RAID installation guide for Silicon Image SiI3114

Transcription

1 RAID installation guide for Silicon Image SiI3114

2 Contents Contents 2 1 Introduction About this Guide The Basics What is RAID? Advantages of RAID Disadvantages of RAID Different Types of RAID Configurations RAID 0 (Striped) RAID 1 (Mirrored) RAID 10 (Striped & Mirrored) RAID 5 (Parity RAID) JBOD (Just Bunch of Disks) 6 2 Drivers Creating a Driver Disk Installing Drivers 6 3 Installing Hard Disks 7 4 Creating a RAID Array Using the RAID Configuration Utility Creating Arrays Automatically Creating Arrays Manually Creating RAID Creating RAID Creating RAID Creating SPARE DRIVE Deleting RAID Sets Rebuild RAID1 Set Resolving Conflicts Low Level Formatting Logical Drive Information 15 5 Using your RAID Drive Partitioning and Formatting Under Windows XP Installing an OS on a RAID Drive Installing Windows 98/ME Installing Windows 2000/XP 16 Page 2 of 30

3 6 Using Hard Drives as SATA Mode 19 7 SATARAID5 GUI Installation 20 8 JAVA 2 Runtime Environment Installation 21 9 Creating a RAID 5 Array Using the SAM (SiI Array Manager) Utility Allocating Partitions in Windows Windows 2000 / XP / Server Creating the Partitions 27 Page 3 of 30

4 1 Introduction 1.1 About this Guide This document provides a brief step-by-step guide for beginners in how to set up a RAID drive using the onboard SiI 3114 controller, operating under the Windows XP environment. This guide was designed to only cover the basic operations in setting up RAID. 1.2 The Basics What is RAID? RAID Technology manages multiple disk drives to enhance I/O performance and provide redundancy in order to withstand the failure of any individual member, without the loss of data. There are many different methods of implementation for RAID, with each having advantages and disadvantages Advantages of RAID The obvious advantage of using a RAID configuration is the ability to create drives with larger capacity. However, since multiple drives are used, data can be stored in such a way that it spans over many disks, thus the information can be accessed by the disks simultaneously, significantly improving data access times Disadvantages of RAID Using many drives has a disadvantage. The probability of a single drive failing out of many drives is much higher than that of one failing out of only one. This results in a greater chance of losing the information on your disks. There are ways however, to minimize this effect, even making it more reliable than using single disks. 1.3 Different Types of RAID Configurations Raid levels or set types are given a numerical designator that defines its implementation. Silicon Image Sil3114 SATARaid provides support for four RAID Set types: Striped (RAID 0), Mirrored (RAID 1), Mirrored/Striped (RAID 10) and Parity RAID (RAID 5 by SATARAID5 software) RAID 0 (Striped) RAID 0 works by breaking down data and spreading it over multiple disk drives. RAID 0 does not protect data from failure, and due to the way it stores data, a fault on one drive would result in failure of the entire array. It does however, have vast improvements in both reading and writing speeds, with the theoretical speed proportional to the number of disks used in the array. It is also fairly efficient in using disk space, with its size is equal to the size of the smallest disk multiplied by the number of disks. Page 4 of 30

5 1.3.2 RAID 1 (Mirrored) RAID 1 works by maintaining an identical copy of the data of one drive on another. If either of these drives should fail, no information is lost as the second drive will always contain an identical copy of the other. A RAID 1 system can be recovered by simply replacing the damaged disk and mirroring the data on the new drive. This method should cause a decrease in writing speeds, and results in a disk capacity equivalent to that of the smaller disk RAID 10 (Striped & Mirrored) RAID 10 combines the features of both RAID 0 and RAID 1. Performance is provided through the use of Striping (RAID 0), while adding the fault tolerance of Mirroring (RAID 1). The implementation of RAID 10 requires four drives. The drives are assigned as two sets of striped pairs. The data is written to RAID Set A, which is striped (RAID 0). This allows maximum speed. The data is then mirrored to another RAID 0 striped set, which is Set B in the figure above. This provides data redundancy (RAID 1), and thus increased data security. Under certain circumstances, a RAID 10 set can sustain multiple simultaneous drive failures RAID 5 (Parity RAID) RAID 5 (Parity RAID) adds fault tolerance to Disk Striping by including parity information with the data. Parity RAID dedicates the equivalent of one disk for storing parity stripes. The data and parity information is arranged on the disk array so that parity is written to different disks. There are at least 3 members to a Parity RAID set. The following example illustrates how the parity is rotated from disk to disk. Parity RAID uses less capacity for protection and is the preferred method to reduce the cost per megabyte for larger installations. Mirroring requires 100% increase in capacity to protect the data whereas the above example only requires a 50% increase. The required capacity decreases as the number of disks in the group increases. Page 5 of 30

