Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA) Larimer County Vulnerability Report Data Category Social & Economic Factors Physical Environment Clinical Care Social & Economic Factors Economic and social insecurity often are associated with poor health. Poverty, unemployment, and lack of educational achievement affect access to care and a community s ability to engage in healthy behaviors. Without a network of support and a safe community, families cannot thrive. Ensuring access to social and economic resources provides a foundation for a healthy community. Data Indicators Housing Cost Burden (30%) Poverty - Population Below 100% FPL Housing Cost Burden (30%) This indicator reports the percentage of the households where housing costs exceed 30% of total household income. This indicator provides information on the cost of monthly housing expenses for owners and renters. The information offers a measure of housing affordability and excessive shelter costs. The data also serve to aid in the development of housing programs to meet the needs of people at different economic levels. Total Households Cost Burdened Households (Housing Costs Exceed 30% of Income) Percentage of Cost Burdened Households (Over 30% of Income) Percentage of Households where Housing Costs Exceed 30% of Income 121,423 44,073 36.3% Colorado 1,977,591 698,955 35.34% United States 115,610,224 41,002,236 35.47% Note: This indicator is compared with the state average. Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey. 2009-13. Source geography: Tract (36.3%) Colorado (35.34%) United States (35.47%) Cost Burdened Households (Housing Costs Exceed 30% of Household Income), Percent by Tract, ACS 2009-13 Over 35.1% 28.1-35.0% 21.1-28.0% Under 21.1% No Data or Data Suppressed Cost Burdened Households by Tenure, Total This data shows the number of households that spend more than 30% of the household income on housing costs. In the report area, there were 44,073 cost burdened households according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 200-2013 5-year estimates. The data for this indicator is only reported for households where household housing costs and income Page 1 / 10
earned was identified in the American Community Survey. Cost Burdened Households Cost Burdened Rental Households Cost Burdened Owner Occupied Households (With Mortgage) Cost Burdened Owner Occupied Households (With No Mortgage) 44,073 22,710 18,926 2,437 Colorado 698,955 334,588 326,662 37,705 United States 41,002,236 19,581,492 17,636,344 3,784,400 Cost Burdened Households by Tenure, Percent This data shows the percentage of households by tenure that are cost burdened. Cost burdened rental households (those that spent more than 30% of the household income on rental costs) represented 54.36% of all of the rental households in the report area, according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2009-2013 5-year estimates. The data for this indicator is only reported for households where tenure, household housing costs, and income earned was identified in the American Community Survey. Rental Households Percentage of Rental Households that are Cost Burdened Owner Occupied Households (With Mortgage) Percentage of Owner Occupied Households w/ Mortages that are Cost Burdened Owner Occupied Households (No Mortgage) Percentage of Owner Occupied Households w/o Mortages that are Cost Burdened 41,777 54.36% 58,596 32.3% 21,050 11.58% Colorado 684,946 48.85% 963,197 33.91% 329,448 11.44% United States 40,534,516 48.31% 49,820,840 35.4% 25,254,860 14.98% Page 2 / 10
Poverty - Population Below 100% FPL Poverty is considered a key driver of health status. Within the report area 14.06% or 41,846 individuals are living in households with income below the Federal Poverty Level (FPL). This indicator is relevant because poverty creates barriers to access including health services, healthy food, and other necessities that contribute to poor health status. Total Population Population in Poverty Percent Population in Poverty Percent Population in Poverty 297,704 41,846 14.06% Colorado 5,002,589 660,874 13.21% United States 303,692,064 46,663,432 15.37% Note: This indicator is compared with the state average. Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey. 2009-13. Source geography: Tract (14.06%) Colorado (13.21%) United States (15.37%) Population Below the Poverty Level, Percent by Tract, ACS 2009-13 Over 20.0% 15.1-20.0% 10.1-15.0% Under 10.1% No Data or Data Suppressed Population in Poverty by Gender Total Male Total Female Percent Male Percent Female 19,726 22,120 13.3% 14.81% Colorado 308,656 352,218 12.38% 14.03% United States 20,955,836 25,707,598 14.11% 16.57% Page 3 / 10
Population in Poverty by Ethnicity Alone Total Hispanic / Latino Total Not Hispanic / Latino Percent Hispanic / Latino Percent Not Hispanic / Latino 7,795 34,051 24.64% 12.8% Colorado 251,799 409,075 24.28% 10.32% United States 12,507,866 34,155,568 24.66% 13.5% Population in Poverty Race Alone, Percent White Black or African American Native American / Alaska Native Asian Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander Some Other Race Multiple Race 13.25% 22.54% 25.9% 12.46% 25.26% 26.26% 24.54% Colorado 11.57% 26.77% 24.39% 10.87% 15.64% 28.16% 16.6% United States 12.53% 27.13% 28.56% 12.53% 19.58% 26.82% 20.06% Page 4 / 10
Population in Poverty by Race Alone, Total White Black or African American Native American / Alaska Native Asian Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander Some Other Race Multiple Race 35,969 506 412 702 72 1,952 2,233 Colorado 487,361 51,067 11,254 15,096 975 66,984 28,137 United States 28,254,648 10,165,935 701,439 1,872,394 99,943 3,872,191 1,696,884 Page 5 / 10
Physical Environment A community s health also is affected by the physical environment. A safe, clean environment that provides access to healthy food and recreational opportunities is important to maintaining and improving community health. Grocery Store Access This indicator reports the number of grocery stores per 100,000 population. Grocery stores are defined as supermarkets and smaller grocery stores primarily engaged in retailing a general line of food, such as canned and frozen foods; fresh fruits and vegetables; and fresh and prepared meats, fish, and poultry. Included are delicatessen-type establishments. Convenience stores and large general merchandise stores that also retail food, such as supercenters and warehouse club stores are excluded. This indicator is relevant because it provides a measure of healthy food access and environmental influences on dietary behaviors. Total Population Number of Establishments Establishments, Rate per 100,000 Population Grocery Stores, Rate (Per 100,000 Population) 299,630 34 11.35 Colorado 5,029,196 792 15.7 United States 312,732,537 66,286 21.2 Note: This indicator is compared with the state average. Data Source: US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns. Additional data analysis by CARES. 2013. Source geography: County (11.35) Colorado (15.7) United States (21.2) Grocery Stores and Supermarkets, Rate (Per 100,000 Pop.) by County, CBP 2013 Over 35.0 25.1-35.0 15.1-25.0 Under 15.1 No Grocery Stores Grocery Stores and Supermarkets, Rate per 100,000 Population by Year, 2008 through 2012 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 10.35 10.35 10.01 10.35 11.01 11.35 Colorado 13.82 14.26 14.36 14.36 15.79 15.75 United States 20.28 20.36 20.6 20.59 21.14 21.21 Page 6 / 10
Housing Environment - Substandard Housing This indicator reports the number and percentage of owner- and renter-occupied housing units having at least one of the following conditions: 1) lacking complete plumbing facilities, 2) lacking complete kitchen facilities, 3) with 1.01 or more occupants per room, 4) selected monthly owner costs as a percentage of household income greater than 30 percent, and 5) gross rent as a percentage of household income greater than 30 percent. Selected conditions provide information in assessing the quality of the housing inventory and its occupants. This data is used to easily identify homes where the quality of living and housing can be considered substandard. Total Occupied Housing Units Occupied Housing Units with One or More Substandard Conditions Percent Occupied Housing Units with One or More Substandard Conditions Percent Occupied Housing Units with One or More Substandard Conditions 121,423 43,906 36.16% Colorado 1,977,591 700,440 35.42% United States 115,610,216 41,747,016 36.11% Note: This indicator is compared with the state average. Data Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey. 2009-13. Source geography: Tract (36.16%) Colorado (35.42%) United States (36.11%) Substandard Housing Units, Percent of Total by Tract, ACS 2009-13 Over 34.0% 28.1-34.0% 22.1-28.0% Under 22.1% No Data or Data Suppressed Substandard Housing: Number of Substandard Conditions Present No Conditions One Condition Two or Three Conditions Four Conditions 63.84% 34.95% 1.2% 0.01% Colorado 64.58% 33.67% 1.74% 0.01% Page 7 / 10
