Lesson 51: before, after, while, since Lesson 51: before, after, while, since Reading (Reading) Before you go to the beach, call your mother. ( Before you go to the beach, call your mother ) We traveled to Japan before traveling to Canada. ( We traveled to Japan before traveling to Canada ) Brush your teeth before you go to bed. ( Brush your teeth before you go to bed ) I will buy that cellphone after I receive my bonus. ( I will buy that cellphone after I receive my bonus ) 1
After I drank coffee, my headache stopped. ( After I drank coffee, my headache stopped ) After we came home, I cooked pasta for dinner. ( After we came home, I cooked pasta for dinner ) Someone called while you were out. ( Someone called while you were out ) While I was talking on the phone, the dogs were barking. ( While I was talking on the phone, the dogs were barking ) While I was studying English, my son called me. ( While I was studying English, my son called me ) Since you can t speak English at all, you can t go to Australia. ( Since you can t speak English at all, you can t go to Australia ) I have been very busy since I started my job. ( I have been very busy since I started my job ) Since you already know the answer, why are you asking me? ( Since you already know the answer, why are you asking me?) 2
Grammar focus (Grammar focus) Before, after, while and since are also conjunctions, whose function is to combine two sentences or clauses. Before indicates that an action takes place earlier than another action. After indicates that an event takes place later than another event. While indicates that two actions happen at the same time. Since indicates a reason or cause for something to happen, or the starting point of an action. E.g.)I will buy a new smartphone before I receive my bonus. (I will buy a new smartphone before I receive my bonus) I will buy a new smartphone after I receive my bonus. (I will buy a new smartphone after I receive my bonus) I was browsing websites while I was at the workplace. (I was browsing websites while I was at the workplace) I will buy a new smartphone since I received my bonus. (I will buy a new smartphone since I received my bonus) 3
Speaking (Speaking) 1) You have to call me before you go to the airport. (You have to call me before you go to the airport) 2) Before we bake the cake, we warm the oven. (Before we bake the cake, we warm the oven) 3) Before I sleep, I drink milk. (Before I sleep, I drink milk) 4) The delivery came after I called the person in charge. (The delivery came after I called the person in charge) 5) You could go and play after you have done your homework. (You could go and play after you have done your homework) 6) After she sold his old car, he purchased a new one. (After she sold his old car, he purchased a new one) 7) Stay in the car while I talk to the policeman. I will be right back. (Stay in the car while I talk to the policeman. I will be right back) 8) While I was waiting, I read a newspaper. (While I was waiting, I read a newspaper) 4
9) Since I started working full-time, I don t have much time now for babysitting. (Since I started working full-time, I don t have much time now for babysitting) 10) You will surely fail since you didn t study this weekend. (You will surely fail since you didn t study this weekend) 5
Gap Filling (Gap Filling) Fill in the blanks with the correct words. 1) My son likes to eat dinner returning home from school. (My son likes to eat dinner after returning home from school) 2) You cannot play loud music everyone has gone to bed. (You cannot play loud music after everyone has gone to bed) 3) almost everybody was late, the meeting had to start an hour later. (Since almost everybody was late, the meeting had to start an hour later) 4) The days were hot we were on vacation. (The days were hot while we were on vacation) 5) Please wash the dishes I am cooking. (Please wash the dishes while I am cooking) 6) I made a list I went shopping for groceries. (I made a list before I went shopping for groceries) 7) She has not seen her son he was a little boy. (She has not seen her son since he was a little boy) 6
8) I will call you I get there. (I will call you before I get there) 9) Can I get you anything I am at the store? (Can I get you anything while I am at the store?) 7
Translating (Translating) Translate these sentences into English. 1) The interviewer left before you came. (useful vocabulary: interviewer = interviewer) 2) I will call you before I get home. 3) After I finish studying, I can go shopping. 4) The computer shut down while I was doing my presentation. (useful vocabulary: shut down = shut down; presentation = presentation) 5) I will decide after they deliver their presentation. (useful vocabulary: decide = decide) 6) They have been busy since they came. 7) They went to dinner after they saw a movie. 8) Before I saw the house, I was ready to rent an apartment. (useful vocabulary: rent = rent) 9) I have loved you since I first met you. 10) Did you stay inside while it was raining? 8