6 1.3.5 JBOD (Just Bunch of Disks) The JBOD is a virtual disk that can either be an entire disk drive or a segment of a single disk drive. JBOD function only supports one disk. 2 Drivers A driver is required for your operating system (OS) to recognize your RAID drives. If you are planning to install Windows NT 4.0/2000/XP or Server 2003 on a RAID drive, you will need a copy of the drivers on a floppy disk during installation (refer to 2.1 Creating a Driver Disk). If the RAID drive is to be installed onto a system with an existing OS, please ensure the drivers are correctly installed for your OS to recognize the newly constructed RAID system (refer to 2.2 Installing Drivers). 2.1 Creating a Driver Disk **This most likely will need to done on a second computer unless you are reinstalling your OS onto a RIAD drive.** 1) Insert your motherboard s Support CD into you CD-ROM drive. A menu should automatically pop up if Autorun is enabled. 2) Click on Make Silicon SATA/RAID Driver Disk if the option is available. 3) Insert a blank floppy Disk and then press Extract button to create a SiI 3114 SATARaid Driver Disk. 2.2 Installing Drivers The drivers for the SiI 3114 SATARaid controller should be already installed if you have followed your motherboard s manual after installing your OS. However, it is still best to check. 1) Make sure the Silicon Image Mode is [RAID Mode] in BIOS setup menu. 2) Under Windows XP, right click on My Computer and go to properties. 3) Click on the Hardware tab and then click on Device Manager. 4) Open SCSI and RAID controllers and check if Silicon Image SiI 3114 SATARaid5 Controller is there. Page 6 of 30

7 5) If it is, then you should be ready to install your RAID drive. If not, follow the remaining steps to install the driver. 6) Insert your motherboard s Support CD into your CD-ROM drive. A menu should automatically pop up if Autorun is enabled. 7) Click on Silicon Image SATA/RAID driver on the Drivers tab. Likewise, if Autorun isn t enabled, open the file \Drivers\Sil3114\SATA&RAID_Driver\SI3114.exe to install the driver manually. 3 Installing Hard Disks The SiI 3114 SATARaid controller supports up 4 serial ATA connectors, both of these are needed to create a RAID array. When installing hard disks for a RAID array, it is preferable to use disks that are similar. For best results, use identical disks. Connect 2 or more SATA hard drives to the SATA connectors, referring to your motherboard s manual for help if necessary. 4 Creating a RAID Array 4.1 Using the RAID Configuration Utility Enter the RAID configuration utility by pressing <Ctrl+S> or <F4> when it prompts you to do so during boot. Page 7 of 30

8 The main menu of the utility allows you to access the functions used to create and manage your RAID arrays. 4.2 Creating Arrays Automatically This method allows you to quickly create a RAID array using default settings. (Please make you have already back up your data in hard drive before you create arrays) 1) Enter the configuration utility and select Create RAID set. 2) Select the RAID configuration you want. 3) Select Auto configuration. 4) The message Are You Sure (Y/N)? will display before completing the configuration. Answer <Y> to proceed with the RAID set creation, or <N> to abort the creation of the new RAID set. Page 8 of 30

