Hav og helse - hvordan kan vi overvåke havets helsetilstand?

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Gervais Williamson
8 years ago
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1 U N I V E R S I T E T E T I B E R G E N Institutt for biologi Hav og helse - hvordan kan vi overvåke havets helsetilstand? Anders Goksøyr NTVA, Bergen, 22. april 2014 uib.no

3 Transport

4 Fiskeri

5 Havbruk

6 Marine biotechnology workflow Marine living resources Aquaculture Products - Drugs - Elicitors - Biofuels - Food - Enzymes - Biopolymers - Organic compounds - etc. Biotechnology toolbox: - biodiscovery - molecular biology - microbiology - omics - etc. Services - Processes - Basic research - Ecosystem management - Bioremedition - etc. Value chain

7 Sekkedyr: nye ressurser for havbruks-næringen? Tunicol-prosjektet (BTO/Forny) Nye fôrressurser Og bioenergi Lavtrofisk akvakultur uib.no

8 uib.no

9 Marin forskning + biovitenskap = marin bioteknologi v/uib Bergen Marine Biobank (CGB/BIO/Uni) Bioprospektering/biodiscovery Marin bioteknologi NorzymeD (BIOTEK2021) (CGB/BIO/Uni) Tunicol-prosjekter (BIO/Uni/BTO) uib.no

10 Rekreasjon

11 Folkehelse

12 The Blue Gym: Havet på «blå resept»! 12

13 Økosystemtjenester

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15 An index to assess the health and benefits of the global ocean? BS Halpern et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11397

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19 Trusler

20 From Moore et al. (2012)

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22 Ocean and Human Health seafood( health'benefits,'' contamina,on' ecosystem(services( primary'produc,on,'' waste'remedia,on,' recrea,on' pollu4on( chemicals,'' microplas,cs,' radionuclides' marine(biodiscovery( nutraceu,cals,'biofuels,' 'drugs,'industrial'products' biological(hazards( harmful'algal'blooms,''' bacteria,' viruses,'parasites' mental(health( blue'gym,' aerosols' climate(change( global'warming,' sea'level'rise,' acidifica,on' 22

23 Behov for overvåking

24 Environmental toxicology Evolutionary and comparative aspects: Why do species behave differently? Exposure Mechanistic understanding: Where does it start? Systems toxicology understanding: What does it lead to? Ecotoxicological understanding: What are the ultimate consequences? And: How can we use this knowledge to develop tools for monitoring environmental and human health?

25 Zooplankton as sentinels of ecosystem health?

26 Komplekse responser på flere nivå Initiating event Response perturbation Adverse effect Exposure Targets Receptor, Enzymes Membranes DNA Toxicogenomics Transcriptome Proteome Metabolome Interactome Effects Growth Development Metamorphosis Reproduction Death

28 Robotics

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30 Nanosensor technology + toxins & contaminants Biosensor/nanosensor/biomolecule competence established in Norway at SINTEF Chemistry & Materials, Vestfold University College, UiB

31 SFI: Hav og helse CIROH aims at becoming a world-leading provider of innovative solutions for monitoring the health of ocean ecosystems, related to both coastal- and offshore industrial activities, and ecosystem services such as fisheries and aquaculture. The center will facilitate the development of new and converging technologies for realtime monitoring and tracing of environmental contamination, harmful algal blooms and toxins, and pathogen threats, as well as more efficient environmental impact assessment systems of oil & gas and aquaculture activities on ocean ecosystems. Partners: Uni Research, Institute of Marine Research, IRIS, Veterinary Institute, University College of Buskerud and Vestfold Aanderaa Instruments, Pharmaq Aanalytic, Steen-Hansen, Biosense Laboratories, Polarfeed, O&G industries uib.no

33 Environmental toxicology Exposure Mechanistic understanding: Where does it start? Systems toxicology understanding: What does it lead to? Ecotoxicological understanding: What are the ultimate consequences? Is there a link between contaminant exposure and obesity/ metabolic disorders?

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35 Mennesker med POPer har høyere risiko for Type 2 Diabetes Sweden Finland Canada Spain Denmark Korea USA Taiwan Slovakia Greece Japan USA: Lee DH et al. Diabetes Care 2006; Turik M et al. Chemosphere 2009; Lee DH et al. Environ Health Perspect 2010; Wu et al Environ Health Perspect 2013! Europe: Rignell-Hydbom A et al. Plos One 2009; Ukropec J. et al. Diabetologia 2010; Airaksinen et al. Diabetes Care 2011; Lee DH et al. Diabetes Care 2011;! Faerch K, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; Gasull et al. Environ Sci Technol 2012.! Asia: Wang SL et al. Diabetes Care : Son HK et al. Environ Inter : Uemara H. Environ Health Perspect 2009

36 Når de er studert! sammen:! POPs > omega 3

37 Vet vi nok? The Stockholm ConvenXon, a global treaty designed to protect human health and the environment from POPs, inixally included twelve groups of compounds for priority acxon. However in 2009 this list was expanded to twentyone groups, now including brominated flame retardants, fluorinated compounds and endosulfan, which was included under the ConvenXon in Limited informa.on is available regarding the toxicity of these compounds to humans and it is not possible to establish tolerable intakes of these contaminants by consumers without further research. 37

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39 Viktige forskningsoppgaver Vi trenger mer kunnskap om stoffenes gi]ighet Vi trenger mer kunnskap om sikkerhetsmarginer Vi trenger mer kunnskap om blandingseffekter Vi trenger mer kunnskap om flergenerasjonseffekter 39

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Tare Arbeidsplasser av et klimavennlig råstoff

Naturviterne Frokostmøte 12. februar 2015 Bergen Tare Arbeidsplasser av et klimavennlig råstoff Jorunn Skjermo Silje Forbord, Kristine Braaten Steinhovden and Aleksander Handå SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk