Religion and Ethnicity Take-Home Test Name Go to AWARE on the IrvingISD website to enter your answers. You will still have to turn in a hard copy of the test. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) With respect to the relationship between culture, religion, and the physical environment A) religion is no longer an important source of identification for a distinct cultural group. B) all religions appeal primarily to people living in their land of origin. C)religious ideas may be responsible for some of the changes people make in the physical environment. D) few religions derive meaningful events from the physical environment. E) All of the above are true. 1) 2) Which of the following best describes the situation of religion in Tibet? A) Its spiritual leader is in exile and the government discourages observance. B) Tibetan leaders have a high degree of local control over the policies of their province. C) Only a few practice Buddhism; the majority observe Confucianism. D) Freedom of religion is protected by provincial law. 2) 3) Religion is a particularly good example of the tension between globalization and local diversity because A) all religions are in competition to convert as many people as possible. B) many people follow more than one religion. C) religion represents core cultural values and beliefs that may conflict with others. D) migrants leave their religion behind when they migrate to a new area. 3) 4) A large and fundamental division within a religion is a A) dialect. B) sect. C) denomination. D) branch. E) family. 4) 5) An ethnic religion is A) based on belief in one particular spiritual leader. B) appealing mostly to one group of people in one place. C) younger than a universalizing religion. D) based on only one language. 5) 6) A relatively small group that has broken away from an established church is a A) dialect. B) branch. C) sect. D) family. E) denomination. 6) 1
7) A universalizing religion A) has celebrations based on seasonal changes. B) is rarely transmitted through missionaries. C)appeals to people living in a wide variety of locations. D) is based on the physical characteristics of a particular location on Earth. E) is less likely to be used as a reason for violence than ethnic religions. 7) 8) The world's largest universalizing religion is A) Christianity. B) Shintoism. C) Islam. D) Buddhism. E) Hinduism. 8) 9) The world's largest ethnic religion is A) Islam. B) Confucianism. C) Daoism. D) Shintoism. E) Hinduism. 9) 10) Which is a branch of Christianity? A) Theravadist B) Eastern Orthodox C) Judaism D) Druze E) Shiite 10) 11) Almost 90 percent of people in the Western Hemisphere claim adherence to A) Roman Catholicism. B) Eastern Orthodoxy. C) Protestantism. D) Christianity. 11) 12) Which characteristic distinguishes religion in Latin America from North America? A) having a Protestant majority B) location relative to the Equator C) having a Roman Catholic majority D) Ethnic religions make up the majority in one but not the other. 12) 13) Baptists are clustered in the United States. A) southern B) upper midwestern C) southwestern D) northeastern E) A and D 13) 14) Lutherans are clustered in the United States. A) southwestern B) northeastern C) upper midwestern D) southern E) B and C 14) 2
15) Roman Catholics are clustered in the U.S. southwest primarily because of migration of A) Roman Catholics from Latin America. B) Protestants to the east. C) Protestants to the north. D) Roman Catholics from Ireland. E) Roman Catholics from the northeast United States. 15) 16) Eastern Orthodoxy is an example of a Christian A) family. B) religion. C) branch. D) denomination. E) sect. 16) 17) Lutheranism is an example of a Christian A) denomination. B) branch. C) religion. D) family. E) sect. 17) 18) Muslims are clustered in A) South America B) Sub-Saharan Africa. C) Eastern Europe. D) the Middle East. E) East Asia. 18) 19) The dominant branch of Islam is A) Sikh. B) Druze. C) Shiite. D) Eastern Orthodoxy. E) Sunni. 19) 20) The dominant branch of Islam in Iran is A) Eastern Orthodoxy. B) Sikh. C) Shiite. D) Druze. E) Sunni. 20) 21) What is the holiest book in Hinduism? A) the Old Testament B) the Quran C)the Amrit D) the Bible E) none of the above 21) 3
22) Especially important in Confucianism is to A) believe in one all-powerful God. B) perform public service. C) respect forces of nature as divine. D) reflect on the mystical and magical aspects of life. E) read the holy texts daily. 22) 23) The belief in the existence of only one god is A) monotheism. B) pagan. C) polytheism. D) cosmogony. E) animism. 23) 24) Followers of which religious branch do not trace their origin to Abraham? A) Mahayana B) Shiite C) Judaism D) Sunni E) Eastern Orthodox 24) 25) Christianity first diffused from its hearth through A) contagious diffusion. B) relocation diffusion. C) expansion diffusion. D) hierarchical diffusion. E) all of the above 25) 26) Which of the following is currently the most important religion in the homeland of the man who founded it? A) Shintoism B) Hinduism C) Islam D) Christianity E) Buddhism 26) 27) For most of the past 2,000 years, most Jews have been A) highly clustered in present-day Israel. B) forced to live in ghettos. C) dispersed around the world. D) nomads herding sheep. E) concentrated in the United States. 27) 28) The concept of a ghetto originally referred to the area of a city A) where the untouchable caste lived. B) inside the walls. C) inhabited by the lowest-income people. D) where Jews were forced to live. E) where most blacks lived. 28) 4
