Arab-Israeli Conflict
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1 Arab-Israeli Conflict
2 I. Palestine & Israel Jewish view: God promised land to Jews (1700 BCE) Jewish Diasporas (scattering) occurred 586 BCE: Destruction of Solomon s Temple 70 CE: Destruction of the Second Temple Muslims expanded into the area in 600s
3 Importance of Palestine All 3 monotheistic religions have significant ties to Jerusalem Judaism = The Western Wall Ruins of the Second Temple Christianity = Church of the Holy Sepulchre Site on which Christ was crucified, buried, & resurrected Islam = Dome of the Rock Site from which Muhammad ascended to heaven
4 The Western Wall (70 CE) (Holiest site in Judaism)
5 Church of the Holy Sepulchre (site on which Christ was crucified, buried & resurrected) (4 th cent.)
6 Dome of the Rock (705 CE) (site from which Muhammad ascended to Heaven)
7 Inside the Dome of the Rock
8 Zionist Movement: an internat l call to Jews to immigrate to Palestine to est. a country (late 1800s) Palestine became a British mandate following WWI.
9 Balfour Declaration: 1922: Brits opened Jewish immigration into Palestine
10 1920: 1 Jew to 10 Arabs in Palestine 1947: 2 Arabs for every Jew
11 Arabs rioted as Jews immigrated 1939: Brit. shut off Jewish immigration (WWII) Palestinian Jews turned to terrorism 1946: Israel was a war zone 1947: Brit. backed out of governance of Israel UN took over formed partition betw. Jews & Arabs Two-State Solution Truman endorsed
12 The U.N. s Two State Solution (Each group gets a piece)
13 1948: Israel officially became a country Muslim countries did not recognize Israel as a country
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15 Arabs launched an attack on Israel (1948) Other wars: 1956, 1967, & 1973 Israel fought off every invasion b/c of U.S. aid
16 1967 (Six Day War)-Israel defeated Egypt, Syria, Jordan, & Iraq Reclaimed the West Bank, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights (original living space for Pals), and the Sinai Peninsula (Egypt)
17 The Israeli Occupied Territories
18 -1964: Palestinian Liberation Organization(PLO) *Represent the interests of Palestinians *Yasir Arafat (leader) *Goal of PLO: complete liberation of Palestine Seen as terrorists
19 1979: Egypt recognized Israel as a country Israel returned Sinai Peninsula to Egypt Pres. Anwar Sadat was assassinated (1981)
20 1993: Israel & PLO signed the Oslo Accord: First time Palestinians recognized Israel s right to exist PLO becomes peaceful Provided for Palestinian self-govt. in two places (Gaza & parts of West Bank) Activists from both sides criticized this accord
21 1994: Violence broke out An Israeli killed 29 Muslims in West Bank Palestinians responded with suicide bombings PLO is an agent of Israel? Hamas: an Islamist group said war until an independent Palestine was created
22 2000: peace talks broke down after disagreement on how Jerusalem would be shared The Arab leader who would surrender Jerusalem is not born yet. (Arafat) Palestinian Intifada broke out
23 2004: Yasir Arafat died Mamoud Abbas current PLO leader Denounced violence Hamas: Islamist party in control of Gaza Strip Promotes violence to achieve an independent Palestinian state (suicide bombers) Who s in charge? Gaza = Hamas WB = PLO Benjamin Netanyahu (PM of Israel)
24 Israel s Solution to Suicide Bombers 2002: Israel began building a wall around West Bank protection against Palestinian suicide bombers Israel s method of claiming more land/resources
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27 Beginning in 1995, Israeli settlers began taking control of water resources in West Bank Water amount used: Jews: 74 gal/day Pals: 19 gal/day WHO: 27 gal/day is needed for health
28 Israelis settle on Palestinian lands & exploit valuable resources (water)
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32 Notice the Israeli controlled land in the green==== What make this land so attractive? Water Ag. land
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36 Effects of the Separation Wall: Cuts Pals off from water resources Takes up valuable ag. land of Pals Hinders travel & economic development of Pals
37 Palestinian Refugees
38 Wealth Disparities betw. Israelis & Palestinians
39 Road Map to Peace: a U.S. sponsored peace plan to create a Palestinian state Two State Solution is the solution, but Gaza & WB must politically reunify with the disarmament of Hamas, and Israel must remove settlers in the WB
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41 Let s sum it up CONFLICT IN ISRAEL B/C: 1) Jewish settlements in Pal s lands Separation Wall 2) Jerusalem (religious sites) 3) Water Access
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