Sed Orders for Reprits to reprits@bethamsciece.ae 112 The Ope Costructio ad Buildig Techology Joural, 2015, 9, 112-116 Ope Access No-operatig Urba Ifrastructure Project Maagemet Maturity Model o Aget Costructio Based o the Evolutioary Algorithm Qu Shasha * School of Maagemet, Xi a Uiversity of Architecture ad Techology, Xi a, Shaaxi, Chia Abstract: O the basis of comparig domestic ad abroad project maagemet maturity model ad issuig questioaires to collect the views of museum project maagemet staff, we costruct a project maagemet maturity model based o aget-costructio system by o-operatig urba ifrastructure projects. The results show that applicatio of agetcostructio system i o-operatig urba ifrastructure projects is feasible. Keywords: Aget-costructio system, o-operatig urba ifrastructure projects, project maagemet maturity. 1. INTRODUCTION No-profit urba ifrastructure ot oly for the lives of citizes to provide related services, is oe of the importat measures of govermetal fuctios, o-profit urba ifrastructure costructio projects to also play a role i promotig ecoomic developmet. Therefore, i recet years the Govermet has icreased o-operatig the costructio of urba ifrastructure projects. But for a log time, our oprofit urba ifrastructure costructio projects maagemet usig "costructio, maagemet ad use of" itegratio model, but exposes may drawbacks, serious waste of resources ad low efficiecy of costructio of the project, costructio maagemet, such as the low level of ivestmet out of cotrol occurred. I order to improve the ecoomic ad social beefits of govermet ivestmet projects, our govermet adopted i urba ifrastructure project maagemet operatios ot the aget based o the cocept of urba ifrastructure operatios ot based o ooperatioal project for the study of urba ifrastructure, urba ifrastructure project maagemet operatios with referece to the costructio mode, ad maturity model aalysis of costructio aget system mode of project maagemet implemetatio status o o-busiess aget of urba ifrastructure project maagemet maturity assessmet. Evolutioary is oe of the most importat algorithm i computer algorithms, iteratioally have doe a lot of research o it, we will coduct detailed. 2. ANALYSIS OF NON-OPERATION PROJECT MANAGEMENT MODE OF URBAN INFRASTRUC- TURE 2.1. No-Operatioal Overview of Urba Ifrastructure Projects Urba ifrastructure refers to citizes for the city public works ad public life, which is eeded for the productio *Address correspodece to this author at the School of Maagemet, Xi a Uiversity of Architecture ad Techology, Xi a, Shaaxi, Chia; Tel: 13530119982; E-mail: 417761055@qq.com ad developmet of geeral ifrastructure of the city. Accordig to urba ifrastructure projects to provide the physical ature of the products ad services, urba ifrastructure projects ca be divided ito urba ifrastructure projects, o-operatig profit urba ifrastructure projects [1]. I this paper, urba ifrastructure project i o-operatioal overview of this type of ifrastructure. No-profit urba ifrastructure projects are public goods, demostrated i cosumptio of public goods of ocompetitive ad o-exclusiveess, iefficiet allocatio of resources, resultig i o-operatig o the supply of urba ifrastructure of market failure. Because the market caot fully provide citizes of o-profit urba ifrastructure eeded, this requires the Govermet to o-busiess ivolvemet ad itervetio i the supply of urba ifrastructure. I order to meet the eeds of citizes for life, the Govermet will provide urba ifrastructure operatios ot directly fuded. Of course, with the social developmet, market completio, ad icreased participatio of private capital, which meas that o-profit urba ifrastructure projects betwee public spedig ad private cosumptio ad cosumptio will, its scope was chaged ad gradually arrowig. 2.2. No-Operatioal Aalysis of Maagemet Mode of Urba Ifrastructure Projects At this stage, o-operatioal durig the effective maagemet of urba ifrastructure projects, for o-operatioal maagemet mode of urba ifrastructure projects are as follows: Mode of costructio headquarters: Costructio headquarters is plaed i Chia uder the system of middle ad large capital costructio project maagemet by usig a basic form [2]. It was desiged by the employer, the costructio uits, local uits, staffed by some staff members from relevat govermet departmets at all levels to form a temporary costructio project maagemet body util after the completio of costructio, commad persoel are retured to the iitial jobs, retirig the project orgaizatio. 1874-8368/15 2015 Betham Ope
