Broadcast Radio
Trends in Broadcast Radio Move to Digital Standards High definition radio Satellite Multiple RF Applications Radio: AM/FM + DAB, XM, Sirius, IBOC Positioning: GPS, Galileo
Requirement for Tightly Coupled Instruments Flexible RF Vector Signal Generator Multiple Standards Frequency Range from AM to Satellite Baseband Measurements Audio: Dynamic Signal Analyzer Video: High Speed Digitizer Digital Interfaces: High Speed Digital
Universal Radio Tester Generate most Radio and Navigation Broadcast Standards Flexible to adapt to technologies of the future
Mindready Public Canadian Company 2006 revenue estimate: >$20 M Worldwide locations Headquarter: Montreal, Canada North America Europe
Mindready URT Multiple Standards Public Radio Analog Standards AM/FM (World) Weather Band (USA) Multiplex Data over FM Radio Data System (Europe) or RDBS (USA) Data Radio Channel (DARC) Europe & Japan Public Radio Digital Standards Sirius (USA, Canada) XM (USA, Canada) IBOC (In-Band On-Channel) from Ibiquity or HD radio (USA, Brazil, Philippines) DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) Europe, Asia DRM (Digital Radio Mondiale) Europe, Asia, Africa ISDB-Tsb (Integrated Service Digital Broadcast Terrestrial Sound Broadcast) Japan Navigation Standards Satellite positionning Traffic Information (Traffic Message)
Analog Modulation of AM and FM Analog Radio AM Modulation 150-1600 KHz FM Modulation 65-108 FM Spectrum signal, RDS & DARC FM Stereo RDS DARC
AM/FM Radio Testing AM/FM Test Demo Traditional Approach Mindready Approach AM/FM RF Vector Signal Generator: PXI-5671 DSA: NI-PXI-4472 Configurable Test Software
Data over FM: RDS & DARC RDS: Europe, North America The modulation is a form of biphase shift keying (BPSK) ±90º Data rate of 1187.5 bps at 57 khz (730 bits/sec usable) All standard features supported by URT including TA, EON, AF Traffic Message Channel used RDS to transmit info on road condition & traffics Low penetration in North America New emerging applications such as RT+ are competing against digital radio DARC: Japan, ETS 300751: Europe 76kHz LMSK (Level Minimum Shift Keying) subcarrier at 10% 16 kbps (8.9kbps usable), which is equivalent to approximately 1000 characters received per second Introduced by NHK; highly popular in Japan VICS is over DARC. Same purpose as TMC but for Japan only DARC is almost exclusively used for carrying VICS in Japan ETS 300751 has a very low penetration in Europe.
Generating Test Signals for Digital Public Radio Digital Radio Multimedia content (audio, video) 1-n channels Data (Program type, station ID, etc.) Multiplexer Data Stream 100110... Modulation (QPSK, OFDM) (Satellite, terr.) Waveform Upconversion in RF Conditional access, control, maintenance, warning, etc. Baseband or IF Data stream files (multimedia content, radio services) provided by multiplexer Data stream transmitted over air via modulation QPSK for Satellite transmission OFDM for terrestrial transmission.
HD Radio (US) IBOC radio was developed to superimpose CD-quality radio over the existing analog transmission by adding digital modulation on each side of the existing analog spectrum bandwidth. The content of both transmissions is identical. Multicast is possible on FM. Spectrum of the IBOC FM hybrid waveform Source: ibiquity Digital Corporation
DAB (Europe, Asia) Source Coding *Final Draft ETSI EN 300 401 v1.4.1 (2006-01) Channel Coding Modulation
Satellite Radio 2320 Sirius Band 2320.0-2332.5 2332.5 XM Band 2332.5-2345.0 2345 TERR TERR-A TERR-B TDM1 TDM2 SAT1-A SAT2-A SAT2-B SAT1-B 4.25 4.01 4.25 1.86 1.86 2.53 2.53 1.86 1.86 2322.3 2326.25 2330.2 2333.4 2335.3 2337.5 2340.0 2342.2 2344.1
Satellite Radio How Sirius signals are generated (simplified) Audio (>100 Ch.) Conditional access CODEC MUX Data Stream Modulators QPSK, OFDM Waveform File QPSK Waveform File OFDM Waveform File QPSK Frequency upconversion Sat. 1 Terrestrial Sat. 2 All-digital modulation (over 100 channels for XM and Sirius)
Satellite Radio Demo Traditional Approach New Approach RF generation Audio analysis RF Vector Signal Generator (PXI-5671) Dynamic Signal Analyzer (PXI-4472) Dual-core PC Emb. Controller (PXI-8106) Multiple protocol software from Mindready Savings exceed $20-$40K for one channel Smaller footprint Faster testing
Telematics & Multimedia Test Platform Benchtop / Design Lab Automated Test
Conclusion Intuitive, easy to use interface Adjustable Power, Frequency, Carrier to Noise (C/N) on the fly Insertion loss to compensate for path loss Optional Audio analysis available at the push of a button Control (CAN, UART, MOST, I2C ) can easily be integrated Ability to load/save a pre-defined set of configuration parameters Digital radio test files include: Description of the audio content and associated data in a text file Counter (elapsed time/total length or frame counter)