The Next-Generation Incident Command System (NICS)

UNCLASSIFIED The Next-Generation Incident Command System (NICS) Presented to AASHTO SCOTSEM 2014 Summit Gregory Hogan 27 October 2014 Supported by Dr. Robert Griffin Director of Support to the Homeland Security Enterprise and First Responders (FRG) DHS Science & Technology UNCLASSIFIED POC: Dr. Paul Breimyer: paul.breimyer@ll.mit.edu

MIT Lincoln Laboratory Westford, MA Socorro, NM Kwajalein, Marshall Islands Lexington, MA Mission Technology in Support of National Security Main Roles System architecture engineering Long-term technology development Rapid system prototyping and transition Slide - 2 Orlando, FL

Disaster Management Capability Shortfalls Persist 9/11 (2001) Hurricane Katrina (2003) Gulf Oil Spill (2010) Hurricane Sandy (2013) Significant Need For A Common Integration Platform Slide - 3

Homeland Disaster Response Command Levels* 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Complexity Command & Control Challenges HazMat Wildland Fire Medical Response Massive Earthquake Train Wreck Scale Extreme Events Resource Challenges 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K Number of Responders Fire Siege First Responder Mission Safety Rescue Restore order Protect property Challenges Complexity Scale Harsh Environments Partnership with CAL FIRE (Since 2007) State All-Risk/All-Hazard agency Significant scope of responsibility Forward-leaning agency Technical Challenge: Organize, coordinate, and command the efforts of dozens of agencies and thousands of responders Slide - 4 *Assumes 5 person span of command (nominal Incident Command System standard)

UNCLASSIFIED Need for Situational Awareness Rank Unit Chief Division Chief Captain Capability Gaps (Enterprise Wide) At-Risk Assessment Multi-Agency Scalability Resource and Asset Tracking Decision Support Collaborative Information Sharing Stand-off sensors and data Terrain \ Environment Knowledge Locations and Routing Solution Requirements Situational Awareness & Collaboration Network Cross-echelon Intuitive operation Distributable Scalable All-risk Robust Affordable Upgradable Primary assessed gaps stem from lack of situational awareness Slide - 5 UNCLASSIFIED

UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Platform Approach Software Architecture Distributed and Deployable Infrastructure Novel Capabilities Open source model for information sharing in Homeland Security Enterprise Accommodate existing and new tools / capabilities Common approach to ICAM* & governance Federated accessibility for entire community Managed at local / state / regional level Deployable communications Broad contribution: FFRDCs, academia, industry Oversight by governing board Delivery mechanism for Public Safety *ICAM = Identity, Credentials and Authorization Management Slide - 6 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Approach to Developing Technology & Operational Concepts First Responder Technology Rapid prototyping Evaluations in realistic and representative operational settings Operational Leave-Behinds Enhance System New Capabilities Impact on CONOPS Feedback Understand Problem Domain Testbed Evaluation Operations Staff Rides Case Studies Table Top Exercises IT Infrastructure New Technology System Integration Tabletop Exercises Field Experiments Full Scale Exercises Support Operations Field Evaluations Approach enables ongoing opportunities to identify, test, and deliver new technical and CONOPS solutions Slide - 7

NICS System Overview Emergency Operations Centers External Data Tactical Aerial Surveillance Satellite Imagery Weather Historical Maps Geographic Information System Imagery GPS Tracking Distributed Servers Mobile Displays & Collaboration Reports Fire Slide - 8 Police Medical Citizen Reporting Hazmat FEMA Coast Guard National Guard DoD

NICS: Web-Based Collaborative Online Environment Challenge: Provide distributed situational awareness for Tired-Dirty-Hungry Responders Approach: Develop simple, web-based collaborative online situational awareness interface Picture is worth 1,000 words Improves essential human communication: sketch, gesture, speech Incidents Maps & Data Real-Time Collaboration Text Chat Field Reports Apps Tired-Dirty-Hungry Interface Slide - 9

CAL FIRE Video The Next-Generation Incident Command System (NICS) February 2011 Slide - 10

CAL FIRE Video The Lincoln Distributed Disaster Response System (LDDRS) February 2011 Slide - 11

Information Sharing Vision -- Response & Preparedness -- Users Local State Tribal National Fire Police Medical Hazmat State, Regional, National EOCs National Guard DoD Federal Private Sector NGOs Network Core Principles Services & Applications Virtual USA SOA Scalability Fault Tolerance Open Data Standards Collaboration Resource Management Training & Simulation Video Analytics Post-Incident Analysis/Reporting Crowdsourcing Messaging & Alerting Virtual Library Registration & Discovery Cyber Defense Security & Governance Health & Status Decision Support Core Services Network Resources Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Location Information Airborne/ Satellite Crowdsourcing Maritime Transportation CBRNE Incident Data Weather Maps Simulated Data Slide - 12 SOA = Service Oriented Architecture

