Teknologia- ja metalliteollisuuden seminaari Marraskuu 2015 3D-Tulostuksen mahdollisuudet nyt ja tulevaisuudessa Jouni Partanen, Aalto University
Lääketieteen sovellutukset Kirurkinen suunnittelu Kirurkinen inertti implantti Salmi M et al., Patient specific reconstruction with 3D modeling and DMLS additive manufacturing. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 18:209-214, 2012.
Gartner Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies
Markets for 3D-Printing Consumer 3D-printing Commercial since 2007 Markets 2012: 100 MUSD Growth 50 % Enterprise 3D-printing Commercial since 1987 Markets 2012: 2000 MUSD Growth 20-30 % Source: Wohlers Report 2013
Enterprise 3D-Printing Rapid Prototyping Widely used in all over the world Benefits many industries Almost on the plateau Additive Manufacturing > 30 % annual growth
3D-Printing objects are made out of slices Stacking up 2D images you can make 3D objects Conceptually simple process great for automation
Toimintakeskeinen suunnittelu Design for function
Fuel Injection Nozzles for Future GE Jet Engines About 15 individual pieces combined into one 30 % lighter structure Better performance http://www.industrial-lasers.com/articles/print/volume-28/issue- 6/features/additive-manufacturing-at-ge-aviation.html
AM-menetelmien luokitus Material Extrusion/(materiaalin pursotus) Vat Photopolymerisation/(nesteen fotopolymerisointi) Powder Bed Fusion/(jauhepetimenetelmä) Material Jetting/(materiaaliruiskutus) Binder Jetting/(sideaineruiskutus) Sheet lamination/(laminointi) Directed Energy Deposition/(suorakerrostus) 12/1/2015 9
Material Extrusion http://www.custompartnet.com/wu/fused-deposition-modeling
Stratasys - RedEye Manufacturing Volume production applications here 500 units per build High permormance polymer - Ultem
cubify.com 3D-printing content for consumers Low cost printers Owned by 3D Systems
Envisiontec Bioplotter 3D-Printing of Biomaterials. Biocompatible polymers Scaffold materials Growth factors Even living cells Multiple different kind of material delivery systems For 3D-bioprinting development see http://www.organovo.com/
Contour Crafting Under development at Univ of Southern California by prof Behrokh Khoshnevis 3D-Printing of concrete on a scale needed for building houses Each layer about 10 cm Shaping tool for concerete in order to get reasonably flat surface
Vat Photopolymerization
Dentistry Applications Invisible teeth aligners www.invisalign.com
Align Technologies
Lithoz, Austria Ceramic parts out of an SLA kind of technology Ceramic filled resin Post processing, sintering in a high temperature oven http://www.lithoz.com/en/
FormLabs Low cost, stereolithography system, ~ 3000 The object is cured from below
Powder Bed Fusion http://www.custompartnet.com/wu/images/rapid-prototyping/sls.png
Aerospace: Boeing
Laser sintering development project Looking funding through Kickstarter Protounits below 20k
Metals Conformal cooling http://www.sme.org/memagazine/a rticle.aspx?id=19126&taxid=1426 www.eos.info
New Opportunities Weight Optimization In 3D-Printing, complex objects can be made as easily as simple ones complexity comes for free
Super Efficient Heat Exchangers
Gold and Silver Optimization work for different materials takes usually 6 months or longer
Electron Beam Melting Like laser melting except the heating source is electron beam 3 kw of e-beam power Resolution not as good laser melting Vacuum chamber
Growth of Metal AM Systems http://wohlersassociates.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/metal.jpg
HP entering the market Planned commercial release 2016 http://3dprint.com/21454/hp-3d-printer/
Material Jetting http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/what-is-3d-printing-and-how-exactly-does-it-work/
Objet Digital Material
Binder Jetting http://blog.nus.edu.sg/u0804594/common-rp-techniques/d-3dp/
Metals ExOne Debinding and sintering in high temperature
VoxelJet VX-200 VX-4000
Sheet Lamination Sheet Lamination Mcor Technologies Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM) Helisys Ultrasonic consolidation Fabrisonic Solidica http://www.custompartnet.com/wu/laminated-object-manufacturing
Directed Energy Deposition http://blog.cafefoundation.org/?p=8410
LENS technology Laser Engineered Net Shaping Stacking up 2D images you can make 3D objects Conceptually simple process great for automation http://www.tms.org/pubs/journals/jom/9907/hofmeister/hofmeister-9907.html
Aurora Labs 3D Offered Directed energy deposition systems in Kickstarter for less than 5000 AUD Raised more that 300k AUD Canceled the campaign in about 2 weeks http://shop.auroralabs3d.com/
3D-Printing can change the world: Global network Local manufacturing 3D-Printing as Production Concept (10 20 year horizon) Currently 3D-Printing is minute fraction of total production Fast, cost effective design change
3D-Printing of Spare Parts
Fast Path to Production and Markets courtesy of Universal Robots J. P. Partanen, et al., Toolless Layer-Wise Production Methods: Adaptable and Fast Way to Customer, Annals of DAAAM for 2010 Katalinic, B. (Ed.), pp. 1587-1588, DAAAM International, Vienna (2010).
Current research Microstereolithography ADDLAB, design driven technology Tissue engineering Printing living cells
Kiitos! Jouni Partanen Aalto University Dept of Engineering Design and Production