Installation and operating instructions for Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID Version: 1.3 Date: 2009-07-24
Table of contents Table of contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. General notes 2 Notes on the documentation 2 Liability conditions 2 Description of safety symbols 2 Basic safety measures 3 Product description 4 RAID overview 4 RAID level 4 RAID 1 (mirroring) 4 Configuration at delivery state 4 Status information 5 Status information from BIOS 5 Display during normal operation 5 Display after the failure of a hard disk 6 Display after the replacement of a defective hard disk 7 Status information under Windows 8 Display during normal operation 8 Display after the failure of a hard disk 8 Exchanging a defective hard disk 9 Rebuilding the RAID system 10 Requirements for a replacement hard disk 10 Resetting a replacement hard disk for the RAID rebuild 10 Resetting a replacement hard disk with the Configuration Utility 11 Resetting a replacement hard disk with the Storage Console 11 RAID rebuild under BIOS Selecting a hard disk for the RAID rebuild 13 13 RAID rebuild under Windows 15 Selecting a hard disk (drive) for the RAID rebuild 15 Starting the RAID rebuild in the standard view of the Storage Console 15 Starting the RAID rebuild in the extended view of the Storage Console 17 Rebuild process 19 Storage Console is closed 19 Rebuild process from the Storage Console 19 Extended view of the Storage Console 20 RAID diagnosis under TwinCAT 21 TwinCAT RAID diagnosis Querying the information 21 21 Beckhoff Support & Service 22 Beckhoff's branch offices and representatives 22 Beckhoff headquarters 22 Beckhoff Support 22 Beckhoff Service 22 Appendix 23 System requirements 23 Approvals 23 FCC: Federal Communications Commission 23 Radio Frequency Interference Statement 23 FCC: Canadian Notice 23 1 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
General notes General notes Notes on the documentation This description is only intended for the use of trained specialists in control and automation technology who are familiar with the applicable national standards. It is essential that the following notes and explanations are followed when installing and commissioning these components. Liability conditions The responsible staff must ensure that the application or use of the products described satisfy all the requirements for safety, including all the relevant laws, regulations, guidelines and standards. The documentation has been prepared with care. The products described are, however, constantly under development. For this reason, the documentation may not always be have been fully checked for consistency with the performance data, standards or other characteristics described. None of the statements in this manual represent a guarantee for as set out in 443 of the German Civil Code or a statement about the assumed use according to the contract as set out in 434 para. 1 clause 1 no. 1 of the German Civil Code. In the event that it contains technical or editorial errors, we retain the right to make alterations at any time and without warning. No claims for the modification of products that have already been supplied may be made on the basis of the data, diagrams and descriptions in this documentation. This documentation is protected by copyright. Any reproduction or third party use of this publication, whether in whole or in part, without the written permission of Beckhoff Automation GmbH, is forbidden. Description of safety symbols The following safety symbols are used in this operating manual. They are intended to alert the reader to the associated safety instructions. Warning i Note This symbol is intended to highlight risks for equipment, materials or the environment. This symbol indicates information that contributes to better understanding. 2 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
General notes Only switch the PC off after closing the software Warning Basic safety measures Before the Industrial PC is switched off, software that is running must be properly closed. Otherwise it is possible that data on the hard disk is lost. Switch off all parts of the equipment, then uncouple the fieldbus! Before opening the PC housing, for example to exchange a hard disk, all system parts must be switched off first and the Industrial PC must then be uncoupled from the system. Pulling out the fieldbus connection plug uncouples the PC (optional). System components that have been switched off must be secured against being switched on again. Warning Do not exchange any parts when under power! When components are being fitted or removed, the supply voltage must be switched off. Fitting work on the Industrial PC can result in damage: If metal objects such as screws or tools fall onto operating circuit boards. If connecting cables internal to the PC are removed or inserted during operation. If plug-in cards are removed or inserted when the PC is switched on. i Note Hard disks in hard drive caddies can also be exchanged whilst the Industrial PC is in operation. Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 3