9 4.3 Creating Arrays Manually This method allows you to manually create RAID arrays (Please make you have already back up your data in hard drive before you create arrays), allowing better flexibility over what was offered when setting up automatically (4.2 Creating Arrays Automatically) Creating RAID 0 1) Enter the configuration utility and select Create RAID set. 2) Select RAID 0 Striped set. 3) Select Manual configuration. 4) Select how many drivers for the RAID 0 set if there are 3 or 4 SATA hard disks installed. 5) Select chunk size (4K, 8K, 16K, 32K, 64K or 128K) for striped (RAID 0) set. 6) Press Enter to select first, second (third and fourth) drive of the raid set. 7) The message Are You Sure (Y/N)? will display before completing the configuration. Answer <Y> to proceed with the RAID set creation, or <N> to abort the creation of the new RAID set Creating RAID 1 1) Enter the configuration utility and select Create RAID set. 2) Select RAID 1 Mirrored set. 3) Select Manual configuration. 4) Select a disk as your source drive. 5) Select one of the remaining drives as your target drive. 6) Select Create with data copy or Create without data copy. A. If Create with data copy is selected, it will enable disk copy for Mirrored (RAID 1) set. Disk copy - copy current content of source drive to mirror drive. If online copy is selected, system will copy disk in background. If offline copy is selected, system will copy disk now. B. If Create without data copy is selected, it will disable disk copy for Mirrored (RAID 1) set. RAID 1 set formed must be repartitioned and reformatted to guarantee the consistency in their contents. 7) The message Are You Sure (Y/N)? will display before completing the configuration. Answer <Y> to proceed with the RAID set creation, or <N> to abort the creation of the new RAID set Creating RAID 10 1) Enter the configuration utility and select Create RAID set. 2) Select RAID 10 combination set. Page 9 of 30

10 3) Select Manual configuration. 4) Select chunk size (4K, 8K, 16K, 32K, 64K or 128K) for striped (RAID 0) set. 5) Press Enter to select first, second, third and fourth drive of the raid set. 6) Select Create with data copy or Create without data copy. A. If Create with data copy is selected, it will enable disk copy for Mirrored (RAID 1) set. Disk copy - copy current content of source drive to mirror drive. B. If Create without data copy is selected, it will disable disk copy for Mirrored (RAID 1) set. RAID 1 set formed must be repartitioned and reformatted to guarantee the consistency in their contents. 7) The message Are You Sure (Y/N)? will display before completing the configuration. Answer <Y> to proceed with the RAID set creation, or <N> to abort the creation of the new RAID set Creating SPARE DRIVE The Create RAID set option is also used to allocate a spare drive to a RAID 1 set. This spare drive can be allocated to the set using the SATARaid GUI in the event of a failure of one of the drives in the test. To allocate a spare drive, follow the procedure outlined above, choosing "SPARE DRIVE" for the set type. 1) Enter the configuration utility and select Create RAID set. 2) Select SPARE DRIVE. 3) Press "Enter" to select spare drive. 4) The message Are You Sure (Y/N)? will display before completing the configuration. Answer <Y> to proceed with the RAID set creation, or <N> to abort the creation of the new RAID set. Page 10 of 30

11 4.4 Deleting RAID Sets Should you no longer wish to use your raid drive, you can delete it. 1) To remove one or more RAID sets, select "Delete RAID Set". 2) Select the desired set and press Enter. 3) Press "Y" when asked, "Are You Sure?" 4) The drivers will be returned to the selection of logical drives from which a new RAID set can be created. Page 11 of 30

12 4.5 Rebuild RAID1 Set This is used to initiate the copying of data from an existing drive to a replacement drive that has been installed in a RAID1 set after the failure of one of the members. 1) Select "Rebuild RAID1 set". 2) Select the desired set and press Enter. 3) Press "Y" when asked, "Are You Sure?" 4) The set will be rebuilt. The status of the rebuild is displayed in the MAIN MENU window. Page 12 of 30

13 4.6 Resolving Conflicts When a RAID set is created, the metadata written to the disk includes drive connection information including the channel on the host adapter to which it is connected. If after a disk failure the replacement disk was previously part of a RAID set or used in another system, it may have conflicting metadata, specifically in reference to the drive connection information. If so, this will prohibit the RAID set from being either created or rebuilt. In order for the RAID set to function properly, this old metadata must be first overwritten with the new metadata. To correct this, select "Resolve Conflict" and the correct metadata, including the correct drive connection information, will automatically be written to the replacement disk. 1) Select Resolve Conflicts and press Enter. 2) Select the "Conflict" entry in the Logical Drive Status window and press Enter. 3) Note that some conflict resolutions may result in the drive letter assignment changing; for example the RAID set may have been drive D: but after the conflict resolution, it may become drive E:. Be aware of this when performing a conflict resolution. To maintain the same drive lettering, the SATA cables connected to the drives may need to be swapped, or in the case of a SATA-based removable drive unit, the order of the Page 13 of 30