No Conditions One Condition Two or Three Conditions Four Conditions United States 63.89% 33.96% 2.14% 0.01% Substandard Housing: Households Lacking Complete Plumbing Facilities Complete plumbing facilities include: (a) hot and cold running water, (b) a flush toilet, and (c) a bathtub or shower. All three facilities must be located inside the house, apartment, or mobile home, but not necessarily in the same room. Housing units are classified as lacking complete plumbing facilities when any of the three facilities is not present. Total Occupied Housing Units Housing Complete Plumbing Facilities Housing Complete Plumbing Facilities, Percent 121,423 465 0.38% Colorado 1,977,591 8,593 0.43% United States 115,610,216 572,007 0.49% Substandard Housing: Households Lacking Complete Kitchen Facilities A unit has complete kitchen facilities when it has all three of the following facilities: (a) a sink with a faucet, (b) a stove or range, and (c) a refrigerator. All kitchen facilities must be located in the house, apartment, or mobile home, but they need not be in the same room. A housing unit having only a microwave or portable heating equipment such as a hot plate or camping stove should not be considered as having complete kitchen facilities. An icebox is not considered to be a refrigerator. Total Occupied Housing Units Housing Complete Kitchen Facilities Housing Complete Kitchen Facilities, Percent Page 8 / 10
133,905 2,543 1.9% Colorado 2,222,782 41,160 1.85% United States 132,057,808 3,958,536 3% Substandard Housing: Households Lacking A telephone must be in working order and service available in the house, apartment, or mobile home that allows the respondent to both make and receive calls. Households that have cell-phones (no land-line) are counted as having telephone service available. Households whose service has been discontinued for nonpayment or other reasons are not counted as having telephone service available. Total Housing Total Housing Owner-Occupied Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied Renter-Occupied 2,299 1.89% 971 1.22% 1,328 3.18% Colorado 46,194 2.34% 18,292 1.42% 27,902 4.07% United States 2,825,796 2.44% 1,093,979 1.46% 1,731,817 4.27% Page 9 / 10
Clinical Care A lack of access to care presents barriers to good health. The supply and accessibility of facilities and physicians, the rate of uninsurance, financial hardship, transportation barriers, cultural competency, and coverage limitations affect access. Rates of morbidity, mortality, and emergency hospitalizations can be reduced if community residents access services such as health screenings, routine tests, and vaccinations. Prevention indicators can call attention to a lack of access or knowledge regarding one or more health issues and can inform program interventions. Population Living in a Health Professional Shortage Area This indicator reports the percentage of the population that is living in a geographic area designated as a "Health Professional Shortage Area" (HPSA), defined as having a shortage of primary medical care, dental or mental health professionals. This indicator is relevent because a shortage of health professionals contributes to access and health status issues. Total Area Population Population Living in a HPSA Percentage of Population Living in a HPSA Percentage of Population Living in a HPSA 299,630 118,068 39.4% Colorado 5,029,196 1,975,424 39.28% United States 308,745,538 105,203,742 34.07% Note: This indicator is compared with the state average. Data Source: US Department of Health & Human s, Health Resources and s Administration, Health Resources and s Administration. March 2015. Source geography: HPSA (39.4%) Colorado (39.28%) United States (34.07%) Primary Care HPSA Components, Type and Degree of Shortage by Tract / County, HRSA HPSA Database March 2015 Population Group; Over 20.0 FTE Needed Population Group; 1.1-20.0 FTE Needed Population Group; Under 1.1 FTE Needed Geographic Area; Over 20.0 FTE Needed Geographic Area; 1.1-20.0 FTE Needed Geographic Area; Under 1.1 FTE Needed Please see Health Indicators Report footnotes for information about the data background, analysis methodologies and other related notes. Report prepared by Community Commons, September 15, 2015. Page 10 / 10