No-operatig Urba Ifrastructure Project Maagemet The Ope Costructio ad Buildig Techology Joural, 2015, Volume 9 113 Ifrastructure mode: Ifrastructure services are uits withi miistries resposible for ifrastructure costructio. Its mai job: resposible for lad maagemet ad use of makig overall plaig; developmet pla for ifrastructure; resposible for buildig the ifrastructure; for Omidirectioal maagemet of project; resposible for biddig. Therefore, the ifrastructure mode with "costructio, maagemet ad use of" three-i-oe features. Resposibility system of project Corporatio model: Project legal perso resposibility system is the costructio project by project legal perso of project plaig, fiacig, costructio, productio ad operatio, debt repaymet ad the whole process is resposible for icreasig the value of the assets of a project maagemet model [4, 5]. Although above three species maagemet mode has respective of advatage, but this three species maagemet mode are reflected out uits ad usig uits itegratio of pheomeo, that usig uits acts as a with uits of role, i ivestmet process i the lack o cost cotrol of supervisio, thus makes ivestmet cost caot get effective to cotrol [7]; also, due to this class project maagemet istitutios of features Basic are is temporary, its most related staff is temporary draw ad to, they o temporary istitutios by gives to they of post lack sese [8], ad uclear resposibilities pheomea occur, resultig i low efficiecy of project maagemet. 2.3. Aalysis of Costructio Mode Disadvatages based o such traditioal maagemet mode, the aget is i this case as a o-operatioal a ew maagemet mode of govermet ivestmet projects ad developmet of. Aget origiated i Uited States costructio maager (CM), which is geerated by a combiatio ad costructio practices i Chia out of a o-operatioal maagemet mode of govermet ivestmet projects. From July 2004 to articulate "o o-busiess ivestmet project to expedite the implemetatio of the Govermet aget" util today most provices ad muicipalities i Chia have itroduced a geeratio of orgaic, ad has gaied valuable experiece i some areas. Accordig to the atioal developmet ad Reform Commissio of the draft, the State Coucil approved i priciple of the reform of the ivestmet system decisio, refers to the Govermet of actig by way of biddig, select a professioal project maagemet uit, amely, costructio uits, is resposible for the costructio of the projects maagemet ad implemetatio, delivery ad use of the system after the project is completed. Aget costructio maagemet mode features, that is, employer, the aget o aget costructio maagemet mode, ad use through ecoomic cotracts to determie relatioships amog, the costructio uit has a ew Divisio of resposibilities [3]; it is o loger the sole owers. Due to the costructio mode, costructio uits were resposible for the desig ad costructio of the project, as well as to cotrol the project cost, schedule, quality, so aget uits played the role ower durig the costructio period, which makes costructio uits are o loger cofied to the so-called cosultat role. This maagemet model to solve the o-busiess of govermet ivestmet project costructio occurred durig the "costructio, maagemet ad use of the" three-i-oe, the ivestmet costs are out of cotrol, ad project maagemet iefficiecy has played a big role. Therefore, the aget mode is a more suitable for o-operatioal maagemet mode of govermet ivestmet projects. 3. ESTABLISH NON-BUSINESS AGENT OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT MANAGEMENT MATURITY MODEL 3.1. Project Maagemet Maturity Cocept Itroduced Project maagemet maturity to express is a orgaizatio (usually refers to a eterprise) i accordace with the objectives ad coditios of the capacity to implemet the project successfully ad reliably. I other words, the project maagemet maturity refers to the degree of maturity of project maagemet processes. Project maagemet maturity model i project maagemet process maturity cocepts evolved. Accordig to the accumulated experiece of traditioal project maagemet practice ad project maagemet to the project's success or failure has a greater degree of ifluece, so the researchers itroduced the cocept of project maagemet process maturity model, the model used to assess the overall project maagemet process measuremet ad cotrol, the extet of maagemet ad effective, so as to idetify problems ad propose appropriate solutios. The project mode formula is as follows: cm+ ( )+ 4a+b 2 (1) 3.2. No-Operatig Urba Ifrastructure Costructio Project Maagemet Maturity Models At preset, we have testig more tha 30 kids of project maagemet maturity model. Amog them, the OPM3 model CMM model, K-PMMM model, FMS-PMMM model, the most famous, these models are based o the qualitative or quatitative measuremet. Paper for o-operatig sex City based facilities project maagemet mature degrees of detectio, is i referece past scholars i geeratio formed mode Xia o operatig city based facilities project maagemet mature degrees model of exploratio ad research, that: i OPM3 mature degrees model of based Shag, iteds used quatitative measuremet method buildig a three dimesioal of project maagemet mature degrees model, ad usig "wid rose figure" of calculatio method measuremet research object of mature degrees grade. 