Product description Product description RAID overview RAID system (Redundant Array of Independent Drives) A RAID system (Redundant Array of Independent Drives) serves to organize several physical hard disks in a computer into one logical drive (array). The essential aim of RAID systems is to support error tolerance and to improve the performance of the memory sub-system. i Note RAID level From the point of view of the user or an application program, there is no distinction between a logical RAID drive and a single hard disk. RAID level The RAID level defines how the data within the volume that encompasses the hard disks in the array is formatted. The Intel(R) Matrix Storage Manager supports RAID Level 1 (mirroring) amongst others. RAID 1 (mirroring) RAID 1 The RAID 1 level combines two or more hard disks so that all data is written simultaneously to all array members of the RAID 1 volume. In other words: the data is mirrored and distributed across the hard disks in the RAID 1 volume. This creates real-time redundancy of all of the data on the first drive. Due to the increased protection against failure, RAID 1 is normally used for storing critical data. Besides complete data redundancy, a further advantage is the increased reading transmission rate. Configuration Configuration at delivery state Industrial PCs with the CB1051 motherboard, which are delivered with more than one hard disk (HDD) are equipped with the SATA RAID system as standard. Two of the hard disks are then combined logically to make a RAID 1 drive. The hard disks can be permanently installed inside the computer or also accessible from outside via hard drive caddies. 4 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
Status information Status information The configuration of the system can be accomplished both in BIOS and under Windows. Furthermore it is possible to recall the status of the system in TwinCAT. Status information from BIOS RAID status Display during normal operation The first possibility to obtain information about the RAID status is during the BIOS boot process. The second boot screen shows a summary of the RAID status: Configuration Utility In this screen, the Configuration Utility can be opened with Ctrl I: Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 5
Status information Failure of a hard disk Display after the failure of a hard disk If the computer is restarted following the failure of a hard disk, the second boot screen may look like this, for example: Configuration Utility The status of the RAID volume is described here as Degraded. The status of the hard disk on Port 0 can be seen to be okay (green). If more than 2 SATA hard disks are installed inside the PC and one of the two hard disks in the RAID volume failes or the hard disk configuration inside the PC was changed because of other reasons, then at the next start or reboot of the PC it is required to enter the BIOS Setup. Go to "Advanced BIOS Features" "Hard Disk Boot Priority" and move the "INTEL VOLUME0" to the top position by using the cursor down and the picture up key. Otherway the PC will try to boot from hard disk three or four instead of booting from the RAID volume. The Configuration Utility does not display any further information: 6 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
Status information Without rebuilding the RAID volume Boot screen Display after the replacement of a defective hard disk If the defective hard disk was exchanged (please refer to chapter Requirements for a replacement hard disk) whilst the Industrial PC was switched off, or if the hard disk was exchanged under Windows during operation without starting a rebuild of the RAID volume, the second boot screen will appear as follows at the next PC start-up: A hard disk is shown on Port 1 that does not belong to any RAID volume. The new hard disk can be selected in the Configuration Utility for the rebuild of the RAID volume (see chapter Selecting a hard disk for the RAID rebuild). However, it is also possible, without first opening the Configuration Utility, to boot Windows, where the hard disk can then also be selected for the rebuild of the RAID volume (see chapter Selecting a hard disk (drive) for the RAID rebuild). Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 7
Status information Status information under Windows Normal operation Display during normal operation Under Windows the RAID system works in the background, i.e. under the operating system the user sees a logical drive that is indistinguishable from a single hard disk. There is no indication that the system is working properly. Failure of a hard disk Display after the failure of a hard disk Following the failure of a hard disk, a message appears in the task bar at the bottom right at each restart or new logon. Example: Port 0 and Port 1 are each connected to a hard disk; the two disks together form a RAID 1 volume. If the data cable is unplugged from the hard disk on Port 1, the following message appears: Storage Console Warning Clicking on the message opens the standard view of the Storage Console. The opening and usage of the Storage Console can under certain circumstances lead to impairment of real-time capability! In this example the hard disk on Port 0 (connection 0) is okay (shown in green). Storage Console: Example The extended view of the Storage Console, which contains further information, can be opened via the View menu: 8 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
Status information Extended view of the Storage Console i Note Exchanging a defective hard disk The defective hard disk can be exchanged under Windows during operation without restarting the PC (hot swap). This is particularly easy if the hard disks are mounted in hard drive caddies (please refer to chapter Requirements for a replacement hard disk). If the defective hard disk is exchanged under Windows during operation, the rebuild of the RAID volume can subsequently be started (see chapter RAID rebuild under Windows). Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 9
