Immigrants, their children and the Norwegian social model. Anne Britt Djuve,

Transcription

1 Immigrants, their children and the Norwegian social model Anne Britt Djuve,

2 Segmented assimilation theory/ insights from the CILS studies in the US : what to expect for the children of immigrants in Norway? Who are the immigrant children and parents in Norway and what do we know about the intergenerational mobility? Interference from the Norwegian social model?

3 Path 4: parental non-participation in labour market, weak coethnic communities

4 4

5 Foreign born by country of birth Poland Sweden Lithuania Germany Somalia Iraq Denmark Pakistan Philippines Russia Iran Thailand United Kingdom Vietnam Bosnia-Herzegovina Afghanistan

6 Largest country groups Poland Sweden Lithuania Germany Somalia Iraq Denmark Pakistan Philippines Russia Iran Thailand United Kingdom Vietnam Bosnia-Herzegovina Afghanistan

7 Pakistan Somalia Irak Polen Vietnam Tyrkia Sri Lanka Kosovo Marokko Iran Bosnia-Hercegovina India Litauen Afghanistan Russland Tyskland Eritrea Sverige Filippinene Etiopia Danmark Kina Chile Children of immigrants,

8 Childen of immigrants aged th q Pakistan Vietnam Tyrkia Sri Lanka India Marokko Chile Somalia Iran Bosnia-Hercegovina Kosovo Filippinene Others

9 Labour market participation 4th q 2011 Somalia Eritrea Irak Thailand Afghanistan Marokko Iran Etiopia Russland Tyrkia Pakistan Kosovo Kina Finland Vietnam Bosnia-Hercegovina USA Filippinene Chile India Danmark Sri Lanka Tyskland Storbritannia Latvia Polen Island Litauen Nederland Romania Sverige Sysselsatte i hele landet Women Kvinner Men Menn 9

10 Pct active employed or in education age th q 2013 Source: Olsen 2013

11 Pct active employed or in education age th q 2013

12 Path 4: parental non-participation in labour market, weak coethnic communities

13 Social context Human capital - parents Familiy comp. Community resources Financial capital, parents Parental drive Education, children

14 Social context Human capital - parents Familiy comp. Community resources Financial capital, family Parental drive Secondary/Higher education, children

15 The Nordic Model Macroeconomic and industrial policy Production of goods and services Parties/ social partners. M Human resources, labour supply Welfare state: social security, education, active labour market policy Output: compressed wagedistr, high employment, high productivity, safety net and entry problems for low productive labour 15

16 Eligibility criteria Gross compensation level Minimum level Duration Unemployment benefit Income from employment of 1,5 G/3 G last year,/3 years actively seeking employment Appr 62,4 pst of income, up to 6G 62 pst of 1G 104/52 weeks (+/-2g) Sick pay Work capasity assessm allowance Illness, desease, at least 20%.Min 0,5G Illness, injury, at least 50 pst disable Disability pension Illness, injury, disability. Min 50& disable, treatment, WAA 100% from day 1, up to 6 G 20 pst of 0,5 G 1 year 66 pst up to 6G 2G 4 years pst of income 2G Until age 67 Retirement pension Age 62/ pst of income 2G Until death Introductory benefit Qualification beenfit Newly arrived refugee, need for qualification age Long time social ass claimants, no other benefits 2 years Social sec ben Poverty/Need Sustainable level of living. 2G 2G Presentasjon Discre- 16 tionary 2 years

17 Grunnbeløp (basic pension figure) 1G= NOK=10277Euro=10940 USD 2G= NOK=20554Euro=21880 USD 4G= NOK=41108Euro=43760 USD Big mac index 2012 (USD): Norway - 7,06 Euroarea - 4,34 USA - 4, Mexico Presentasjon - 2,7 17

18 Recognition Redistribution Diversity of values and practises Multiculturalism Cultural Assimilation Economic diversity/ Unequal opportunities Liberalism Integration

19 Combinations of Immigration and integration models Easy access Liberal and liberalistic Citizenship for all Closed borders Gate-keeping Citizenship for the chosen ones None Redistribution/Empower ment Integration policy