14 drives within the chassis made need to be changed. Press <Y> to accept the change and resolve to conflict. 4) The conflict will be resolved. The RAID Set will appear in the logical Drive window. 4.7 Low Level Formatting The Low Level Format menu selection allows the complete erasure of data on a hard drive. This is not an action which typically needs to be performed as formatting the drive under Windows is usually sufficient to prepare the drive for use. Page 14 of 30

15 4.8 Logical Drive Information This menu item allows the display of the assignment of physical drives within a logical set (RAID set, RAID 1 spare, or unassigned). It is a display-only function. Use the up and down arrow keys to scroll between the drives in the Logical Drive Properties window. Press the ESC key when done viewing logical drive information. Page 15 of 30

16 5 Using your RAID Drive Once you created your RAID drive, it will act like any other newly installed disk drive; it will be unpartitioned and unformatted. You will have to partition and format the drive in order to properly use it. If you are installing Windows, the setup program will allow you to partition and format the drive during installation. 5.1 Partitioning and Formatting Under Windows XP The Disk Management utility is used to partition and format disks under Windows XP. 1) Right click on My Computer and select manage. 2) Select Disk Management under Storage. For further information on how to use this utility, consult your Windows manual or click on Help. 5.2 Installing an OS on a RAID Drive Installing an operating system on a RAID drive is the same as installing it on a standard drive except that a RAID driver needs to be installed during the installation of the OS Installing Windows 98/ME A driver disk is not need to install Windows 98 and ME onto your RAID drive. However, it is recommended that the drivers on your Support CD be used instead of the ones already provided Installing Windows 2000/XP 1) Remove any floppy disks from their drives. 2) Insert your Windows installation CD into your CD-ROM drive and restart your computer. 3) Enter CMOS setup screen, and follow instructions in your user s manual to set your desired optical drive (the one with the Windows installation CD inside) as the first boot device, then save and exit the CMOS setup screen. 4) Press any key in boot from the CD when prompted (in some motherboards, booting from a CD is automatic and no keys are needed to be pressed). 5) Press <F6> when Windows asks if you need to install a third party SCSI or RAID driver. Page 16 of 30

17 6) When Windows finishes an examination of your system, you will be asked to specify additional devises or to ignore it. Press <S> to specify your SiI 3114 SATA RAID controller. 7) Insert the floppy containing the RAID drivers created in 2.1 Creating a Driver Disk and then press <Enter>. Page 17 of 30

18 8) Select Silicon Image SiI 3114 SATARaid Controller for Windows XP/Server 2003 or Silicon Image SiI 3114 SATARaid Controller for Windows NT 4.0 and ) Windows Setup will load support for the Silicon Image SiI 3114 SATARaid Controller Driver. Do not remove the floppy disk from Driver A: during Windows Setup. 10) The RAID driver is now loaded, continue the installation of Windows as you normally would. Page 18 of 30

19 6 Using Hard Drives as SATA Mode Drives connected to the Silicon Image RAID connectors do not have to be set up in a RAID array in order for them to work. By simply not assigning them to an array, they can be used like any other drive connected to the board s main IDE connectors. 1) Make sure the Silicon Image Mode is [SATA Mode] in BIOS setup menu. 2) Follow the remaining steps to install the SATA Mode driver manually. 3) Clean install Windows XP, right click on My Computer and go to properties. 4) Click on the Hardware tab and then click on Device Manager. 5) Open SCSI and RAID controllers and right click on 'PCI Mass Storage Controller' or 'PCI Raid controller' device, click on the Update Driver.... 6) A "Can Windows connect to Windows Update to search for software?" window should appear in Windows XP SP2 environment, choose No, not this time. and click on the Next button 7) Choose "Install from a list or specific location (Advanced)" then click on Next button. 8) Choose "Don't search. I will choose the driver to install." Then click on Next button. 9) Click on "Have Disk..." button and Browse the specific folder, \Drivers\Sil3114\SATA_RAID_Driver\ on support CD, then open [SI3114r.inf] file. Click on the OK, Next and Finish button to complete the installation. Restart the computer when prompted. Page 19 of 30