29) Which ethnic religion follows a lunar calendar? A) Sikhism B) Judaism C) Islam D) Hinduism E) all of the above 29) 30) The people of Quebec are distinguished from residents of neighboring Canadian provinces and the United States because they A) frequently use religious toponyms. B) are not predominantly Christian. C) practice religious tolerance. D) want to become part of France again. E) don't speak an Indo-European language. 30) 31) A mosque differs from a church, because a mosque A) is decorated with scenes from the life of the founder. B) is not a place of worship. C) contains relics of the founder. D) is not a sanctified place. E) displays a variety of architectural styles. 31) 32) Worship in Hinduism is most likely to take place A) as part of a pilgrimage. B) at home. C)in a pagoda. D) in a holy shrine. E) in a monastery. 32) 33) Protestants in Ireland are A) dispersed throughout the island. B) highly clustered in one part of the island. C) recent immigrants from Great Britain. D) highly integrated with the Roman Catholic population. E) A and B 33) 34) The goal of the majority of people living in Northern Ireland is to A) establish an independent republic. B) remain part of the United Kingdom. C)become part of the Republic of Ireland. D) join the Irish Republican Army. E) migrate to the Republic of Ireland. 34) 35) Hinduism's caste system A) assigns everyone to a distinct class. B) decrees the pilgrimages which should be taken. C)is a substitute for the lack of a holy book. D) is the basis for seasonal celebrations. E) identifies a family's important deities. 35) 5
36) The United Nations partition plan dividing Palestine placed Jerusalem under A) Palestinian administration. B) Israeli administration. C) divided administration. D) United Nations administration. E) a British Mandate 36) 37) Palestinians include all but which of the following groups? A) Jewish citizens of Israel B) Muslim citizens of Israel C) residents of territories occupied by Israel D) citizens of other states calling themselves Palestinians E) residents of refugee camps 37) 38) Adherents of which religion have controlled the Holy Land for most of the past 1,500 years? A) Christianity B) Judaism C) Islam D) Hinduism E) Sikhism 38) 39) Which religion is one of the three most important in Lebanon? A) Druze B) Sikhism C) Daoism D) Judaism E) Hinduism 39) 40) What policy did the British follow in India? A) They required all education to be conducted in English. B) They divided India into two countries. C)They forced all of the Hindus to migrate. D) They turned the problem over to the United Nations. E) They encouraged the abolishment of the caste system. 40) 41) From the Russian Revolution to the fall of the communist government, what was the policy of the government towards religion? A) The old church was replaced by Eastern Orthodoxy. B) Churches remained open but played a limited role. C) All churches were closed. D) All marriages were performed by clergy. E) Youth were encouraged to attend so that they could be indoctrinated into communism. 41) 42) Ethnicity is important because A) it is a bulwark for diversity in the face of the globalization of culture. B) it provides the only stable basis of political states. C) it defines citizenship and sovereignty. D) it opposes nationalism. E) it promotes peace. 42) 43) President Barack Obama is a good example of the A) confusion over ethnicity and race in Kenya. B) biological basis for classifying humans. C) complexity of ethnic identity in the United States. D) principle of the distribution of persons of color. 43) 6
44) What was apartheid? A) the dialect of Dutch which is spoken in South Africa B) the kinship system of Sub-Saharan Africa C) South Africa's governmental system D) the geographic separation of races in South Africa E) the existence of landlocked states in southern Africa 44) 45) An examination of the distribution of ethnicities in the U.S. reveals A) ethnicities are clustered in urban areas. B) different ethnicities cluster in different U.S. regions. C)segregation and exclusion are a thing of the past. D) ethnic neighborhoods contain a heterogenous mix of ethnicities. E) A and B 45) 46) Which of the following is not an element of cultural diversity? A) art B) race C) religion D) language E) ethnicity 46) 47) The most numerous ethnicity in the United States is A) African Americans. B) Asian Americans. C) American Indians and Alaska Natives. D) Austral-Asian. E) Latinos/Hispanics. 47) 48) African Americans are clustered in what area of the United States? A) Plains states B) Northeast C) Southeast D) Southwest E) Pacific Northwest 48) 49) African Americans migrated out of the American South as a consequence of A) the development of better highways, allowing for rapid and efficient travel. B) increased farm mechanization leading to a decreased demand for farm labor. C) the removal of travel visa requirements for people of color. D) increasing opportunities to work in northern coal mines and the California gold rush. 49) 50) Los Angeles has what kind of ethnic distribution? A) clustered B) contiguous C) diverse D) inverted E) dispersed 50) 51) Ethnic identity for descendants of European immigrants is primarily preserved through A) language. B) schools and education. C) political affiliation. D) neighborhoods and locations. E) religion and food. 51) 7
