WINTER CYCLING OF STUDENTS: ATTITUDINAL AND NON -ATTITUDINAL ANTECEDENTS

Transcription

1 1 WINTER CYCLING OF STUDENTS: ATTITUDINAL AND NON -ATTITUDINAL ANTECEDENTS BY: JARI JUGA JOUNI JUNTUNEN MARI JUNTUNEN With this survey study we explore the university personnel s and students bicycle use and its motives especially when it comes to commuting between home and the university of Oulu (Linnanmaa campus or other unit of work/study).

2 Education: Doctoral candidate (Tech.) University of Oulu, ongoing Department of the Industrial Engineering and Management Topic of dissertation: Enhancing the supply security of the Finnish Defence Forces with game theory approach. D.Sc.(Econ. & Bus.Admin.) University of Oulu, Department of Marketing Topic of dissertation: Logistics outsourcing for economies in business networks - Dissertation was the winner of the Finnish Logistics Forum [Suomen Logistiikkafoorum] Best Logistics Research of the Year 2010 Award. M.Sc.(Econ.) University of Oulu, Department of Economics Minor subjects: corporate law, industrial engineering and management, accounting and mathematics. Engineer (Logistics) Jyväskylä Institute of Technology, SOME DETAILS: - 15 JOURNAL ARTICLES PEER REVIEWED CONFERENCE PAPERS ETC. - SEVERAL ARTICLES IN MAGAZINES, STUDIES AND REPORTS... - AND OF COURSE ALSO TEACHING Mechanic (Transportations) PPAOL, Kempele EXAMPLES OF WORKING EXPERIENCE: P.O. BOX 4600, University of Oulu tel. (08) , fax (08) RESEARCHER (OY - OBS, HULL - HUBS) - CONSULTANT/ EDUCATOR (SEVERAL PLACES) - DISTRIBUTION MANAGER (KIITOLINJA / VÄHÄLÄ) - TRUCK DRIVER (SEVERAL PLACES)

3 3 DEMOGRAPHICS Total 859 respondents (4,5 %) 548 female 303 male 568 Master level students (3,6 %) 253 Personnel (8,4 %) 82 Doctor level students Please notice that there are some missing responses. In addition, one person may be same time for example personnel and doctoral student. In the University of Oulu: Circa Students Circa 3000 Personnel

4 KIDS AND HOME 4 MY FAMILY INCLUDES CHILDREN AGED LESS THAN 10 YEARS. I HAVE LIVED IN OULU FOR YEARS.

5 DO YOU HAVE? DO YOU HAVE A TEMPERATURE LIMIT BELOW WHICH YOU DO NOT WANT TO USE A BICYCLE? IF YES, PLEASE INDICATE THE TEMPERATURE LIMIT HERE *C) 5

6 6 DISTANCE FROM HOME TO UNIVERSITY

7 7 HOW OFTEN, ON AVERAGE, DO YOU USE THE FOLLOWING MEANS OF COMMUTING BETWEEN HOME AND THE UNIVERSITY IN THE WINTER TIME (NOVEMBER-APRIL)?

8 HOW OFTEN, ON AVERAGE, DO YOU USE THE FOLLOWING MEANS OF COMMUTING BETWEEN HOME AND THE UNIVERSITY IN THE SUMMER TIME (MAY-OCTOBER, EXCLUDING VACATION)? 8

9 HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE IMPACT OF THE FOLLOWING FACTORS ON THE CHOICE OF YOUR COMMUTING MODE BETWEEN HOME AND THE UNIVERSITY (1 = NO IMPACT 7 = VERY STRONG IMPACT - - AVERAGES) 9

10 HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE IMPACT OF THE FOLLOWING FACTORS ON YOUR USE OF BICYCLE IN THE WINTER TIME (1 = NO IMPACT 7 = VERY STRONG IMPACT - - AVERAGES) 10

11 11 HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE CYCLING PATHWAYS IN OULU (1 = POOR 7 = EXCELLENT -- AVERAGES)

12 PLEASE ANSWER THE FOLLOWING ATTITUDINAL STATEMENTS RELATED TO CYCLING (1 = FULLY DISAGREE 7 = FULLY AGREE - - AVERAGES) 12

13 PLEASE GIVE YOUR OPINION ON OULU AS A CYCLING CITY (1 = FULLY DISAGREE 7 = FULLY AGREE - - AVERAGES) 13

14 14 MY INTENTIONS REGARDING THE USE OF BICYCLE ON A TWO-THREE YEAR S PERSPECTIVE ARE (1 = FULLY DISAGREE 7 = FULLY AGREE -- AVERAGES)

15 CLUSTER ANALYSIS BASED ON COMMUTING MODES: 4 GROUPS ARE FOUND 4 groups (clusters): 1)Car users (113) 2)Bikers (344) 3)Walkers (159) 4)Bus users (120) Clusters are determined by the most frequent commuting mode in the winter. Note: change of commuting behavior in the summer in three clusters; especially bike use increases (cluster center = 2, indicating use 1-2 times per week) Faculty of Economics and Business Administration/ Department of Marketing/ Jari Juga

16 SOME FEATURES OF THE GROUPS Demographics (average values) 1 (car users) 2 (bikers) 3 (walkers) 4 (bus users) distance fromtemp. limit age universityfor biking km -7.5 C km-19.1 C km-12.0 C km -8.2 C students personnel total (N) 1 (car users) 40% 60%100% (113) 2 (bikers) 80% 20%100% (344) 3 (walkers) 82% 18%100% (159) 4 (bus users) 82% 18%100% (120) Faculty of Economics and Business Administration/ Department of Marketing/ Jari Juga

17 COMMUTER GROUPS VS. MODE SELECTION CRITERIA NOTE: CORRECTED FIGURE! Clusters (Gr1-4): 1)Car users 2)Bikers 3)Walkers 4)Bus users Commuting mode selection criteria: a)economic considerations b)environmental considerations c)health-related considerations d)keeping up physiological condition e)convenience f)effortlessness g)total duration h)predictability of duration i)independence of timetables Scale: 1 = no impact 7 = very strong impact Faculty of Economics and Business Administration/ Department of Marketing/ Jari Juga

18 HOW QUALITY AND IMAGE INFLUENCE TO LOYALTY IN WINTERBIKING? Chi-Square Degrees of Freedom 83 P-value 0.00 RMSEA NFI 0.91 NNFI 0.90 CFI 0.92 GFI 0.90 i1 i2 i3 i4 i5 q1 q2 q3 q4 q5 q8 q9 l1 l4 l6 Oulu is a well-known name as a cycling city Oulu is distinguished for its strong cycling culture Oulu is known as a city that takes care of winter cycling conditions I can predict how well Oulu takes care of cycling pathways in the winter Compared to other cities, Oulu is known for the consistent quality of its winter cycling network coverage of cycling pathway network directness of routes clarity of routes availability of information on routes signposts on pathways condition of pathways in wintertime (snow clearance, sanding) lighting of pathways in dark time I will probably continue using the bicycle as before I will recommend the bicycle for commuting to my friends I will be very committed to using the bicycle for commuting

19 THANK YOU Comments and questions please