20 7 SATARAID5 GUI Installation Insert your motherboard s Support CD into your CD-ROM drive. A menu should automatically pop up if Autorun is enabled. Click on Silicon Image SATA/RAID driver on the Drivers tab. Likewise, if Autorun isn t enabled, open the file \Drivers\Sil3114\RAID_5_Driver\SiLSAM000014c.exe. Select this file and open it. The installation will begin. Click the Next button when the Welcome window appears. Click the Next button to install the SATARAID5 program in the default directory (recommended). An alternate directory may be selected if desired. Click the Finish button to complete the installation. Page 20 of 30

21 8 JAVA 2 Runtime Environment Installation The Java 2 Runtime Environment is required for the SATARAID5 GUI. This installer program will run automatically after the SATARAID5 program installation completes. When a windows appears asking for acceptance the license agreement, select I accept the terms of this license agreement and click Next. Page 21 of 30

22 Choose the Typical setup type and click Next. When the installation completes, click Finish. Restart the computer when prompted. Page 22 of 30

23 9 Creating a RAID 5 Array 9.1 Using the SAM (SiI Array Manager) Utility The SATARAID5 GUI Installation program configures the SATARAID5 GUI to automatically star when Windows is started. If the SATARAID5 GUI does not automatically start or is closed, choose the SATARAID5 program, SAM(SiI Array Manager) from the Start Menu to launch to GUI. 1) The SATARAID5 GUI monitors the system s RAID Group. The main window will display: 2) Click on RAID Group and Create RAID Group. 3) The RAID Group Creation Verification message should appear. Click on Yes button. 4) Choose Parity RAID configuration. Change RAID Group Label, RAID Group, Capacity, Chunk Size and Rebuild Priority if desired. Page 23 of 30

24 5) Hold a [Shift] key or [Ctrl] key and click to choose 3 or more devices for RAID 5 then click on Create button to create a RAID 5 set. 6) A new Parity RAID set should appear on the SAM (SiI Array Manager) window. 7) Close the SAM (SiI Array Manager) window then use the Disk Management utility to allocate partition in Windows. Page 24 of 30

25 10 Allocating Partitions in Windows After the Raid groups have been created either using BIOS RAID utility or SATARAID5 GUI, the Raid group must have a partition defined on it, then the Raid group must be formatted in preparation for use under Windows. Windows 2000, XP and Server 2003 use the Disk Management utility that is part of the Operating System. There are enough nuances that make it important to follow the procedure specific to the Operating System Windows 2000 / XP / Server 2003 Before creating any partitions, RAID groups must first be created using the BIOS RAID Utility or the SATARAID5 GUI. Once the sets have been created, allow the system to load Windows. Once Windows is running, open the Disk Management window located at: Control Panel Administrative Tools Computer Management Storage Disk Management A window similar to the following should appear 1) The Initialize and Convert Disk Wizard should appear. The first window is an introductory window to the Wizard. Click Next. 2) Click the Next button Page 25 of 30

26 3) Click the Next button 4) Click the Finish button to complete the Initialize and Convert Disk Wizard. 5) The unallocated partition should appear. Page 26 of 30

27 10.2 Creating the Partitions In the Report of physical connection of disks/raid Groups section, the order in which the drives are displayed corresponds directly to the order the Sets appear in the BIOS. Therefore, the first Unallocated Partition represents Set 1 and so on. 1) In this example, there is one disk with unallocated partitions. Right-click on the unallocated partition of the disk and click on Create Partition. 2) The Create Partition Wizard should appear. The first window is an introductory window to the Wizard. Click Next. Page 27 of 30

28 3) The second window designates the partition type. Choose primary partition and click Next. 4) The third window designates the partition size. Click Next. 5) The fourth window designates the drive letter of the partition. Change the drive letter if desired. Click Next. Page 28 of 30

29 6) The next windows allows the volume label to be set and selection of the type of formatting to take place upon the creation of the partition. Make sure the Format this partition with the following settings radio button is selected. Name the volume as desired. It is recommended to use the default NTFS for the file system. Click Next. 7) The last window is a summary window listing all of the selections made. After verifying that everything is correct, click Finish. Page 29 of 30

30 8) The status of the newly created partition in the Disk Management window should change to Formatting and the percentage complete will be displayed. Depending upon the size of the partition, the format process may take several minutes. 9) When complete, the status will change to Healthy and the name and drive letter will be updated. Once the disk reports Healthy, it appears in the listing in System Listing section with all of its pertinent information as well. Close the Data Management window and click on the My Computer, the new drive will be visible and properly named. This new disk is available for use. Page 30 of 30