3.2.1. Build Urba Ifrastructure Operatios Not Dimesios of Project Maagemet Maturity Model Based o-profit urba ifrastructure projects built by the three dimesioal structure of a project maagemet maturity model. These eight elemets i a differet perspective o the etire project costitutes a comprehesive set of maagemet, these eight factors are as follows: cotract maagemet, progress cotrol, quality cotrol elemets, elemets, elemets of cost cotrol, risk maagemet, safety ad evirometal maagemet, iformatio maagemet, warraty maagemet ad coordiatio elemets. Dimesios 2-project maagemet life-cycle stages, life cycle stage are
114 The Ope Costructio ad Buildig Techology Joural, 2015, Volume 9 Qu Shasha divided ito five stages: decisio makig, desig, ad costructio, operatio, ad maiteace phases. Dimesio 3 is project maturity level. Project maagemet maturity is divided ito five levels, specific descriptio as show i the table. Which grade 1 chaos level is miimum level, the level of sigificatly features is eterprise bega realized that project maagemet for eterprise competitiveess of upgrade role, but for project maagemet also i disorder State; Dag orgaizatio maagemet mature degrees i grade at 2 o'clock, orgaizatio has established prelimiary of project maagemet process, but overall of project maagemet level still lower, the level for simple level; i mature degrees grade at 3 o'clock, orgaizatio o project maagemet has height of cocer, ad maagemet process has strictly have specificatio defied, the level ca called specificatio level ; I the level 4 maturity level, eterprises ca cotrol various elemets of project maagemet, ca call this level of lea level, eterprise itegratio capabilities have bee greatly improved. Step by step to the highest levels of project maagemet maturity level 5, which is characterized by eterprise has formed a relatively complete system of project maagemet, eeds to maitai optimized, so this level is also kow as a high quality level [6]. Plaig helps us to reduce the rate of job loss; diagram shows the use pla withi 12 moths after the reductio i losses. The model selectio of the above three dimesios i the dimesios of the two, amely project maagemet lifecycle stage of evaluatio. Specific steps of the model as show i Fig. (3): Fig. (2). Efficiecy ad losses compariso chart. Fig. (1). Diagram of time ad efficiecy. I urba plaig, damage model could also icrease the rate of worker productivity, avoid duplicatio ad ieffective work, so as to make full use of time, speed up the progress of work. Correspodig compariso chart is show as follows: 3.2.2. Build Urba Ifrastructure Operatios Not Uder Aget Costructio of Project Maagemet Maturity Model The model is based o a quatitative, usig dyamic agle measuremet to assess the maturity level of project maagemet. The basic idea is this: first set the maturity level ad the assessed value of the correspodig relatio, the set the agles ad correspodig idicator system of evaluatio, the the measured values o the object beig evaluated i these idicators are calculated based o these measuremets it is worth assessig the project maagemet maturity levels. Fig. (3). Project maagemet maturity models to assess the four steps. I step 1, ad maturity level ad maturity of the relatioship betwee assessed values. Steps 2 i the, referece past project maagemet mature degrees model evaluatio idicators system of established method, this model of evaluatio idicators system is divided ito three a grade: first idicators system is o assessmet object i full life cycle all stage of project maagemet mature degrees idicators for assessmet; secod level idicators system [7] is o first level idicators system for refiemet; third level idicators system is o secod level idicators system of refiemet, it has ca operatio. I step 3, through the wid rose showig the miimum shadow area to get project maturity assessmet values ad practices described i the istace of the wid rose.