Bay Area Earthquake 14:56 11/16/11 153 5631641 I-210 Chemical Spill 08:15 11/16/11 85 68461 LA Marathon 12:45 11/15/11 40 3215 Hemet Wildfire 02:48 11/12/11 5 8475 Channel Islands Flooding 16:45 10/25/11 0 145 UNCLASSIFIED Common Operating Pictures -- Command-Levels Views -- Users Fire Police Medical Hazmat State and Regional EOC National OpsCenter Coast Guard National Guard DoD Core Principles Network Services & Applications Local Incident Incidents Last Update Users Feature s Scalability Collaboration Video Analytics Messaging & Alerting Cyber Defense Incident Name: Bay Area Earthquake Start Date/Time: 11/14/2011 14:28 PST Last Update: 11/16/2011 14:56 PST Organiza9ons: CALFIRE, SFPD, OPD, CA NaConal Guard Fault Tolerance Resource Management Post-Incident Analysis/Reporting Security & Governance Archiving Incident Commander: Director Smith Current Users: 153 Feature Count: 5631641 Go to: Bay Area Earthquake Open Data Standards Training & Simulation Crowdsourcing Registration & Discovery Health & Status Bay Area Earthq uake Incident Name: Bay Area Earthquake Start Date/Time: 11/14/2011 14:28 PST Last Update: 11/16/2011 14:56 PST Organiza9ons: CALFIRE, SFPD, OPD, CA NaConal Guard Incident Commander: General Disarray Current Users: 153 Feature Count: 5631641 Decision Support Core Services Common Operating Data State Go to: Bay Area Earthquake Resources Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Data Bases Location Information Airborne/ Satellite Crowdsourcing Maritime Transportation CBRNE Web Maps Regional / National Slide - 13 UNCLASSIFIED

NICS User Validation Notable 2013 Incidents NICS Users Group Meeting April 2014 NICS Users Group formed in 2012 250+ Organizations: Fire, Law, Medical, OES/OEM/EMA, Private Industry, Utilities, NGOs, Tribal Partners, etc. 400+ Operational Evaluations; CAL FIRE adopted State-wide (2012) Organizations in 25+ States using or evaluating NICS Technological advancements supporting evolving CONOPs Slide - 14

Recent NICS Highlights Rim Fire in Yosemite, CA SEP 2013 (~235K acres) Ventura CA Springs Fire MAY 2013 (~30K acres) Nemo Blizzard FEB 2013 Primary information system in EOC for CAL FIRE Incident Management Team and partners Rapid integration of multiple sensor platforms First method for UAV data dissemination Leveraged by Statewide Incident Management Team (IMT) Integrated Real-Time IR sensor SA led to protection of critical infrastructure asset Employed by MA NG for resource management and SA Main display in Joint Operations Center Used to coordinate with MA EMA NICS turns 12 Hours into 12 Minutes - NICS Users Group tagline (Attributed to CAL FIRE Chief Marc Hafner) Slide - 15

Third Party App Integration App Store DeLorme modified their flagship hand-held GPS product to interface with NICS DARPA sponsoring Metron Inc. to integrate with NICS; 23 CA orgs online CA Utility provider integrating weather station data into NICS First Responders Driving Industry to Open Interfaces for NICS Compatibility Slide - 16

2010 Border Incident: Airborne Remote Sensing Platform Kneeboard Display Provides SA for air attack officer and ground support Enables observation through smoke Real-time video streaming to ground Identifies fire retardant drop areas Platform declared operational by CAL FIRE (Sep 2010) Tech Transferred 2011 8 CAMVU 8 =2010 Incidents Fire retardant drop coordinated by Air Attack camera International boundary sensitivities Border (International US & Mexico) I was able to use the IR to guide both fixed wing and helicopter drops into critical areas We had one critical section of line fire under the smoke column that I was 19 September 2010 able to observe via the IR. If the fire had crossed this dry river bottom it would have ran up a South Aspect slope into the U.S.A and impact the 500 KV lines located along the border. - Chief Marc Hafner Air Surveillance Officer (ASO) Slide - 17

Successful Capstone Event with FDNY and West Point West Point Operators NICS FDNY Exercise Storm Trax April 17, 2013 White Cell HSEEP-EP Based on Hurricane Sandy West Point Cadet counter-terrorism capstone exercise coordinated by FDNY Participants impressed with injects into an operational tool HSEEP-EP and NICS Integration: Bridging Preparedness And Response Slide - 18

NICS Mobile Highlights Leveraging USCG R&D Center PHINICS program development Customized by NICS Users Group Requirements: Simple interface, PLI/ GPS Tracking, multiple incident and rooms, Field Reports, Successful Evaluations: 2013: USCG Sector New Orleans, Port Aransas Jetty 2014: NICS Users Group USCG leveraging NICS architecture to develop mobile capabilities for field use Slide - 19

Technology Transfer to State of Victoria, Australia Global search for open community capability to leverage Collaborating on NICS source code Hosted in Amazon s EC2 Cloud Training 65K users Slide - 20

NICS Links NICS Overview: http://public.nics.ll.mit.edu/nicshelp/articles/about.php NICS Help Site (videos, tutorials, etc.): http://public.nics.ll.mit.edu/nicshelp/ 2014 blog in Wildfire Today : http://wildfiretoday.com/2014/02/10/new-communication-toolenhances-incident-management/ YouTube Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6ittf_lrca YouTube Tutorials: https://www.youtube.com/channel/ucwdc6udjkldrotgjl6bolsw Register for an account at: http://nics.ll.mit.edu and click Not Registered? There are instructions to request a new organization if one doesn't already exist (emailing a request to info@nicsuser.org) Slide - 21

NATO Pilot Proposal Finalizing Proposal : 1-2 July: Zagreb, Croatia Participants: NATO Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Montenegro Proposal: 3-5 year pilot Focus: Data standards Resource tracking Mobile applications System integration Multi-language support IT/Cloud testbed Slide - 23