Rebuilding the RAID system Rebuilding the RAID system Requirements for a replacement hard disk In an ideal case, a replacement hard disk is brand new and must have at least the same storage capacity as the drive which it is to replace. If no brand new hard disk is available, the following points must be observed: All data that was stored on a drive before it was used as a replacement hard disk will be lost as a result of its use as a replacement hard disk. Information about the RAID system is stored on every hard disk that belongs to a RAID system. Therefore a hard disk from the RAID system of a different computer must be reset with respect to RAID before it can be used as a replacement hard disk. i Note Resetting a replacement hard disk for the RAID rebuild The resetting of a replacement hard disk is only necessary if it comes from a RAID system. Hard disks can be reset in the Configuration Utility during the BIOS boot process or under Windows. It is not necessary to reset a replacement hard disk with the PC, in which it will be used later. For example the disk can also be reset in the PC it comes from. The hard disks of the PCs with or without hard drive caddies are labeled with the port numbers. i Note The hard disks can be identified best via their port numbers. For each hard disk the port is shown in the Configuration Utility and in the Storage Console. 10 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
Rebuilding the RAID system Resetting a replacement hard disk with the Configuration Utility The hard disk is reset in the Configuration Utility under menu 3 Reset Disks to Non-RAID: Warning Resetting a replacement hard disk with the Storage Console The opening and usage of the Storage Console can under certain circumstances lead to impairment of real-time capability! With the Storage Console the according volume is reset, not the hard disk. After the volume that has to be reset was identified in the extended view of the Storage Console via the port of the according hard disk, Delete Volume has to be selected from the context menu of the according volume: Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 11
Rebuilding the RAID system Delete RAID Volume Wizard The wizard for deleting a RAID volume then appears: Selecting the Volume Clicking on Next opens the selection dialogue for the reset volume. The volume on which you previously right-clicked is already preselected. Clicking on Next will cause the warning to appear that any data will be lost. Clicking on Finish then completes the process. The volume (also the hard disk) will be reset now. 12 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
Rebuilding the RAID system RAID rebuild under BIOS Selecting a hard disk for the RAID rebuild If the Configuration Utility is opened, there is a possibility to specify a newly connected hard disk (theoretically, more than one new hard disk may have been connected) for rebuilding the RAID volume. If more than 2 SATA hard disks are installed inside the PC and one of the two hard disks in the RAID volume failes or the hard disk configuration inside the PC was changed because of other reasons, then at the next start or reboot of the PC it is required to enter the BIOS Setup. Go to "Advanced BIOS Features" "Hard Disk Boot Priority" and move the "INTEL VOLUME0" to the top position by using the cursor down and the picture up key. Otherway the PC will try to boot from hard disk three or four instead of booting from the RAID volume. In the example, only the defective hard disk was replaced: Configuration Utility After a hard disk has been selected, the Configuration Utility shows the new hard disk as a member of the RAID volume with the ID 0. The status of the RAID volume was changed from Degraded to Rebuild. At the lower edge of the screen there is a notice that the rebuild process will first be started under the operating system. Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 13
Rebuilding the RAID system Rebuild process starts under the operating system i Note If a hard disk has been selected in the Configuration Utility for the rebuild, the rebuild process begins immediately under Windows (see chapter Storage Console is closed). 14 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
Rebuilding the RAID system RAID rebuild under Windows Exchanging the defective hard disk Selecting a hard disk (drive) for the RAID rebuild If the replacement of the defective hard disk is carried out under Windows without having selected a hard disk for the rebuild up to that point, the following message will be displayed: Clicking on the message opens the Storage Console. Starting the RAID rebuild in the standard view of the Storage Console If a defective hard disk has merely been replaced by a new one, the rebuild of the RAID system can be started in the standard view. i Note For complicated cases there is a button in the standard view that opens the extended view (see chapter Starting the RAID rebuild in the extended view of the Storage Console). In the case that a hard disk from a RAID volume and a new empty hard disk are present, the target hard disk will not be queried. Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 15
Rebuilding the RAID system Clicking on the marked icon Restore RAID 1 data protection changes the view to: Clicking on the marked icon Rebuild RAID volume now will prompt the final question to be asked: After confirming with Yes the rebuild process starts (see chapter Rebuild process from the Storage Console). 16 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
Rebuilding the RAID system Extended view of the Storage Console Starting the RAID rebuild in the extended view of the Storage Console All RAID volumes and all hard disk connections are shown in the extended view. In the following view it can be seen that a hard disk is missing that previously belonged to a RAID volume and also that a Non-RAID Hard Drive is connected to Port 1. Clicking with the right mouse button on this hard disk enables the option Rebuild to this Hard Drive to be selected: Rebuild wizard The wizard for rebuilding a RAID volume then appears: Clicking on Next opens the selection dialogue for the new RAID hard disk. The hard disk on which you previously right-clicked is already preselected. Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 17