No-operatig Urba Ifrastructure Project Maagemet The Ope Costructio ad Buildig Techology Joural, 2015, Volume 9 115 Whe the level idicator project is a eve umber 2, ascedig order arrages all estimates obtaied a1 a2 a2.maturity ratig show as follows: 1 a1(a2 +a2 1)+ i 2 ai(a2 i+a2 +2 i)+a(a+1+a+2) 2 (2) Whe the level whe the item idex is odd 2+1, ascedig order arrages all estimates obtaied a1 a2 a2+1. Maturity ratig show: a1(a2 +a2 +1)+ ai(a2 +1 i+a2 +3 i)+a+1 a+2) 2+1 (3) I step 4, step 3 results of project maagemet maturity assessmet values ad comparig the maturity level they set up step 1, idetify project maturity level. a1(a2 +a2 +1)+ ai(a2 +1 i+a2 +3 i)) 2 1 (4) 4. AGENT MODE APPLICATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT MATURITY MODEL IN MUSEUM AND EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM 4.1. Project Backgroud Museum is a atioal symbol of culture, bearig the weight of a atio's culture, stregtheig the costructio of museums, heritage of Chiese civilizatio, the dissemiatio of scietific kowledge, promote harmoious ecoomic ad social developmet ad improve the people's quality of life, is of great ad far-reachig sigificace. Museum of ature, it is a public good, as museums ca be used by all members of society to share, to meet the eeds of citizes i differet levels of society, demostrated i cosumptio ad ocompetitive ad o-exclusivity, so the Museum is a oprofit urba ifrastructure. Pre-built i a city ow a history museum [8], the project covers a area of 60000 square meters, 50800 square meters, area of 7500 square meters of the heritage area, exhibitio area of 10500 sq. The city's aget wats to udertake the costructio of the Museum project, which is typical of aget costructio maagemet mode i istitutios. These desigs models rely o mathematical formulas are as follows: m 4( im+ ( ( m*i) ))+ i=1 m i im+ ( ) ( i( 1) ) (5) 4.2. Overview of the Applicatio Process Selected museum project as the target, the five phases of the life cycle of the project sets criteria to measure the maturity, respectively. Because the calculatio steps are basically the same i each stage, so just select the costructio phase of the measuremet process i detail. First will first level idicators system is divided ito 12 items elemets: developmet maagemet elemets, ad quality cotrol elemets, ad progress cotrol elemets, ad cost cotrol elemets, ad risk maagemet elemets, ad fiacial maagemet elemets, ad security ad eviromet maagemet elemets, ad iformatio maagemet ad coordiatio elemets, ad itegrated maagemet elemets, ad procuremet maagemet elemets, ad cotract maagemet elemets, ad late maagemet elemets, ext through survey questioaire makes by visit who assessmet all life cycle stage above 12 items elemets i all life cycle of importat degree. This example aalysis of questioaire data related to research methods, accordig to the ratig criteria for this project of 12 questioaires to techical staff ad project maagers. Pricipal Project Maager 4, costructio uit techicias ad project maagers a total of 5 people, costructio uits of the Geeral staff of 3 people. The model level idicator screeig criteria to average 4.0 baselies greater tha 4.0 were chose as level idicators 4.3. Evolutioary Algorithm A evolutioary algorithm (EA) is a heuristic optimizatio algorithm usig techiques ispired by mechaisms [10] from orgaic evolutio such as mutatio, recombiatio, ad atural selectio to fid a optimal cofiguratio for a specific system withi specific costraits. I artificial itelligece, a evolutioary algorithm (EA) is a subset of evolutioary computatio, a geeric populatiobased met heuristic optimizatio algorithm. A EA uses mechaisms ispired by biological evolutio, such as reproductio, mutatio, recombiatio, ad selectio. Cadidate solutios to the optimizatio problem play the role of idividuals i a populatio, ad the fitess fuctio determies the quality of the solutios (see also loss fuctio). Evolutio of the populatio the takes place after the repeated applicatio of the above operators. Artificial evolutio (AE) describes a process ivolvig idividual evolutioary algorithms; EAs are idividual compoets that participate i a AE. Evolutioary algorithms ofte perform well approximatig solutios to all types of problems because they ideally do ot make ay assumptio about the uderlyig fitess ladscape; this geerality is show by successes i fields as diverse as egieerig, art, biology, ecoomics, marketig, geetics, operatios research, robotics, social scieces, physics, politics ad chemistry Techiques from evolutioary algorithms applied to the modelig of biological evolutio are geerally limited to exploratios of micro evolutioary processes ad plaig models based upo cellular processes. The computer simulatios Tierra ad Aveda attempt to model macro evolutioary dyamics. I most real applicatios of EAs, computatioal complexity is a prohibitig factor. I fact, this computatioal complexity is due to fitess fuctio evaluatio. Fitess approximatio is oe of the solutios to overcome this difficulty. However, seemigly simple EA ca solve ofte complex problems; therefore, there may be o direct lik betwee algorithm complexity ad problem complexity. 4.4. Evolutioary Algorithm Types Similar techiques differ i the implemetatio details ad the ature of the particular applied problem. Geetic algorithm - This is the most popular type of EA. Oe seeks the solutio of a problem i the form of strigs of umbers (traditioally biary, although the best represeta-