52) Comparing ethnicity and race reveals A) race is a better indicator of what someone is like than ethnicity. B) they are very similar concepts. C)ethnicity is part of a person's cultural identity but race is not. D) it is possible not to have an ethnicity but everyone belongs to a race. 52) 53) From 1910 to 1950, population density of African Americans in ghettos A) decreased. B) increased. C) remained the same. D) fluctuated. E) inverted. 53) 54) The "separate but equal" doctrine was legally established by A) states. B) the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution. C) Plessy v. Ferguson. D) Brown v. Board of Education. E) the Missouri Compromise. 54) 55) The Brown v. Board of Education court decision ruled A) separate schools for blacks and whites were unconstitutional. B) separate facilities for blacks and whites were acceptable so long as they were of the same quality. C)"white flight" was illegal but there was no way to prove a move was motivated by racism. D) discriminatory lending practices and restrictive covenants were unconstitutional. E) B and D. 55) 56) White flight is A) movement of whites from northern cities. B) movement of whites from southern cities. C) establishment of suburbs. D) emigration of whites from an area blacks were anticipated to move to. E) decrease in percent whites because of black migration from the Southeast. 56) 57) Neighborhood changes in ethnicity are sometimes caused by the illegal practice of A) blockbusting. B) red lining. C) separate but equal. D) segregation. E) self-identification. 57) 58) Which pair of concepts or entities from South Africa and the United States is the best match? A) homelands--blockbusting B) South African Nationalist Party--U.S. Supreme Court C) Nelson Mandela--white flight D) apartheid--"jim Crow" laws 58) 8
59) Elements of nationalism include all but A) common culture. B) shared attitudes. C) state symbols. D) shared emotions. E) political structure. 59) 60) Denmark is a good example of a nation-state because A) nearly all Danes speak Danish and live in Denmark. B) the people living on the Faeroe islands, which are controlled by Denmark, speak Faeroese. C) Denmark consolidated its boundaries by giving Greenland to Norway. D) Danish and German nationalities intermingle in Schleswig-Holstein. E) all of the above 60) 61) In the United States, which is shared by all Americans? A) nationality B) ethnicity C) language D) gender E) race 61) 62) Conflict in Africa is widespread because of A) numerous ethnic groups. B) colonial boundaries. C) rapid economic development. D) all of the above E) A and B. 62) 63) One reason for forced migration in Ethiopia was the A) annexation of Somaliland. B) civil war with the Eriteans. C) invasion by Libya. D) war with Sudan. E) communist takeover of the government. 63) 64) Traditionally the most important unit of African society was the A) caliphate. B) state. C) kingdom. D) tribe. E) nation. 64) 65) Until it was forced to withdraw its troops in 2005, most of Lebanon was controlled by A) Syria. B) Egypt. C) Iran. D) Jordan. E) Israel. 65) 66) The Kurds A) are living in a new country created for them between Iraq, Iran, and Turkey. B) have a large population but are divided among enough countries that they are a minority in every one. C)have no wish to become a nationality, only to remain an ethnicity. D) are a group which long ago migrated from Anatolia to the Balkans. 66) 9
67) The Lebanese civil war resulted when the country broke down because of A) independent armies. B) famine. C) religious groups. D) changes in the majority between religious groups. E) ethnic groups. 67) 68) As Sudan's religion-based civil war was winding down, an ethnic war erupted in the region of A) Darfur. B) Amhara. C) Eritrea. D) Tigre. E) Oromo. 68) 69) Balkanization refers to A) the breakdown of a state due to conflicts among nationalities. B) ethnic cleansing. C) religions splintering into opposing groups. D) a small geographic area that cannot successfully be organized into states. E) the creation of nation-states in southeastern Europe. 69) 70) The breakup of Yugoslavia during the 1990s was caused by A) espionage by Russian agents. B) ethnic cleansing. C) the assassination in Sarajevo of the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary. D) NATO. E) rivalries among nationalities. 70) 71) After World War II ended, millions of people were forced to migrate because of A) counterattacks by the Allies. B) changes in the boundaries of states. C) Soviet repatriation of Gypsies and Jews. D) return of defeated German soldiers to their homes. E) German expansion. 71) 72) The process when a group forcibly removes another group is called A) racism. B) war. C) white flight. D) ethnic cleansing. E) migrational push factors. 72) 73) NATO planes flying high over former Yugoslavia during the civil war provided information later used for geographic interpretation to A) identify strategic objectives for ground forces. B) document acts of ethnic cleansing by Serbs. C) plan the future boundaries of the newly formed countries. D) drop "smart" bombs on selected targets. 73) 10
Answer Key Testname: UNTITLED1 1) C 2) A 3) C 4) D 5) B 6) C 7) C 8) A 9) E 10) B 11) D 12) C 13) A 14) C 15) A 16) C 17) A 18) D 19) E 20) C 21) E 22) B 23) A 24) A 25) B 26) C 27) C 28) D 29) B 30) A 31) D 32) B 33) B 34) B 35) A 36) D 37) A 38) C 39) A 40) E 41) B 42) A 43) C 44) D 45) E 46) B 47) E 48) C 49) B 50) A 11
Answer Key Testname: UNTITLED1 51) E 52) C 53) B 54) C 55) A 56) D 57) A 58) D 59) E 60) A 61) A 62) E 63) B 64) D 65) A 66) B 67) D 68) A 69) A 70) E 71) B 72) D 73) B 12