Rebuilding the RAID system Selecting the hard disk Clicking on Next will cause the warning to appear that any data existing on the new hard disk will be lost during rebuilding: Warning If the rebuild of the RAID volume is started, all data on the selected hard disk will be irreversibly deleted! The rebuild is started by clicking on Finish (see chapter Extended view of the Storage Console). 18 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
Rebuilding the RAID system Rebuild process Rebuild message Storage Console is closed When the rebuild process starts under Windows, this will be indicated by a message at the bottom right next to the clock: The animated icon is displayed throughout the entire rebuild process and disappears without a further message when the rebuild is complete. Clicking with the mouse on the message will open the Storage Console (see chapter Rebuild process from the Storage Console). Storage Console Rebuild process from the Storage Console Clicking on the message RAID Volume Rebuilding opens the Storage Console, where the progress of the process can be followed: Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 19
Rebuilding the RAID system Storage Console Once the rebuild process is complete, the Storage Console displays the following view: Progress display in the Console Extended view of the Storage Console If the corresponding volume is selected by clicking on it at the left-hand side during rebuilding, progress can be followed on the right-hand: 20 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
RAID diagnosis under TwinCAT RAID diagnosis under TwinCAT The RAID system works in the background, i.e. under the operating system the user sees a logical drive that is indistinguishable from a single hard disk. The configuration of the system can be accomplished both in BIOS and under Windows. Furthermore it is possible to check the status of the system in TwinCAT. i Note TwinCAT RAID diagnosis The Storage Console must be installed in order to be able to use TwinCAT RAID diagnosis! As an alternative to the user interface of the Intel Matrix Storage Console, the TwinCAT RAID diagnosis offers a real-time-capable option for querying the status of the RAID system. In order to change the RAID system, however, the Storage Console must still be used. The information is queried by a standardized interface of the RAID driver. Querying the information The information query is divided into three steps: Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 i Note Information about the existing RAID controllers Here, both the number and the IDs of the existing RAID controllers are displayed. Information about the existing RAID volumes The numbers of existing volumes and hard disks are listed. Status of the existing RAID volumes The status is queried in each case for a single controller ID and a single set number: RAID type, status of the RAID volume (OK, degraded, rebuilding, failed), number of hard disks that make up the set, serial numbers of the hard disks that make up the set and the hardware ports on the motherboard to which the hard disks making up the set are connected. In the event of a failure it can hence be determined which hard disk is OK or which one must be replaced. In the case of delivery with hard drive caddies, these are each identified by a label showing the port number. A set is the combination of hard disks to form a RAID system. This is described as a volume in the operating system. Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 21
Beckhoff Support & Service Beckhoff Support & Service Beckhoff and their partners around the world offer comprehensive service and support, making available fast and competent assistance with all questions related to Beckhoff products and system solutions. Beckhoff's branch offices and representatives Please contact your Beckhoff branch office or representative for local support and service on Beckhoff products! The addresses of Beckhoff's branch offices and representatives round the world can be found on her internet pages: http://www.beckhoff.com You will also find further documentation for Beckhoff components there. Beckhoff headquarters Beckhoff Automation GmbH Eiserstraße 5 D-33415 Verl Germany Phone: +49(0)5246/963-0 Fax: +49(0)5246/963-198 e-mail: info@beckhoff.com Beckhoff Support Support offers you comprehensive technical assistance, helping you no only with the application of individual Beckhoff products, but also with other, wide-ranging services: world-wide support design, programming and commissioning of complex automation systems and extensive training program for Beckhoff system components Hotline: +49(0)5246/963-157 Fax: +49(0)5246/963-9157 e-mail: support@beckhoff.com Beckhoff Service The Beckhoff Service Center supports you in all matters of after-sales service: on-site service repair service spare parts service hotline service Quote the project number Hotline: +49(0)5246/963-460 Fax: +49(0)5246/963-479 e-mail: service@beckhoff.com If servicing is required, please quote the project number of your Industrial PC. 22 Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID
Appendix Appendix System requirements Operating system Windows XP from Service Pack 2 Other operating systems after consulting Beckhoff service TwinCAT Version At least TwinCAT version 2.10 build 1313. TwinCAT on the D partition: At least version 2.10 build 1313. In special cases Beckhoff service must be consulted. Hard disk capacity The hard disks in the RAID volume must have the same capacity FCC Approval for USA FCC Approval for Canada Approvals FCC: Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. FCC: Canadian Notice This equipment does not exceed the Class A limits for radiated emissions as described in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications. Beckhoff onboard SATA-RAID 23