Modular Software Development for Quench Analysis of Accelerator Magnets
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1 Modular Software Development for Quench Analysis of Accelerator Magnets Erkki Härö and Antti Stenvall Department of Electrical Engineering Electromagnetics Tampere Finland 4th International Workshop on Numerical Modelling of High Temperature Superconductors Bratislava, Slovakia, May
2 Outline Modular quench simulation tool: what is it and why is it needed
3 Outline Modular quench simulation tool: what is it and why is it needed Structure of our software Platform Magnetostatic solver Heat diffusion equation solver Flow of the software
4 Outline Modular quench simulation tool: what is it and why is it needed Structure of our software Platform Magnetostatic solver Heat diffusion equation solver Flow of the software Case study and results: YBCO insert magnet
5 Outline Modular quench simulation tool: what is it and why is it needed Structure of our software Platform Magnetostatic solver Heat diffusion equation solver Flow of the software Case study and results: YBCO insert magnet What next?
6 Outline Modular quench simulation tool: what is it and why is it needed Structure of our software Platform Magnetostatic solver Heat diffusion equation solver Flow of the software Case study and results: YBCO insert magnet What next? Summary
7 Why is a modular quench simulation tool required? Design phases: detection phase protection system quench analysis
8 Why is a modular quench simulation tool required? Design phases: detection phase protection system quench analysis Related physics: thermodynamics magnetostatics magnetoquasistatics fluid dynamics
9 Why is a modular quench simulation tool required? Design phases: detection phase protection system quench analysis Related physics: thermodynamics magnetostatics magnetoquasistatics fluid dynamics Typically many individual tools e.g. heater design, current decay, field computation, AC losses, heat transfer to coolant
10 Why is a modular quench simulation tool required? Design phases: detection phase protection system quench analysis Related physics: thermodynamics magnetostatics magnetoquasistatics fluid dynamics Typically many individual tools e.g. heater design, current decay, field computation, AC losses, heat transfer to coolant Convenient usage of different tools is a common problem
11 Example 1 Figure: Early LTS-HTS dipole magnet design
12 Example 1 Quench analysis of Nb 3 Sn outsert and HTS insert. Such a configuration makes the quench analysis and magnet protection challenging since the quench behaviour in both of these coils is different.
13 Example 1 Quench analysis of Nb 3 Sn outsert and HTS insert. Such a configuration makes the quench analysis and magnet protection challenging since the quench behaviour in both of these coils is different. Going through design phases with different physics modules in different codes takes time e.g. compute magnetic field with one software, then compute thermal problem with different software and in the end analyze the effect of protection heaters with 3rd software
14 Example 1 Quench analysis of Nb 3 Sn outsert and HTS insert. Such a configuration makes the quench analysis and magnet protection challenging since the quench behaviour in both of these coils is different. Going through design phases with different physics modules in different codes takes time e.g. compute magnetic field with one software, then compute thermal problem with different software and in the end analyze the effect of protection heaters with 3rd software Everything could be handled with one software including multiple modules!
15 What kind of a platform to choose and why? Commercial software was not an option due to possibly restricted options in modelling. e.g. Comsol is a good tool for individual engineering tasks but not for comprehensive software development
16 What kind of a platform to choose and why? Commercial software was not an option due to possibly restricted options in modelling. e.g. Comsol is a good tool for individual engineering tasks but not for comprehensive software development From these starting points we decided that our software, will be based on open source (C++) FEM platform GMSH 1. There had been development project for GMSH going on for years in TUT, which was a tremendous help at the start. 1 C. Geuzaine and J.-F. Remacle, Gmsh: a Three-Dimensional Finite Element Mesh Generator with Built-in Pre- and Post-processing Facilities, Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng, vol. 79, pp , 2009.
17 Example 2 The following equations are necessary when constructing a finite element method based software: λ(t) T +Q(T,B) = C(T) T t, (1) T n T i ϕ i [T 1...T n ] T = T, (2) i=1 S(T)T+b(T) = M(T) T t, (3) S ij = ϕ i,λ(t) ϕ j. (4) Ω Element iterators and DoF managers were available from previous development. GMSH natural choice as the platform for our software!
![..T n ] T = T, (2) i=1 S(T)T+b(T) = M(T) T t, (3) S ij = ϕ i,λ(t) ϕ j.](/docs-images/45/10794191/images/page_17.jpg "(4) Ω Element iterators and DoF managers were available from previous development.")
18 Structure of the software: Heat diffusion equation solver In our software we analyze quench by solving the heat diffusion equation (1) within the coil volume 4.2 K 202 K 401 K Figure: Example computation of temperature distribution after the quench.
19 Structure of the software: Magnetostatic solver Magnetic field distribution is needed as an input for the quench solving module, thus, we have to solve the magnetostatic problem: 1 A = J. (5) µ Figure: Magnetic field distribution for HTS insert.
20 Structure of the software: Flow of the software Post-Processing Input Output Main Program Time-Stepping Method Modules related to solving physical Material Property Library problem Figure: Block diagram of the computational model
21 Case study and results: YBCO insert magnet Quench simulation for a small insert magnet was scrutinized Modular approach was utilized CERN coordinated European project for R&D of HTS accelerator magnets: our task is quench simulations Y Z X Figure: Investigated magnet.
22 Case study and results: YBCO insert magnet Complicated geometries can also be utilized Figure: Advanced model of the insert magnet.
23 Case study and results: YBCO insert magnet Even this is possible! Figure: Only computing power is a limiting factor.
24 What Next Some new viewpoints for normal zone propagation velocity computation of HTS coils. Will be presented in ASC2014.
25 What Next Some new viewpoints for normal zone propagation velocity computation of HTS coils. Will be presented in ASC2014. Current re-distribution during the quench for cable stack.
26 What Next Some new viewpoints for normal zone propagation velocity computation of HTS coils. Will be presented in ASC2014. Current re-distribution during the quench for cable stack. Quench analysis in a case where magnet current is being ramped up.
27 What Next Some new viewpoints for normal zone propagation velocity computation of HTS coils. Will be presented in ASC2014. Current re-distribution during the quench for cable stack. Quench analysis in a case where magnet current is being ramped up. Utility and performance improvements for the software.
28 Summary Structure of the modular quench simulation tool was presented. Magnetostatic solver. Heat diffusion equation solver. Solves quench using different modules combined with time-stepping.
29 Summary Structure of the modular quench simulation tool was presented. Magnetostatic solver. Heat diffusion equation solver. Solves quench using different modules combined with time-stepping. Quench simulation for YBCO coil was scrutinized. Using modular approach difficult geometries can be exploited.
30 Summary Structure of the modular quench simulation tool was presented. Magnetostatic solver. Heat diffusion equation solver. Solves quench using different modules combined with time-stepping. Quench simulation for YBCO coil was scrutinized. Using modular approach difficult geometries can be exploited. Thank you
MgB 2. Technology Institute of. Antti Stenvall antti@stenvall.fi. h t t p : / / w w w. t u t. f i / s m g
1 MgB 2 research at Tampere University of Technology Institute of Electromagnetics Antti Stenvall antti@stenvall.fi 2 Outline Earlier activity Coil modelling Test coil Conductor modelling Current activity
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