following: Type ~ (press and hold the Alt gr key, then press the ~ key), then press Enter. The Insert Block file dialog displays. Select the drawing file you want to insert and press the Open button (or double click the file name). Press Enter to accept the <Block to insert>. Type a block name, then press Enter. Optionally, type? to display search for existing block definitions. 3. The block is attached to the cursor. The command bar reads: Multiple blocks/<insertion point for block>: 4. Specify the insertion point. The command bar reads: Corner/XYZ/X scale factor <1.00>: 5. To define the X scale factor, do one of the following: Press Enter to accept the default. Type the X scale factor, then press Enter. Click to define the X scale factor graphically. The command bar reads: Y scale factor: <Equal to X scale (current X scale)>: 6. Repeat step 5 to define the Y scale factor. The command bar reads: Rotation angle for block <0>: 7. Do one of the following: Press Enter to set the rotation angle to 0. Type a rotation angle, then press Enter. Click to define the rotation angle graphically. The command bar reads: Number of rows in the array <1>: 8. Type the number of rows, then press Enter or press Enter for one row. The command bar reads: Number of columns <1>: 9. Type the number of columns, then press Enter or press Enter for one column. The command bar reads: Vertical distance between rows, or spacing rectangle: 10. Type the row spacing distance, then press Enter. The command bar reads: Horizontal distance between columns: 11. Type the column spacing distance, then press Enter. The block array is created as a single entity. NOTES If you choose Multiple blocks in step 3, you are prompted to create multiple instances of the block array. It is not possible to explode a MInsert Block entity.. If you type the name of block in step 2, BricsCAD will lookup the block in the block definitions in the current drawing. If the block is not found in the current drawing, the paths defined by the SRCHPATH system variable are searched. If the block is not found there either, BricsCAD responds 'Could not find file <blockname>' 2013 Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 6/6

112 06/12/13 Redefining Blocks Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Redefining Blocks Commands: BLOCK, BLOCK and INSERT To redefine a block that was created in the current drawing, you create a new block using the same name. If the block was inserted from a separate drawing, reinsert that block. When a block definition is redefined all instances of that block in the current drawing are updated automatically. See also: Editing blocks and external references. To redefine an internal block definition 1. Type block in the command bar, then press Enter. The command bar reads: Name for new block, or? to list existing blocks: 2. Type the name of the block in the command bar and press Enter. The command bar reads: The block <name> already exists. Do you want to redefine it? <N>. A prompt menu displays. 3. To redefine the block definition, do one of the following: Type Y, then press Enter. Choose Yes Redefine block in the prompt menu. The command bar reads: Insertion point for new block: 4. Specify the insertion point of the new block. The command bar reads: Select entities for block. 5. Select the entities for the new block. 6. Right click to create the block. The selected entities are removed from the drawing. All existing instances of the block are updated. 7. (option) To bring back the selected block entities, type oops in the command bar, then press Enter. To reload an external drawing as a block 1. Do one of the following Click the Insert Block... tool button ( Choose Insert Block... in the Draw menu. ) on the Draw toolbar. Type insert in the command bar, then press Enter. The Insert Block dialog opens. 2. On the Insert Block dialog click the Browse, then select the external drawing file. 1/2

113 06/12/13 Redefining Blocks 3. Click the Insert button. An Alert box displays. 3. Click the Yes button to redefine the existing block definition. The command bar reads: Insertion point for block: 4. Continue with step 3 of the Inserting Blocks procedure Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 2/2

114 06/12/13 Defining Attributes Click here to show toolbars of the Web Online Help System: show toolbars Defining Attributes Command: ATTDEF and ATTDEF The Attdef command defines how a block's attributes will be created through a dialog box. The Attdef command creates block's attribute definitions at the command prompt. General procedure to define attributes: specify the characteristics of the attribute, including its name, prompt, and default value; specify the location define the text formatting optionally: set the attribute flags (hidden, fixed, validate or predefined). To define an attribute 1. Do one of the following: Click the Define Attributes... tool button () on the Tools toolbar. Choose Define Attributes... in the Tools menu. Type attdef in the command bar, then press Enter. The Define Attribute dialog opens. 2. Define the Attribute: Type a name in the Tag field. The Tag Identifies each occurrence of an attribute in the drawing. The name you type in the Tag field can be any combination of characters except spaces. Lowercase letters are automatically converted to uppercase. 1/3

115 06/12/13 Defining Attributes Type a prompt in the Prompt field. The attribute prompt displays when you insert a block containing the attribute. If a prompt is omitted, the Tag is used as the prompt instead. Do one of the following: Type a default value in the Default text field. For variable attributes, the default value is replaced by the actual value when you insert a block containing the attribute. Click the Insert Field button ( properties in a title block). ) to assign a field value to the attribute (see Using sheet set and sheet If the Multiple lines flag is checked, the Default text field is dimmed. Click the button next to the Default text field. The Define Attribute dialog temporarily closes to let you create a Mtext entity. Do one of the following: Specify the x, y, and z coordinates for the attribute insertion point. Click the Pick Point button ( ) to specify the insertion point in the drawing. The command bar reads: Select insertion point. The Define Attribute dialog closes temporarily. (option) Set the Invisible attribute flag. Attributes with the Invisible flag set do not display nor print. If the ATTMODE (Attribute Display Mode) variable is set to 2, all attributes display, including Hidden attributes. (option) Set the Constant attribute flag. Attributes with the Constant flag set cannot be edited. (option) Set the Verify attribute flag. Attributes with the Verify flag set must be explicitly validated when a block containing such attributes is inserted. (option) Set the Preset attribute flag. When inserting a block you are not prompted to define attributes of which the Preset flag is set. You can edit attribute afterwards though. (option) Set the Lock Position attribute flag to lock the position of the attribute within the block reference. Unlocked attributes can be moved relative to the rest of the block using grip editing and multiline attributes can be resized. Define the Text properties: Text Style, Justification, Text height and Rotation. 3. Click the OK button to create the attribute in the drawing. The Define Attribute dialog closes. 4. (option) Right click to reopen the Define Attribute dialog, then repeat steps 2 and 3 to create another attribute. Using sheet set properties in a title block 1. Create the sheet set. 2. Define the custom sheet set and sheet properties. 3. Open a sheet (layout) from the sheet set. 4. Create the title block source entities in the paper space layout: Create the borders, line work and fixed texts. Create attributes with fields that refer to sheet set, subset and sheet properties (see To define an attribute). See the SHEETSET command to learn more about default and custom sheet set, subset and sheet properties. Custom sheet set properties: 2/3

116 06/12/13 Defining Attributes Sheet properties and sheet custom properties: 5. Create a block from the title block source entities. 6. Copy the block to drawing in one of your block folders (see To insert a block form another drawing). 7. Delete the title block source entities. 8. The title block can be inserted in the other sheets of the sheet set and in any other sheet set where the same custom sheet set and sheet properties exist. All fields that refer to default or custom sheet set, subset or sheet properties are filled out automatically. If no value is available, a field displays hyphens ( ) (see also Placing blocks with attributes) Menhirs NV. All rights reserved. 3/3