Maritime Resource Management

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Christal Caldwell
8 years ago
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1 Maritime Resource Management John Garner, Fleet Director Interferry Conference Vancouver 7 th October 2014

2 Key issues in the Human Element - Safety culture - Just culture - Learning culture driving continuous improvement - Leadership & commitment from the top - Participation of all stakeholders - Communication, shared attitudes, beliefs and perceptions

Leadership & commitment from the top - Participation of all

3 Cohesive Safety Culture - How to implement a Safety Culture from top to bottom - Manage the maturity of the Human Element (HEAT.) - Maritime Resource Management (MRM) training, & Refresher Training implemented across all vessels. - Human Element, Leadership, Management (HELM)

) - Maritime Resource Management (MRM) training, & Refresher

4 KLM Flight 4805 Tenerife - Capt van Zanten took off from Tenerife without clearance from the Control Tower and collided with a Pan Am aircraft already on the runway in thick fog. - Capt van Zanten, his entire crew and all passengers lost their lives. In all 584 people lost their lives. - Why would this seasoned pilot, the Head of Safety at KLM, make such a rash and irresponsible decision? - What part did the Human Element, Situational Awareness, Complacency and the Authority Gradient play in this incident? - How can the Maritime Industry learn from this tragic event

- Why would this seasoned pilot, the Head of Safety at KLM, make such a rash and irresponsible decision?

5 Learning from Aviation (2009) - Use of a strong learning culture, supported by anonymity for Pilots. - Behavioural training is provided additionally to technical training. - Close correlation between flight deck & ships bridge in the human factors - undermine risk control measures and result in unplanned events. - Relationship between Flight Deck Crew Pilots and the Cabin Crew is similar to the relationship between Deck & Technical and OBS Crew. - Work required to develop use of Cockpit Voice Recorders same as VDR.

- Close correlation between flight deck & ships bridge in the human factors - undermine risk control measures and result in

6 Benchmark with Aviation - Aircraft operations require high levels of operational control, communication. Cooperation, teamwork, management and leadership. - Co- pilots are taught to speak up when they see their superior officer is about to make a mistake. They are trained to challenge the Captain. - The training emphasises the need for the blocker to speak up and for the person in charge to listen and communicate effectively. - This challenge and response is part of cockpit/crew resource management (CRM). - CRM training is mandatory for all pilots in the airline industry.

- Co- pilots are taught to speak up when they see their superior officer is about to make a mistake. They are trained to challenge the Captain.

7 Authority Gradient

8 Crew Resource Management (CRM) - Crew & Maritime Resource Management (CRM/MRM) training are further developments of the original SAS Bridge Resource Management (BRM) Training Crew Resource Management (CRM) was introduced to the UK ferry industry in 1995 for vessels which required a similar high level of operational control. - Initial CRM training was delivered by a Braethens Airline pilot and a Physcologist. - The word Bridge de facto excludes engineers from Bridge Resource Management Training (BRM). Importantly, Chief Engineers, watch-keeping engineers were included along with Deck Officers and Captains in cross functional CRM training.

- Crew Resource Management (CRM) was introduced to the UK ferry industry in 1995 for vessels which required a similar high level of operational control.

9 Maritime Resource Management(MRM) - Maritime Resource Management (MRM) training is a further development of the original SAS Bridge & Crew Resource Management (BRM/CRM) Training. - MRM is the use and co-ordination of all the skills, knowledge, experiences/expertise and resources available to the crew to accomplish or achieve the established goals of safety and efficiency. - MRM aims to change attitudes and behaviours, not technical skills. - MRM includes the understanding of the importance of good management and teamwork, and the willingness to change behaviour. - Importantly, Chief Engineers, watchkeeping engineers and shore based fleet managers are included with Deck Officers and Captains.

- MRM is the use and co-ordination of all the skills, knowledge, experiences/expertise and resources available to the crew to accomplish or achieve the established goals of

10 Improved Safety Performance - Increased knowledge of human performance and limitations to give better understanding to guard against a lack of situational awareness and complacency. - Case studies such as the BREAR but also company related incidents are reviewed, as well as COSTA CONCORDIA. - MRM provides tools to be used on ships SEWOL. - Importantly, simulators are not used as MRM non technical. - MRM deals with human factors, situation awareness, human element, and complacency in a way that technical training can not.

- Case studies such as the BREAR but also company related incidents are reviewed, as well as COSTA CONCORDIA.

11 Integrated Transport Solution Spirit of Britain on sea trials 11

Crew Resource Management: Initial 1

Crew Resource Management: Initial 1 CRM: Initial 1 The effective utilisation of all available resources of, hardware, software, and liveware to achieve efficient, safe flight operations WikiofScience Crew Resource Management: Refresher 2