116 The Ope Costructio ad Buildig Techology Joural, 2015, Volume 9 Qu Shasha tios are usually those that reflect somethig about the problem beig solved), by applyig operators such as recombiatio ad mutatio (sometimes oe, sometimes both). This type of EA is ofte used i optimizatio problems. Geetic programmig - Here the solutios are i the form of computer programs [11], ad their fitess is determied by their ability to solve a computatioal problem. Evolutioary programmig - Similar to geetic programmig, but the structure of the program is fixed ad its umerical parameters are allowed to evolve. Gee expressio programmig - Like geetic programmig, GEP also evolves computer programs but it explores a geotype-pheotype system, where computer programs of differet sizes are ecoded i liear chromosomes of fixed legth. Evolutio strategy - Works with vectors of real umbers as represetatios of solutios, ad typically uses selfadaptive mutatio rates. Differetial evolutio - Based o vector differeces ad is therefore primarily suited for umerical optimizatio problems. Neuro evolutio - Similar to geetic programmig but the geomes represet artificial eural etworks by describig structure ad coectio weights. The geome ecodig ca be direct or idirect. Learig classifier system - Here the solutios are classifiers (rules or coditios). A Michiga-LCS works with idividual classifiers whereas a Pittsburgh-LCS uses populatios of classifier-sets. Iitially, classifiers were oly biary, but ow iclude real, eural et or S-expressio types. Fitess is determied with either stregth or accuracy based reiforcemet learig approach. Probabilistic Solutio Discovery Algorithm (PSDA) - uses a probabilistic solutio discovery approach ad Mote Carlo simulatio to geerate the pseudo-optimal solutios. Fig. (4). Compariso chart. CONCLUSION Calculated from empirical aalysis ad empirical research o museum projects were selected by the project maagemet maturity level cotrol, although most of this result with the questioaire ad aget compaies, but to some extet, explais the project's project maagemet capability is superior. Accordig to the survey, i govermet plaig ad a efficiet list with project maagemet model for plaig services accouted for most of the provices, We took oe 8 efficiecy data model i place i the provices, the followig Fig. (4) shows the before ad after compariso chart: I additio, this article should be admitted based solely o the maturity level of a project to determie the aget mode what is feasible or ot has a certai degree of oesidedess, but the maturity level of this project i a sese, or is the aget system is ot adapted to the Museum project, at least we ca ow say that aget i the Museum project is worth tryig. Ad i the future, we will cotiue research o aget-based o-profit urba ifrastructure project maagemet maturity. CONFLICT OF INTEREST The author cofirms that this article cotet has o coflict of iterest. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Declared oe. REFERENCES [1] J. Pa, Z. Li, ad J. Gag, Orgaizatioal project maagemet maturity model i costructio Eterprise, Soil Joural of wood egieerig, o. 12, pp. 183-188, 2009. [2] X. Huag, ad J. Li, O the basis of scietific research project maagemet maturity assessmet ad improvemet, Scietific research maagemet, vol. 31, o. 4, pp.139-145, 2010. [3] Y. L. Yi, Research o maagemet mode of govermet ivestmet project, Nakai Uiversity Press, 2005. [4] L. Ha, Based o the costructio mode of railway egieerig project maagemet maturity model, Jili Uiversity, 2013. [5] C. Tag, Proxy method ad experiece of Govermet-ivested costructio projects, Costructio Supervisio, vol. 2, o. 5-10, 2008. [6] Where there are moutais, Govermet project maagemet systems ad coutermeasures i Chia, Costructio Ecoomics, vol. 7, pp. 75-78, 2007. [7] L. Ma, ad T. Ho, No-operatioal study o aget costructio maagemet of Govermet-ivested project, Costructio Ecoomics, o. 12, pp. 43-45, 2007. [8] W. Zhag, ad H. Zhu, Scope of applicatio of costructio aget system, Buildig the Ecoomy, o. 12, pp. 47-50, 2006. [9] A. Barrat, The architecture of complex weighted etworks, PNAS(USA), vol. 101, pp. 3747-3752, 2004. [10] D. Ashlock, Evolutioary Computatio for Modelig ad Optimizatio, Spriger, 2006. [11] A.E. Eibe, ad J.E. Smith, Itroductio to Evolutioary Computig, Spriger, 2013. Received: April 10, 2015 Revised: May 20, 2015 Accepted: Jue 15, 2015 Qu Shasha; Licesee Betham Ope. This is a ope access article licesed uder the terms of the (https://creativecommos.org/liceses/by/4.0/legalcode), which permits urestricted, ocommercial use, distributio ad reproductio i ay medium, provided the work is properly cited.